Deck 15: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

The biological approach to psychological disorders is most likely to focus on _____.

A)the influence of factors such as marriage, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, gender, and culture on psychological disorders
B)the influence of childhood experiences or personality traits in the development and course of psychological disorders
C)the brain, genetic, and neurotransmitter functioning in the development of psychological disorders
D)the interactions between political and social factors that affect an individual

Answer 1

the brain, genetic, and neurotransmitter functioning in the development of psychological disorders

Question 2

Tipah lives in a small village in Malaysia.According to the local villagers,Tipah is suffering suffers from a mental illness.He often experiences sudden,uncontrolled outbursts of anger.Tipah has attacked and injured many people during these fits of rage.His family claims that Tipah usually seems emotionally withdrawn before the onset of these attacks.Which of the following culture-related disorders best fits the description of Tipah's mental illness?

A)Taijin kyofusho
B)Anorexia nervosa
C)Koro
D)Amok

Answer 2

Amok

Question 3

According to the biopsychosocial model of psychological disorders,abnormal behavior can be influenced by _____.

A)genes
B)childhood experiences
C)gender
D)All of these

Answer 3

All of these

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the three criteria that is used to distinguish normal from abnormal behavior?

A)Behavior that is deviant
B)Behavior that is maladaptive
C)Behavior that is statistically atypical in nature
D)Behavior that involves personal distress over a long period of time

Question 5

Penny is a single mother who constantly struggles to make both ends meet.As a result of her stressful circumstances and lack of financial stability,Penny is depressed more often.In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders,it can be inferred that Penny's depression has a _____ basis.

A)biological
B)medical
C)sociocultural
D)psychological

Question 6

Anorexia nervosa is a culture-related disorder that is common among individuals residing in _____.

A)Malaysia
B)South East Asia
C)China
D)The United States

Question 7

Marilyn is suffering from bipolar disorder.Dr.Henderson tells Marilyn that her condition is typically characterized by a chemical imbalance in the brain.Hence,it can be inferred that Dr.Henderson's view on the factors affecting Marilyn's psychological disorder supports the _____ model of psychological disorders.

A)medical
B)behavioral
C)sociocultural
D)cognitive

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true regarding abnormal behavior?

A)Abnormal behavior typically involves personal distress over a relatively short period of time.
B)Abnormal behavior conforms to what is considered as acceptable in a culture or society.
C)Atypical behavior is the only criterion that needs to be present for behavior to be labeled as "abnormal".
D)Abnormal behavior interferes with a person's ability to function effectively in the world.

Question 9

In the context of abnormal behavior,which of the following is true of deviant behavior?

A)A person who engages in deviant behavior typically poses a greater threat to himself than others.
B)The context of a behavior may determine whether it is deviant or not.
C)A person who engages in deviant behavior invariably poses a great threat to society.
D)An individual engaging in deviant behavior always finds it personally satisfying.

Question 10

Jasmine is an attractive,well-dressed female who appears normal to her colleagues..However,Jasmine may still be considered abnormal if _____.

A)she is statistically deviant
B)her behavior is maladaptive
C)she suffers from personal distress
D)All of these.

Question 11

Jenna constantly experiences feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness.Jenna's doctor,Jacob,advises her to start taking anti-depressant drugs that contain serotonin and dopamine.According to Dr.Jacob's diagnosis,Jenna's depression is a result of the imbalance and improper functioning of the neurotransmitters in her brain.In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders,this diagnosis conforms to the _____.

A)sociocultural approach
B)biological approach
C)psychological approach
D)social cognitive approach

Question 12

Which of the following disorders is an example of a culture-related disorder?

A)Depression
B)Anorexia nervosa
C)Dementia
D)Bipolar disorder

Question 13

According to Dr.Sullivan,a well-known psychologist in Konesia,the lack of emotions experienced by psychopaths can be attributed to amygdala dysfunction.In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders,Dr.Sullivan's view supports the _____.

A)social cognitive approach
B)psychological approach
C)sociocultural approach
D)biological approach

Question 14

_____ is a culture-related disorder in China and Southeast Asia that involves the terrifying belief that one's genitalia are retracting into one's abdomen.

