Deck 4: Police

Question 1

Police officers in the United States generally have a higher level of education today than in the past.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Refocusing attention on crime control and away from maintaining order did more than anything else to change the nature of American policing during Professional Model Era.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Traffic units are responsible for identifying and apprehending suspects, as well as collecting evidence against them.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The professional model of policing places a high value on the use of technology.

Question 5

Police officers have considerable discretion.

Question 6

In the United States, the growth of cities led to pressures to modernize law enforcement.

Question 7

Public support for police budgets is greatest when police departments stress the service function.

Question 8

Municipal police departments usually pay higher salaries than positions in federal agencies.

Question 9

Advocates of the community policing approach believe in focusing on only the most serious crimes, in order to avoid infringing the liberty of community members.

Question 10

Federal law enforcement agencies in the United States are part of the legislative branch of government.

Question 11

Native American tribes are separate, sovereign nations with a significant degree of legal autonomy within the United States.

Question 12

Since September 11, 2001, the shift towards homeland security has gained support from traditional law enforcement.

Question 13

After September 11, 2001, an increased focus on fighting terrorism at the national level has shifted the government's funding priorities for law enforcement and led to reorganization of federal agencies.

Question 14

Most police organizations are organized hierarchically, in a fashion similar to military organizations.

Question 15

Detectives were the first official law enforcement positions created in the expanding western rural areas.

Question 16

Increasing the number of patrol officers in a given area has been found to significantly reduce the crime rate in that area.

Question 17

Research indicates that citizen attitudes toward the police are largely independent of race.

Question 18

The watchman style of policing stresses order maintenance.

Question 19

Supporters of the community policing model approach urge greater use of foot and bike patrol so that officers will become known to citizens.

Question 20

Physical conditioning tests for police officers are no longer standard, as they are considered a form of discrimination.

Question 21

Forty percent of police officers in the United States today are a member of a racial or ethnic minority group.

Question 22

Most citizens have positive things to say about the work of female police officers.

Question 23

Suburban middle-class communities often experience the legalistic style of policing.

Question 24

The governmental agency responsible for federal court security and apprehending fugitives is the:

A) U.S.Marshals.
B) municipal officers.
C) sheriff.
D) Secret Service.
E) FBI agent.

Question 25

Auxiliary officers have saved some municipalities, such as Los Angeles, a great deal of money.

Question 26

The FBI and DEA are examples of federal law enforcement agencies.

Question 27

The practice of assigning individuals to night duty so as to warn the public of crime was called the:

A) duty system.
B) slave system.
C) chain system.
D) routine patrol system.
E) watch system.

Question 28

The political era of policing was characterized by which of the following?

A) hiring of officers through connections to elected officials
B) civil service selection of officers
C) equal opportunity for minority officers
D) the introduction of automobile patrol and two-way radios
E) urban riots

Question 29

The use of auxiliary volunteer officers has decreased over the past decade.

Question 30

The use of volunteers as auxiliary officers has decreased over the past decade.

Question 31

Police forces throughout the United States are characterized by:

A) consolidation and a national orientation.
B) consolidation and a local orientation.
C) fragmentation and a national orientation.
D) fragmentation and a local orientation.
E) none of above.

Question 32

"Rookies" require little socialization into the police subculture.

Question 33

In homage to the home secretary who supported passage of the act creating the London police force, the first English police officers were known as:

A) berts.
B) sir.
C) robbers.
D) bobbies.
E) peelers.

Question 34

The law enforcement official, which was created for the enforcement of rural areas as well as maintaining the country jails, is called the:

A) sheriff.
B) chief.
C) chief law enforcement officer.
D) warrant officer.
E) shire reeve.

Question 35

The medieval English system in which groups of families agreed to uphold the law, keep order, and bring violators, to court was known as:

A) tithing.
B) the watch system.
C) the hue and cry.
D) the frankpledge.
E) familia.

Question 36

Which historical era of policing involved close ties between police and local leaders of government?

A) the political era
B) the professional era
C) the reform era
D) the federalist era
E) the community policing era

Question 37

Henry Fielding organized a group of "thief takers" to pursue and arrest law breakers, which became known as:

A) the Bow Street Runners.
B) the New England Runners.
C) Henry and John's Police Department.
D) the Fielding Brother's Volunteer Group.
E) the Amateur Police Force.

