Deck 8: Courts and the Quest for Justice

Question 1

Five justices,representing a majority of the United States Supreme Court,must agree to hear a case before a writ of certiorari will be issued.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which federal circuit has jurisdiction over cases involving patent law and cases where the United States government is the defendant?

A)5th
B)13th
C)9th
D)8th

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What court function is the "medical model" of the criminal justice system related to?

A)Rehabilitation
B)Bureaucratic
C)Crime control
D)Due process

Answer 3

A

Question 4

How many women have been confirmed and seated as a U.S.Supreme Court Justice?

A)6
B)3
C)4
D)2

Question 5

Federal judges have lifetime appointments,and therefore cannot be impeached for judicial misconduct.

Question 6

Federal judges,once seated,serve a

A)4 year term.
B)5 year term.
C)10 year term.
D)life term.

Question 7

The federal court system is a two-tiered system.

Question 8

State trial courts with general jurisdiction may also be known as circuit courts.

Question 9

In the federal court system judges are

A)elected by popular vote.
B)nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.
C)appointed by a joint House and Senate Judiciary Committee.
D)nominated by the Senate and confirmed by the President.

Question 10

Trial court judges issue written explanations for their decisions,called opinions.

Question 11

All of the following are found in a U.S.Supreme Court decision except

A)the opinion.
B)conference notes and transcripts.
C)concurring opinions.
D)dissenting opinions.

Question 12

The formal process by which one legal authority,such as a state,transfers a fugitive or a suspect to another legal authority is .

A)jurisdiction.
B)habeas corpus.
C)extradition.
D)a writ of certiorari.

Question 13

When the state and federal governments have concurrent jurisdiction

A)both courts are obligated to prosecute the offender.
B)the federal court must step aside and allow the state to prosecute the offender.
C)the state court must step aside and allow the federal court to prosecute the offender.
D)federal and state prosecutors will use their discretion to determine if one or both courts will prosecute.

Question 14

The U.S.Supreme Court is

A)only a court of origination.
B)only an appellate court.
C)both a court of origination and appellate court.
D)partisan court.

Question 15

The Rule of Four requires that at least four Supreme Court justices make any decision.

Question 16

All federal judges receive lifetime appointments to the bench.

Question 17

The courtroom workgroup differs from a traditional workgroup at a company is that each participant answers to a different sponsoring agency.

Question 18

The due process function of the court is concerned with protecting individuals from the unfair advantage that the government has with its vast resources.

Question 19

Magistrates are no longer utilized in the American court system.

Question 20

What type of request does the Supreme Court issue to lower courts as an order to review the case record?

A)writ of certiorari
B)writ of habeas corpus
C)rule of four
D)corpus delicti

Question 21

Trial courts are concerned with .

A)questions of procedure.
B)questions of law.
C)questions of fact.
D)questions of due process.

Question 22

The function of the court is concerned with the day-to-day processing of cases.

A)due process
B)crime control
C)rehabilitative
D)bureaucratic

Question 23

Which member of the courtroom work group is responsible for the large amount of paperwork which is generated during a trial?

A)The court clerk.
B)The judge.
C)The court reporter.
D)The prosecutor.

Question 24

During pretrial activities a judge may handle all of the following except

A)review probable cause for arrest.
B)review to determine if evidence to justify detention exists.
C)bond issues.
D)jury selection.

Question 25

The dominant figure in the courtroom work group is the .

A)court clerk.
B)prosecutor.
C)judge.
D)bailiff.

Question 26

During pretrial activities,the judge assumes the role of

A)referee.
B)teacher.
C)negotiator.
D)court administrator.

Question 27

The term dual court system refers to

A)the system of courts of original jurisdiction and courts of appeal.
B)the separate but interrelated system of federal and state courts.
C)the disposition of offenders is a handled by both judges and juries.
D)civil and criminal courts.

Question 28

When different courts share jurisdiction over the same defendant,multiple can result.

A)challenges
B)errors
C)claims of authority
D)trials

Question 29

U.S.Supreme Court rulings are decided

A)in oral arguments.
B)in briefs.
C)in dissenting opinions.
D)in conference.

Question 30

The court's crime control function emphasizes punishment and

A)leniency.
B)rehabilitation.
C)retribution.
D)morality.

Question 31

As listed in the text,which of the following is not considered a state specialty court?

A)Tax court
B)Juvenile court
C)Drug court
D)Domestic court

Question 32

Case overload has been linked to all of the following situations except

A)prosecutors charge only slam dunk cases in minor/non-violent incidents.
B)prosecutors negotiate reduced sentences unnecessarily.
C)police officers are too eager to obtain confessions in lieu of other evidence.
D)closure rates rise.

Question 33

State trial courts that have general jurisdiction are called all of the following EXCEPT:

A)county courts.
B)municipal courts.
C)district courts.
D)circuit courts.

Question 34

The function of the courts emphasizes punishment and retribution

A)leniency.
B)rehabilitation.
C)crime control
D)morality.

Question 35

Courts having appellate jurisdiction act as

A)reviewers of cases concerned with questions of law.
B)courts of origination for the appeal.
C)reviewers of fact.
D)deciders of guilt or innocence.

Question 36

The formal process by which one legal authority,such as a state or a nation,transfers a fugitive or a suspect to another legal authority that has a valid claim on that person is called

A)universal jurisdiction
B)concurrent jurisdiction
C)jurisdiction
D)extradition

Question 37

At the state level,courts of jurisdiction have no restrictions on the subject matter they may address.

A)international
B)limited
C)universal
D)general

Question 38

The function of the courts is to protect individuals from the unfair advantages that the government automatically enjoys in legal battles.

A)leniency.
B)rehabilitation.
C)due process.
D)morality.

Question 39

Which of the following is not a part of the U.S.federal court system?