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Koro
C)Amok
D)Taijin kyofusho

Question 15

Derek has been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (APSD).Derek's counselor,Mary,believes that Derek's poor relationship with his alcoholic stepfather is a factor that contributed to Derek's psychological disorder.Which of the following theoretical approaches to psychological disorders conforms to Mary's beliefs in this scenario?

A)The biological approach
B)The anthropological approach
C)The sociocultural approach
D)The cognitive approach

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics is NOT used to explain psychological disorders using the psychological approach?

A)Genetics
B)Thoughts
C)Emotions
D)Experiences

Question 17

Harry,a behavioral psychologist,is in the process of analyzing his patient Maria Valentine's report.Maria has been diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder (DID).According to Harry,severe physical abuse in childhood could serve as a plausible explanation for Maria's psychological disorder.Maria is emotionally damaged and forms alternate identities in order to shut out past memories and to cope with the trauma.In the context of theoretical approaches to psychological disorders,it can be inferred that Harry's explanation of Maria's condition conforms to the _____ approach to psychological disorders.

A)psychological
B)biological
C)cognitive
D)sociocultural

Question 18

Jackie,a young American,is obsessed about losing weight.She is paranoid about having calories and often starves herself.Despite being dangerously underweight for her age,Jackie refuses to eat as she is terrified of the possibility of gaining weight.Which of the following culture-related disorders best fits the description of Jackie's condition?

A)Anorexia nervosa
B)Amok
C)Koro
D)Taijin kyofusho

Question 19

A professional who believes in the _____ approach to psychological disorders is most likely to consider a person's ethnicity when diagnosing a disorder.

A)sociocultural
B)biological
C)psychological
D)cognitive

Question 20

Koro is a culture-related disorder that is common among individuals residing in _____.

A)China
B)Malaysia
C)Africa
D)The United States

Question 21

The _____ is a theory suggesting that preexisting conditions,such as genetic characteristics,personality dispositions,or experiences,may put a person at risk of developing a psychological disorder.

A)medical model
B)diathesis-stress model
C)five-factor model
D)elaboration likelihood model

Question 22

An individual diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is most likely to _____.

A)experience irrational and overwhelming fear toward a specific object
B)exhibit repetitive behavior and have restricted interests
C)experience alternating episodes of depression and mania
D)be cAPAble of socializing with his peers and have good communication skills

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true of generalized anxiety disorder?

A)An individual suffering from generalized anxiety disorder experiences persistent anxiety for a maximum of one month.
B)An individual suffering from generalized anxiety disorder cannot specify the reasons for the anxiety he experiences.
C)Generalized anxiety disorder does not have any impact on the physical health of an individual.
D)Generalized anxiety disorder is often caused due to an elevation in the levels of the neurotransmitter GABA.

Question 24

Janet is worried about her son,Patrick.She finds him restless and impulsive.At times,Janet finds it exhausting to handle him because he is high-strung and shows very little concentration during his studies.She has also received several complaints from Patrick's teachers regarding his poor performance in class and his lack of focus.In the context of psychological disorders,it can be inferred that Patrick is exhibiting the symptoms of _____.

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)mild neurocognitive impairment
C)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D)schizophrenia

Question 25

The main criticism of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)is that it _____.

A)takes an overly sociocultural view of psychological disorders
B)has included very few categories of psychological disorders
C)does not rely on social norms and subjective judgments
D)mainly reflects the medical model

Question 26

Amok is a psychological disorder that is associated with the culture of the people living in _____.

A)the United States
B)the Philippines
C)China
D)JAPAn

Question 27

_____ is a psychological disorder,commonly diagnosed in childhood,in which an individual exhibits one or more of the following symptoms: a lack of concentration,excitability,and impulsivity.

A)Borderline personality disorder
B)Autism Spectrum Disorder
C)Depression
D)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 28

Robert's teacher,Martha,has complained about his behavior on several occasions.According to Martha,Robert cannot focus in class and is constantly distracted.She also mentioned that Robert is extremely active and very impulsive by nature.If Robert were to be taken by his teacher to Dr.Miller,a psychiatrist,he is likely to be diagnosed with:

A)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
B)borderline personality disorder.
C)autism spectrum disorder.
D)mild neurocognitive impairment.