Question 38

The nature of police work can make officers very suspicious of citizens whom they encounter.

Question 39

The use of auxiliary officers by police departments is viewed as a positive development by all.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is NOT consistent with the model of professional policing?

A) Laws should be enforced equally.
B) The main task of the police should be fighting crime.
C) Police forces should be actively involved in politics.
D) Police forces should use new technology.
E) Personnel procedures should be based on merit.

Question 41

The police function involving a broad mandate to prevent behavior that disturbs the peace or involves face-to-face conflict is called:

A) order maintenance.
B) service.
C) community measures.
D) peace enforcement.
E) departmental order.

Question 42

When police arrest subway fare-beaters, loiterers, and panhandlers, they are focusing on:

A) mens rea crimes.
B) common law crimes.
C) quality of life crimes.
D) quantity of arrest crimes.
E) felonies.

Question 43

Which federal program was designed to provide training and financial incentives for college graduates to work as local police officers?

A) U.S.Police Incentive Corp
B) U.S.Police Operations Initiative
C) Police Corps
D) Police Education Commission
E) U.S.Police Incentive Corps

Question 44

According to the theory of broken windows, police should focus more on:

A) fighting crime by concentrating resources on the most important offenders.
B) being more involved with local political leaders.
C) ending corruption within the police force.
D) maintaining order by being attentive to "little problems."
E) using the newest technologies to catch criminals.

Question 45

The set of emotional and behavioral characteristics developed by members of an occupational group in response to a work situation and environmental influences is known as:

A) working personality.
B) subculture.
C) adaptive personality.
D) authoritative personality.
E) socialization.

Question 46

Law enforcement certification involves completing coursework in all of the following areas EXCEPT:

A) psychology.
B) police procedures.
C) use of weapons.
D) politics.
E) law.

Question 47

Which of the following statements about women in policing is TRUE?

A) Some people still believe that women are not tough enough to confront dangerous criminals.
B) Female officers tend to view the police role differently from male officers.
C) Most women in police work have not met the expectations of their superiors.
D) Smaller police departments generally have a higher proportion of women who are sworn officers.
E) Women have been serving as police officers since the early 1900s.

Question 48

Which of the following tests must recruits pass to become a police officer?

A) physical exam
B) fitness test
C) written test
D) background check
E) all of these

Question 49

Which of the following would be an example of a special geographic agency?

A) university police
B) airport officer
C) park police
D) conservation officer
E) all of the above

Question 50

The police subculture is comprised of four key components, which include all of following EXCEPT:

A) stress.
B) religious practice.
C) morality.
D) working personality.
E) attitude.

Question 51

The symbols, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of a subgroup within a larger society are collectively referred to as a:

A) subculture.
B) subprofessionals.
C) subcommunity.
D) subwork.
E) suboccupation.

Question 52

Which of the following areas is NOT an emphasis of the FBI?

A) vandalism
B) political corruption
C) organized crime
D) foreign intelligence
E) terrorism

Question 53

The Federal Bureau of Investigation rose to prominence under the leadership of:

A) Henry Fielding.
B) Franklin Roosevelt.
C) Sir Robert Peel.
D) James Q.Wilson.
E) J.Edgar Hoover.

Question 54

The police function of controlling crime by intervening in situations when the law has been violated and the police must apprehend the guilty person is called:

A) community measures.
B) order maintenance.
C) service.
D) law enforcement.
E) departmental order.

Question 55

The process in which members learn the symbols, beliefs, and values of a group is known as:

A) socialization.
B) spiritualization.
C) acquisition.
D) working personality.
E) internal affairs.

Question 56

Law enforcement agencies include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) sheriff's departments.
B) NCDOC.
C) federal agencies.
D) municipal departments.
E) federal bureau of prisons.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a type of stress experienced by police officers?

A) personal
B) operational
C) organization
D) departmental
E) external

Question 58

The federal government created this organization to increase law enforcement involvement within communities by offering grants and support to agencies.

A) Office of the Community
B) COPS office
C) Office of Community Involvement
D) Office of Community Cops
E) Office of Community Concerns

Question 59

Which two elements of police work define the working personality?