A)U.S.Tribunal Court
B)U.S.District Court
C)U.S.Supreme Court
D)U.S.Court of Appeal

Question 40

One criticism of merit selection is that

A)it is a partisan process.
B)it results in a lack of diversity on the bench.
C)the process is too lengthy.
D)the full senate must approve each candidate.

Question 41

The decision by Judge Nail to dismiss the case was,given the reaction of Tommy Thomas,Tina Watson's father,probably viewed by him as a failure of what function of the court?

A)due process
B)crime control
C)rehabilitation
D)bureaucratic

Question 42

jurisdiction occurs when two different court systems have simultaneous jurisdiction over the same case.

Question 43

Though presumably Watson planned his alleged murder in Alabama,Australia claimed based on where the crime took place.

A)jurisdiction
B)extra territoriality
C)limited jurisdiction
D)concurrent jurisdiction

Question 44

On what basis was the the federal government able to claim jurisdiction in the cases of the Americans convicted of child pornography?

A)The actions of those convicted crossed over international borders.
B)The actions of those convicted crossed over county borders.
C)The states were unaware of the criminal activities,so lost their claim of jurisdiction.
D)The federal government was concerned that the accused would not get a fair trial at the state level.

Question 45

Shynkarenko will be tried in a court with what type of jurisdiction?

A)original jurisdiction
B)limited jurisdiction
C)general(unlimited)jurisdiction
D)universal jurisdiction

Question 46

Prosecutors in Alabama argued that Watson planned the alleged murder of his wife in Alabama and therefore the state had jurisdiction over the crime.

A)geographic
B)territorial
C)limited
D)concurrent

Question 47

The cases of all those involved would be heard in which type of court?

A)federal trial court
B)federal appellate court
C)US appellate court
D)court of limited jurisdiction

Question 48

The decision arrived at between North Carolina and federal prosecutors to try Damon Quick in federal court was the result of .

A)negotiation
B)the national supremacy clause
C)a coin toss
D)a vote in Congress

Question 49

The movement of Gabe Watson from Australia to Alabama is an example of

A)extradition
B)extra territoriality
C)limited jurisdiction
D)applied jurisdiction

Question 50

On what basis did the federal government claim jurisdiction?

A)The federal government's power to regulate intestate commerce
B)The robberies occurred in several states
C)concurrent jurisdiction
D)the gun used in the robberies was bought in another state

Question 51

courts review decisions made by a trial court and decide if a case should be reversed or remanded.

Question 52

A request from the U.S.Supreme Court asking a lower court for the record of a case is a(n)
.

Question 53

If North Carolina had successfully claimed jurisdiction in this case,Quick most likely would have been tried in what type of court?

A)County court
B)Probate court
C)Municipal court
D)Superior court

Question 54

Double jeopardy,or being charged for the same crime twice,is prohibited by the Constitution,but was avoided in this instance because of what other legal principle?

A)joint jurisdiction
B)extra territoriality
C)limited jurisdiction
D)concurrent jurisdiction

Question 55

A main criticism of the American court system is that it has sacrificed the goal of for efficiency.

Question 56

Because Shynkarenko is a Ukrainian national,his case is being tried in which court?

A)New Jersey trial court
B)federal trial court
C)military tirbunal
D)International Court of Justice

Question 57

Trial courts examine questions of .

Question 58

What would have been necessary for North Carolina to be able to claim sole jurisdiction?

A)If the stores Quick robbed had no commercial activity across state lines
B)If Damon Quick had not used the money he stole to purchase goods from these stores
C)If the gun Quick used in the robberies had not been purchased in another state
D)If North Carolina officials had not cooperated with federal authorities

Question 59

The federal law outlawing robbery that obstructs commerce between states applies in this case because

A)Dominos and Dollar General,for example,have franchises in other states
B)Damon Quick used the money he stole to purchase goods from these stores
C)Damon Quick spent the some of the money he stole in other states
D)The stores are listed in the New York Stock Exchange

Question 60

In which level of court did the Americans convicted of child pornography face justice?

A)federal
B)state
C)international tribunal
D)military court

Question 61

The primary function of the early American courts was the function,which was concerned with protecting the rights of the individual against the power of the state.

Question 62

The separate but interrelated court system of the United States,made up of the courts on the national level and the courts on the state level is called a .

Question 63

Lower courts that have jurisdiction over one specific area of criminal activity are courts.

Question 64

Courts having jurisdiction are also called trial courts and may be known as general jurisdiction courts.

Question 65

The situation that occurs when two or more courts have the authority to preside over the same criminal case is called .

Question 66

The lowest tier of the federal court system is comprised of .

Question 67

Written statements by the judges expressing the reasons for the court's decision in a case are called .

Question 68

During pretrial activities,the judge takes on the role of -.

Question 69

literally refers to the power to "speak the law."

Question 70

The judge performs duties in order to manage the day-to-day operations of their court.

Question 71

Keeping up with paperwork generated during a trial,including transcripts and evidence,is the responsibility of the
.

Question 72

Courts having jurisdiction act as reviewing courts

Question 73

According to the principles of jurisdiction,a crime against all nations collectively can be prosecuted by any nation having custody of the wrongdoer.

Question 74

The combines both merit appointment and popular election to select judges.

Question 75

The function of the court is necessary in order to keep the justice process moving with speed and efficiency.

Question 76

In a election,candidates align themselves with a specified political party.

Question 77

is the formal process by which one legal authority,such as a state or a nation,transfers a fugitive or a suspect to another legal authority that has a valid claim on that person.

Question 78

Supreme Court judges express their disagreement with a decision by their fellow Supreme Court members by writing a .

Question 79

The function of the court is based on the medical model of the criminal justice system.

Question 80

maintain order and security in the court.