Question 29

Which of the following is true of autism spectrum disorder?

A)Those suffering from this disorder are a diverse group and their level of disability can be relatively mild to quite severe.
B)Autism spectrum disorder can be associated with a single cause.
C)Autism spectrum disorder is usually associated with aging and is often observed in adults experiencing cognitive decline.
D)The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder include trichotillomania, but not skin picking.

Question 30

Which of the following disorders is related to the experience of anxiety,but has NOT been classified by the DSM-5 as an anxiety disorder?

A)Panic disorder
B)Specific phobia
C)Social anxiety disorder
D)Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 31

An individual diagnosed with an anxiety disorder is most likely to experience _____.

A)episodes of unrealistic excitement and euphoria
B)hallucinations-that is, seeing or hearing things that are not there
C)motor tension, apprehensive expectations, and thoughts
D)recurrent thoughts of death and suicide

Question 32

Mathew is a critic of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).Which of the following statements will be agreed upon by Mathew?

A)It treats psychological disorders as if they are medical illnesses.
B)It avoids relying on social norms and subjective judgments.
C)It reflects the sociocultural approach, emphasizing only on factors such as poverty, unemployment, and trauma.
D)It focuses on destigmatizing psychological disorders and fails to highlight the problems associated with them.

Question 33

Andrew finds it difficult to socialize and communicate with his peers in school.He often sits by himself for hours and busies himself in drawing in all his books.Andrew's teachers and parents have also noticed that he displays no interests in activities other than drawing.Which of the following best describes Andrew's psychological disorder in this scenario?

A)Major depressive disorder
B)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
C)Autism spectrum disorder
D)Disruptive mood regulation disorder

Question 34

Which of the following statements is true of the biopsychosocial model?

A)According to the biopsychosocial model, biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors are independent of one another and operate distinctly in producing abnormal behavior.
B)The biopsychosocial model states that biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors are all equally significant ingredients in producing both normal and abnormal behavior.
C)According to the biopsychosocial perspective, a specific gene or a particular experience will inevitably lead to the development of a psychological disorder.
D)The biopsychosocial model gives more importance to biological factors over psychological and sociocultural factors in producing normal and abnormal behavior.

Question 35

_____ involve fears that are uncontrollable,disproportionate to the actual danger the person might be in,and disruptive of ordinary life

A)Depressive disorders
B)Personality disorders
C)Anxiety disorders
D)Dissociative disorders

Question 36

_____ is an anxiety disorder that is marked by persistent anxiety for at least 6 months and in which the individual is unable to specify the reasons for this state.

A)Aerophobia
B)Generalized anxiety disorder
C)Social anxiety disorder
D)Agoraphobia

Question 37

A classification system for categorizing abnormal behaviors cannot help clinicians predict the _____.

A)likelihood of a particular disorder's occurrence
B)susceptibility of individuals to a particular disorder
C)most suitable treatment for a disorder
D)reaction of the individual being diagnosed with the disorder

Question 38

Pat is a critic of the DSM.Which of the following would be true of his concerns regarding the DSM?

A)The DSM will not be able to identify and classify new psychological disorders.
B)The DSM will disregard social norms and subjective judgments.
C)The DSM will overlook the biological factors involved in psychological disorders.
D)The DSM will permit the unnecessary prescription of powerful psychoactive drugs.

Question 39

The _____ is the name of the manual that was published in 1952 by the American Psychiatric Association for the major classification of psychological disorders in the United States.

A)Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM)
B)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
C)International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10)
D)Latin American Guide for Psychiatric Diagnosis (GLDP)

Question 40

Which of the following biological factors plays a role in the development of generalized anxiety disorder?

A)Enlarged fluid-filled spaces in the brain
B)Elevated levels of lactate
C)Deficient levels of the neurotransmitter GABA
D)Elevated levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 41

Alison had sustained severe injuries after being brutally attacked by a mad dog as a child.Following that incident,Alison has been experiencing an overwhelming sense of fear and paralysis every time she sees a dog.The fear is so intense that it keeps Alison from leaving her house.Alison believes that as long as she's inside her house,the chances of encountering a dog are slim.In the context of psychological disorders,Alison is most likely to be diagnosed with _____.