A) danger and isolation
B) authority and isolation
C) isolation and independence
D) danger and authority
E) danger and independence

Question 60

Scholars have determined that officer stress is increased due to which of the following?

A) contract negotiations
B) a promotion
C) work-family conflict
D) relaxation
E) none of the above

Question 61

Most mid to large departments will frequently have units such as vice, homicide, juvenile, and plainclothes officers, a system of organization referred to as:

A) chain of command.
B) operations.
C) specialized units.
D) bureaucracy.
E) compartmentalization.

Question 62

Units within local police departments that deploy officers, often in plainclothes if not assigned to the traffic unit, who are dedicated to a specific task are known as:

A) swat units.
B) special units.
C) enforcement units.
D) military units.
E) all of these.

Question 63

Which is NOT one of the historical periods of American policing?

A) colonial
B) Wild West
C) professional
D) early Republic
E) political

Question 64

Federal agencies typically look for college graduates and often require special skills such as:

A) "people" skills.
B) drawing and artistic abilities.
C) public speaking.
D) work in construction as a laborer.
E) foreign languages.

Question 65

According to public opinion polls, which police function do citizens believe is most important?

A) service
B) community action
C) departmental
D) order maintenance
E) law enforcement

Question 66

What were the major recommendations of the Progressive reformers?

A) The police should be removed from politics.
B) ​Merit should be the basis for career advancement.
C) The law should be enforced equally.
D) Police should be well trained.
E) All of the above.

Question 67

When authority is divided into specialized units that have particular functions to allow for the most efficient departmental regulation is the definition of:

A) element.
B) operational unit.
C) bureaucracy.
D) division of labor.
E) chain of command.

Question 68

Which category of officer is fewer in number in 2007 than in 1993?

A) African American
B) white
C) Hispanic
D) female
E) none of the above

Question 69

Which of James Q.Wilson's styles of policing is marked by professionalism and emphasis on law enforcement?

A) watchman
B) progressive
C) authoritarian
D) service
E) legalistic

Question 70

The idea that crime control does not rest solely with the police is in line with the concept of:

A) the service function of police.
B) public discretion.
C) police political involvement.
D) community crime prevention.
E) mandatory arrest laws.

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the service style of policing?

A) different treatment for different individuals
B) discreet and informal procedures
C) issuing of warnings
D) strict enforcement of laws
E) common in middle-class suburban communities

Question 72

The U.S.Marine Corps base at Quantico, Virginia, is home to the training academies for new special agents in the:

A) ATF&E.
B) state department security detail.
C) DEA.
D) customs.
E) border patrol and border protection.

Question 73

_______________________ are characterized by a division of labor, a chain of command, and rules to guide the activities of staff.

A) Beats
B) Subcultures
C) Police officers
D) Bureaucracies
E) Jurisdictions

Question 74

The focus of intelligence-led policing is:

A) building strong community relations.
B) the prevention of crime.
C) the creation of a diverse force.
D) the recruitment of intelligent cadets.
E) the ​solving of crime.

Question 75

Which of the following is a characteristic of watchman style of policing?

A) sometimes produces discrimination
B) ignoring minor violations of the law
C) make arrest for flagrant violations
D) broad discretionary ability
E) all of these

Question 76

The Progressives were a political movement who were especially influential:

A) during World War II.
B) in the early 1900s.
C) before the Civil War.
D) in the 1960s.
E) during the colonial period.

Question 77

Which of the following is a prerequisite to apply for work as a police officer?

A) played on a high school sports team
B) be knowledgeable of police procedures
C) have a relative who worked on the police force
D) pass a polygraph test
E) have extensive firearm training

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite to apply for work as a police officer?

A) pass a polygraph test
B) possess a valid driver's license
C) meet certain age requirement
D) be physically fit
E) pass a firearm use test

Question 79

Police officers who provide first aid, rescue animals, or help the homeless are fulfilling which of the following police functions?

A) law enforcement
B) community action
C) departmental
D) service
E) order maintenance

Question 80

Which of the following was NOT a feature of American policing inherited from England?

A) organizational fragmentation
B) community involvement
C) local control
D) limited authority
E) tithing