Deck 1: Criminal Justice Today

Question 1

Trial by jury is relatively rare,only about of those arrested for felonies go to trial.

A)1%
B)5%
C)15%
D)30%

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Illegal drug use appears to be slowly declining in the United States.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

According to the conflict model,what is deemed criminal activity is determined by

A)the largest segment of the population
B)a mutual consensus among citizens
C)the most politically powerful segment of society
D)the segment of society comprised of criminal justice professionals

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Discretionary decisions lead to the development of the formal criminal justice process.

Question 5

The United States has a dual court system,meaning that we have two independent court systems,one at the federal level and one at the state level.

Question 6

Public order crime is sometimes referred to as

A)violent.
B)legal.
C)victimless crime.
D)felonies.

Question 7

Illegal gambling,prostitution,racketeering,and extortion are all examples of

A)victimless crime.
B)organized crime.
C)white collar crime.
D)public order crime.

Question 8

The criminal justice system consists of three layers.

Question 9

Which model assumes that a diverse group of people can share the same morals?

A)Conflict model
B)Consensus model
C)Crime control model
D)Due process model

Question 10

What is the act of taking property from another person through force,threat of force,or intimidation?

A)assault
B)breaking and entering
C)battery
D)robbery

Question 11

High-tech crimes include

A)robbery.
B)biometrics.
C)loan sharking
D)cyberstalking

Question 12

Discretionary decisions lead to the development of the formal criminal justice process.

Question 13

In 2010,both violent and property crime rates increased dramatically.

Question 14

The crime control model of criminal justice focuses on protecting individuals from the power of the state.

Question 15

State Police are responsible for the "nuts and bolts" of police work.

Question 16

The most common form of criminal activity in the United States is property crime.

Question 17

Larceny is the act of taking property from another person without the use of force with the intent of keeping that property.

Question 18

Prisons are administered by

A)counties
B)municipalities
C)states and the federal government
D)courts

Question 19

The dual court system

A)refers to local and state court systems.
B)refers to federal and state court systems.
C)refers to criminal and civil court systems.
D)refers to adult and juvenile court systems.

Question 20

The consensus model assumes that a diverse group of people cannot have similar morals and values.

Question 21

DNA evidence can be retrieved from all of the following except

A)fingerprints
B)blood
C)saliva
D)hair strands

Question 22

The due process model

A)protects victims from the power of the state.
B)denies constitutional rights to the accused.
C)provides limitless police discretion.
D)protects individuals from the power of the state.

Question 23

Which of the following is the most common correctional treatment?

A)Parole
B)Tethering
C)Probation
D)Incarceration

Question 24

Discretion is strongly associated with

A)the formal justice process
B)the informal justice process
C)assembly-line justice
D)the crime control model

Question 25

Violent crimes include all of the following except

A)murder.
B)sexual assault.
C)burglary.
D)robbery.

Question 26

The taking of personal property from another through the use of force or fear is

A)larceny
B)theft
C)burglary
D)robbery

Question 27

Which term implies that a majority of citizens agree that certain activities should be defined as crime?

A)Opinion agreement model
B)Consensus model
C)Survey consensus
D)Public forum

Question 28

Which of the following hold those convicted of minor crimes with relatively short sentences?

A)Halfway house
B)Prison
C)Jail
D)Boot camp

Question 29

Generally,when crime rates are high,the public demands that politicians "get tough on crime" and the model dominates.

A)Crime Control
B)Consensus
C)Due Process
D)Homeland Security

Question 30

Discretion in criminal justice is vested in all of the following except

A)police.
B)judges.
C)prosecutors.
D)witnesses

Question 31

Which of the following is not one of the goals of the modern criminal justice system?

A)To control crime
B)To prevent crime
C)To provide and maintain justice
D)To enforce society's shared moral code

Question 32

The explosion in violent crime in the late 1980s and early 1990s was attributed to the widespread sale and use of

A)crack cocaine.
B)heroin.
C)methamphetamine.
D)marijuana.

Question 33

All of the following are considered psychoactive drugs,with the exception of

A)cocaine
B)heroin
C)alcohol
D)marijuana

Question 34

How many independent judicial systems are in the United States?

A)Three
B)Fifty-two
C)Two
D)Four

Question 35

A concerted national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States is known as

A)Strategic policing
B)The homeland security movement
C)The intelligence model
D)Crime control

Question 36

How many people are killed by gunfire each year in the U.S.?

A)110,000
B)90,000
C)70,000
D)30,000

Question 37

The model represents an obstacle course rather than an assembly-line.

A)crime control
B)due process
C)integrated
D)consensus

Question 38

Fire marshals,alcohol beverage control officers,and fish,game and watercraft wardens are all level law enforcement personnel.