A)social anxiety disorder
B)specific phobia
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)generalized anxiety disorder

Question 42

A deficiency in which of the following neurotransmitters is linked to generalized anxiety disorder?

A)Epinephrine
B)Acetylcholine
C)Glutamate
D)GABA

Question 43

Which neurotransmitters play a role in panic disorders?

A)Dopamine and norepinephrine
B)Glutamate and acetylcholine
C)GABA and serotonin
D)Substance P and glutamate

Question 44

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which the individual experiences recurrent,sudden onsets of intense terror,often without warning and with no specific cause.

A)Bipolar disorder
B)Kleptomania
C)Panic disorder
D)Paranoid personality disorder

Question 45

Which of the following statements is true of panic disorder?

A)The brain chemical, lactate, is deficient in individuals with panic disorder.
B)In terms of biological factors, genetic predisposition is a likely cause of panic disorder.
C)In terms of sociocultural factors in the U.S, men are twice as likely as women to have panic attacks.
D)Individuals who suffer from panic attacks are less likely to display overgeneralization of fear learning.

Question 46

Alfred suffers from an extreme and irrational fear of spiders.His fear is exaggerated and disproportionate to the actual danger he might be in if he did encounter a spider.Alfred's fear of spiders is so intense that he would go to almost any length to avoid coming into contact with them.Alfred is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following disorders?

A)Specific phobia
B)Generalized anxiety disorder
C)Social anxiety disorder
D)Post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 47

Brad has been in a state of incessant worry for almost half a year now.He has trouble sleeping and breathing.Dr.Simons,a psychiatrist,asks Brad detailed questions about his symptoms and medical history.Brad tells Dr.Simons that he cannot stop worrying and is constantly nervous.Brad also complains of muscular tension and stomach problems.After conducting a quick examination of Brad's symptoms,Dr.Simons discovers that Brad's incessant worry does not have a particular cause,and it has taken a physical toll on Brad's health.Which of the following disorders is Dr.Simons most likely to diagnose Brad with?

A)Generalized anxiety disorder
B)Schizophrenia
C)Bipolar disorder
D)Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 48

A fear becomes a phobia when _____.

A)it does not interfere with the daily functioning of an individual
B)an individual will go to any length to avoid the situation that he fears
C)an individual is not aware of what triggers his fear
D)it is not associated with a specific object or situation

Question 49

Lola often experiences abrupt,brief episodes of overwhelming fear.She does not know what triggers them,but she has these attacks in the grocery store,in busy restaurants,and even while driving.During these attacks,Lola's heart pounds and she has difficulty breathing.She fears that she may go crazy or have a heart attack.In the context of psychological disorders,it can be inferred that Lola may have _____.

A)catatonia
B)somatoform disorder
C)aerophobia
D)panic disorder

Question 50

Alex has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder.Which of the following,if true,might have played a role in the development of his disorder?

A)Alex has very sensitive and mild parents.
B)Alex is unambitious and has low self-standards.
C)Alex has respiratory system abnormalities.
D)Alex suffered head injury as a child.

Question 51

John often experiences unanticipated attacks of intense fear.During these episodes,he feels like fainting and has trouble catching his breath.John cannot identify the source of his feelings and worries that he might die of heart failure.In the context of psychological disorders,John is exhibiting the symptoms of _____.

A)disruptive mood regulation disorder
B)paranoid personality disorder
C)panic disorder
D)social anxiety disorder

Question 52

Dr.Davenport,a psychiatrist,is in the process of diagnosing Kelly's psychological disorder.He asks Kelly a series of questions regarding her symptoms.Kelly reveals that she often experiences overwhelming fear all of a sudden which is accompanied by pains in the chest and a feeling of helplessness.During these instances,she finds it difficult to breathe,has severe palpitations,and feels like she's going to die of cardiac arrest.In the context of psychological disorders,Dr.Davenport is most likely to diagnose Kelly with _____.

A)schizophrenia
B)social anxiety disorder
C)paranoid personality disorder
D)panic disorder

Question 53

Anxiety disorders involve fears that are _____.

A)uncontrollable
B)disproportionate to the actual danger
C)disruptive of ordinary life
D)All of these.

Question 54

Karen has been suffering from a disorder that is characterized by exaggerated and irrational worry that tends to interfere with her daily functioning.She can't sleep properly and often complains of stomach aches.In spite of being constantly nervous and restless,Karen,however,cannot seem to find the specific cause of her worry.These symptoms have lasted for almost six months now.Which of the following disorders is Karen most likely to be diagnosed with?

A)Social anxiety disorder
B)Generalized anxiety disorder
C)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)Bipolar disorder

Question 55

An example of a specific phobia that is associated with the fear of strangers is referred to as _____.

A)mysophobia
B)aerophobia
C)xenophobia
D)melissophobia

Question 56

_____ is an example of a specific phobia that is associated with the fear of water.

A)Gamophobia
B)Hydrophobia
C)Algophobia
D)Xenophobia

Question 57

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which the individual has an intense fear of being humiliated or embarrassed in public.

A)Thanatophobia
B)Xenophobia
C)Social phobia
D)Gamophobia

Question 58

Carla has an extreme and irrational fear of heights.She avoids climbing ladders or visiting APArtments located on high floors of buildings.Every time Carla looks down from a high window or an elevated place,she is gripped by an overwhelming fear and panics.Carla is most likely suffering from which of the following psychological disorders?

A)Acrophobia
B)Aerophobia
C)Amaxophobia
D)Algophobia

Question 59

_____ is an anxiety disorder in which the individual experiences an irrational,overwhelming,persistent fear of a particular object or situation.

A)Specific phobia
B)Schizophrenia
C)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)Somatoform disorder

Question 60

The etiology of social anxiety disorder includes neural circuitry that involves all of the following except the _____.

A)thalamus
B)amygdala
C)cerebral cortex
D)cerebellum

Question 61

Which of the following biological factors plays a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

A)Low levels of glutamate in the brain pathways linked with OCD
B)High levels of the neurotransmitters serotonin and dopamine
C)High levels of lactate in the brain
D)High levels of activity in the frontal cortex of the brain

Question 62

Which of the following statements is true of individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

A)Individuals with OCD are less likely to be bothered by lingering doubts about whether they have avoided an unpleasant or dreaded outcome.
B)Individuals with OCD feel extraordinarily relieved if they do not act out their compulsions.
C)Individuals with OCD show a cognitive bias associated with overestimating threats, especially when such threats are personally relevant.
D)Individuals with OCD have the ability to dismiss negative, intrusive thoughts by ignoring or effectively dismissing them.

Question 63

Each time Harry feels anxious,he compulsively pulls hair from his scalp or eyebrows.This compulsive urge to pull his hair has made him partially bald.Harry is most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following OCD-related disorders?

A)Hoarding disorder
B)Trichotillomania
C)Excoriation
D)Body dysmorphic disorder

Question 64

Eric has an extreme fear of being humiliated in public.As a result,he avoids public gatherings and functions.The thought of speaking in front of the crowd induces panic in him.Which of the following best describes Eric's disorder?

A)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)Generalized anxiety disorder
C)Algophobia
D)Social phobia

Question 65

Since the war eight months ago,Henry,a 35-year-old soldier,has been experiencing flashbacks that causes him to relive the grievous experiences that he went through during the war.Henry is terrified of these flashback episodes and tries to avoid all reminders of the war.He refuses to talk about his feelings and avoids looking at his uniform.This anxiety interferes with Henry's sleep and social functioning.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,it can be inferred that Henry is exhibiting the symptoms of _____.

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)specific phobia
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)antisocial personality disorder

Question 66

_____ is a psychological disorder that develops through exposure to a direful event,a severely oppressive situation,cruel abuse,or a natural or an unnatural disaster.

A)Bipolar disorder
B)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)Post-traumatic stress disorder
D)Autism spectrum disorder

Question 67

Diana is afraid to throw things away because she feels that she might need them in the future.Consequently,Diana compulsively collects and stores large quantities of old newspapers,broken crockery,and old clothes.In the context of OCD-related disorders,Diana's excessive acquisition of objects and her inability to discard them are typical characteristics of _____.