A)municipal
B)county
C)state
D)federal

Question 39

The concept of public order crimes is linked to the

A)conflict model.
B)due process model.
C)consensus model.
D)deviance model.

Question 40

The text refers to the judge,prosecutors,and defense attorneys in a criminal court as the court's

A)functional unit.
B)work group.
C)professional staff.
D)justice team.

Question 41

Those who fear that texting while driving laws may increase racial profiling by the police are least concerned with what criminal justice concept?

A)rule of law
B)federalism
C)authority
D)discretion

Question 42

Which model would be likely advocated if the murderer of Hidiya Pendleton were to face trial?

A)the formal criminal justice process
B)the formal criminal justice process
C)the due process model
D)the crime control model

Question 43

Police investigators said that the incident involving Smith stemmed from "drug and gang activity" and sparked no community outrage.Even so,the incident wold be seen as an offense against

A)society
B)the powerful in society
C)the powerless in society
D)local community standards

Question 44

A ban on texting while walking would maximize what value in criminal justice?

A)justice
B)protection
C)rehabilitation
D)support of crime victims

Question 45

The response to Pendleton's murder would suggest that the community viewed her death through the lens of which model?

A)majoritarian
B)conflict
C)consensus
D)due process model

Question 46

If the same words were used by a businessman in an office,this would constitute what type of crime?

A)language crime
B)property
C)violent order
D)public order

Question 47

The perpetrators in both murders would be tried in what type court?

A)state civil court
B)state criminal court
C)federal civil court
D)federal criminal court

Question 48

Laws against distracted texting would likely reflect which model of crime?

A)crime control
B)conflict
C)consensus
D)majoritarian

Question 49

Laws that prohibit "threatening,abusive,or insulting words" would limit what right?

A)Speech
B)Jury trial
C)Protection against unreasonable search and seizure
D)Religion

Question 50

A ban on insulting and rude speech would maximize what value in criminal justice?

A)justice
B)protection
C)rehabilitation
D)support of crime victims

Question 51

An act that violates criminal law and is punishable by criminal sanctions is a

Question 52

Laws that are made by one group exerting its power over another is an example of what model of how laws are made?

A)majoritarian
B)conflict
C)consensus
D)due process model

Question 53

Whose interests are expressed when the criminal justice system criminalizes certain speech made by one group against another?

A)the individual's
B)the victim's
C)the group holding power
D)the criminal's

Question 54

Crimes against persons such as murder or sexual assault are called crimes.

Question 55

High tech crime is directly related to the increased presence of in everyday life.

Question 56

The consensus model is indicated in the preface when

A)few people reacted to the murder of Michelle Smith
B)so many people reacted to the murder of Hidiya Pendleton
C)both incidents were deemed harmful to society
D)sides were chosen about which loss was more meaningful

Question 57

Texting while walking would be considered what type of crime?

A)violent
B)property
C)public order
D)white-collar

Question 58

The conflict model means that the group that happens to be holding power has the most influence on
.

Question 59

Which concept is maximized when police officers choose not to issue a ticket to the twenty-four-year-old woman who walked into a telephone pole while texting?

A)rule of law
B)justice
C)authority
D)social norms

Question 60

Since texting laws are enforced at the local and state level,at which level of law enforcement would the formal criminal justice process most likely be dominant?

A)local
B)state
C)federal
D)interstate

Question 61

The act of physically contacting another person with the intent to do harm is .

Question 62

The taking of cash or other goods from a person by force or fear is .

Question 63

The chief law enforcement officer in most counties is the --.

Question 64

The growing prison population is an unanticipated consequence of laws.

Question 65

is the most common correctional sanction.

Question 66

can be defined as the ability of individuals in the criminal justice system to make operational decisions based on personal judgment.

Question 67

A public order crime is sometimes referred to as a crime.

Question 68

Illegal acts carried out by illegal organizations describes .

Question 69

The most frequent type of release from jail or prison is by .

Question 70

Probation and halfway houses are forms of corrections.

Question 71

The interlocking network designed to enforce criminal laws and protect society from criminal behavior is known as the .

Question 72

The is responsible for the policing public highways and freeways.

Question 73

Stealing of property not accomplished by force is .

Question 74

A is a behavior that is punishable under criminal law as an offense against society as a whole that can
result in the loss of the offender's liberty or life.

Question 75

The text defines as the unlawful killing of a human being.

Question 76

A model of the criminal justice system that recognizes the informal authority exercised by individuals at each step of the criminal justice process is called the .

Question 77

In the crime control model must be counted on to control criminal activity.

Question 78

The model places primary emphasis on the right of society to be protected from crime and violent criminals.

Question 79

A form of government in which a written constitution provides for a division of powers between state and federal government is .

Question 80

Illegal drug use appears to be in the United States,particularly among young people .