A)trichotillomania
B)excoriation
C)hoarding disorder
D)body dysmorphic disorder

Question 68

Seven months ago,Sandra was involved in a serious car accident.Even though she recovered fully from her injuries,she is still troubled by nightmares and flashbacks of the scene of the accident.Now,Sandra refuses to drive and insists only on using public transport.She is in a constant state of anxiety and has trouble sleeping.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,it can be inferred that Sandra shows symptoms suggestive of _____.

A)social anxiety disorder
B)bipolar disorder
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 69

Martha believes that if she doesn't keep checking the stove in the kitchen,there may be a gas leakage and an explosion.Consequently,Martha keeps checking whether the stove has been turned off over and over again,sometimes over fifty times a day.This practice interferes with her sleep and disturbs her thoughts.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,Martha's recurrent thoughts about the possibility of an explosion are called _____.

A)delusions
B)compulsions
C)hallucinations
D)obsessions

Question 70

Jillian cannot bear to leave her home without sweeping the floors,vacuuming the carpets,and organizing everything in her cupboards.She knows that her behavior is extreme,but when she tries to go to work without doing all of these things,she is overcome with such overwhelming dread that she never makes it all the way to the office.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,it can be inferred that Jillian suffers from _____.

A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)a phobia
D)panic disorder

Question 71

Evelyn believes that she must touch the door knob seven times before she opens the door so that her mother will not become deathly ill.In the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder,what is Evelyn's compulsion?

A)The belief that her mother will fall sick
B)Touching the door knob
C)Walking through the door
D)Opening the door

Question 72

Kelly experiences a great deal of anxiety over her physical appearance.She believes that her head is too big and her nose is asymmetrical.This troubling preoccupation with her physical features interferes with Kelly's occupational and social functioning.She spends hours in front of the mirror and isolates herself from her friends.In the context of OCD-related disorders,Kelly can be most likely diagnosed with _____.

A)excoriation
B)trichotillomania
C)hoarding disorder
D)body dysmorphic disorder

Question 73

According to the DSM-5,post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)is likely to occur _____.

A)in those individuals who directly experience a trauma
B)in those individuals who witness a trauma
C)in those individuals who only hear about a trauma
D)All of these

Question 74

_____ refers to a psychological disorder in which an individual has anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and urges him to perform repetitive,ritualistic behaviors to prevent or produce some future situation.

A)Dissociative identity disorder
B)Bipolar disorder
C)Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Question 75

In cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),_____ frequently accompany obsessions and appear to serve the function of reducing the anxiety created by such disturbing thoughts.

A)manias
B)hallucinations
C)compulsions
D)delusions

Question 76

Brenda is constantly in the habit of arranging and rearranging the things in her house.She feels very anxious when things are not arranged symmetrically and engages in this behavior to dismiss her negative feelings.Consequently,Brenda forbids children from entering her house because she is afraid that they will disturb the balance of orderliness.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,Brenda is most likely to be diagnosed with _____.

A)paranoid personality disorder
B)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 77

In the context of OCD-related disorders,an individual with hoarding disorder is most likely to _____.

A)exhibit a distressing preoccupation with the flaws in his physical appearance
B)compulsively pull at his hair from his scalp, eyebrows, and other body parts
C)suffer from a compulsion that involves picking at his skin, sometimes to the point of injuring himself
D)find it difficult to throw things away, troubled by the feeling that he might need them at a later time

Question 78

_____ is an OCD-related disorder that involves a distressing preoccupation with imagined or slight flaws in one's physical appearance.

A)Excoriation
B)Trichotillomania
C)Body dysmorphic disorder
D)Hoarding disorder

Question 79

Emily is in the habit of picking at her skin every time she feels nervous or anxious.Emily engages in this kind of compulsive behavior to such an extent that she ends up bruising herself in the process.In the context of OCD-related disorders,Emily is most likely suffering from _____.

A)hoarding disorder
B)body dysmorphic disorder
C)excoriation
D)trichotillomania

Question 80

Alex cannot control his impulse to wash his hands every five minutes.He washes his hands almost 100 times a day because he is terrified of being contaminated by germs.If Alex doesn't wash his hands,he experiences overwhelming anxiety.In the context of anxiety and anxiety-related disorders,it can be inferred that Alex is most likely to be diagnosed with _____.

A)autism spectrum disorder
B)obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)post-traumatic stress disorder
D)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder