Deck 10: The High Middle Ages: Vitality and Renewal

Question 1

Which best explains why the Christian Church became the largest property owner in the cities?

A)Most cities were built on Church lands.
B)The Church had always been a predominantly urban institution: pagan originally meant country dwellers.
C)To balance the rising power of townspeople, the nobles often reserved large tracts of land in the town for the clergy.
D)Businessmen made large contributions to the Church out of guilt for pursuing wealth.
E)The Church actively bought up city plots as a lucrative investment.

Answer 1

Businessmen made large contributions to the Church out of guilt for pursuing wealth.

Question 2

A serf who emigrated to a town

A)was usually legally free once he had lived there for one year and one day.
B)would generally be seized by the authorities and returned to his lord.
C)was usually legally free once he had lived there for ten years.
D)had to register with a new lord.
E)usually became a successful craftsperson.

Answer 2

was usually legally free once he had lived there for one year and one day.

Question 3

Towns proved to be revolutionary in medieval Europe because they

A)fostered a new values system.
B)undermined manorialism.
C)created a new class.
D)formed new self-governing communities.
E)All of these

Answer 3

All of these

Question 4

Increased grain production led to

A)less starvation and disease.
B)more milk, meat, and manure.
C)population increase.
D)more possibilities for trade and the revival of town life.
E)All of these

Question 5

Royal power accrued to the English king with each of the following except

A)establishing common law.
B)gaining control over taxation.
C)the Battle of Hastings.
D)the Domesday Book.
E)a competent financial administration, the Exchequer.

Question 6

During the Early Middle Ages, the limited foreign trade of Western Europe was handled mainly by

A)the Dutch and the Italians.
B)Jews and Italians.
C)Jews and Arabs.
D)Arabs and Byzantines.
E)None of these

Question 7

The High Middle Ages roughly correspond to the years

A)500-1050.
B)700-1100.
C)1050-1300.
D)900-1300.
E)1100-1300.

Question 8

At the end of the eleventh century Europe showed all the signs of recovery except

A)one centralized government.
B)increased agricultural production.
C)reappearance of towns and revival of trade.
D)improved technology.
E)campaigns against Europe's neighbors.

Question 9

What was the attitude of lords to peasants opening wastelands to cultivation?

A)They discouraged it for fear of a drain on labor available to them.
B)They encouraged it by replacing personal service with rents in exchange for moving to new lands.
C)They confiscated newly opened land from peasants and enserfed them.
D)They encouraged it by offering to buy the land from the peasants once it was improved.
E)They remained indifferent since it was not a new phenomenon.

Question 10

Which of the following was the most important trend in government during the High Middle Ages?

A)The movement towards the creation of a unified Respublica Christiana
B)Greater decentralization within feudalism
C)The growing power and authority of kings
D)The establishment of autocracies
E)The emergence of democracies, especially in the cities

Question 11

Factors contributing to the expansion of trade in the High Middle Ages includes all the following except

A)the clearing of Muslim fleets from the Mediterranean.
B)the organization of international fairs.
C)increased population provided more consumers.
D)compasses and improved sails.
E)Waldensians.

Question 12

All of the following technological innovations increased European agricultural productivity in the Middle Ages except

A)a new heavy plow.
B)introduction of the horseshoe and horse collar.
C)the three-field system of sowing.
D)introduction of oxen for pulling plows.
E)the widening use of the water mill and the introduction of the wind mill.

Question 13

The largest cities in Europe in the High Middle Ages had populations of around

A)10,000.
B)50,000.
C)100,000.
D)500,000.
E)1,000,000.

Question 14

Advances in business techniques in the High Middle Ages included all of the following except

A)insurance for cargoes.
B)bills of exchange.
C)double-entry book-keeping.
D)limited-liability corporations.
E)commercial law.

Question 15

The majority of townspeople in medieval Europe were

A)the patrician elite.
B)guild members in lucrative trades.
C)guild members in ordinary trades.
D)journeymen and apprentices.
E)the unskilled and the unemployed.

Question 16

Guilds performed all the following functions except

A)ensure fair prices.
B)encourage competition.
C)extend aid to needy guild members and their families.
D)foster a sense of community among members through joint activities such as religious processions.
E)ensure the production of high quality products.

Question 17

The new outlook developed among the townspeople of the High Middle Ages included a

A)shift away from Christian otherworldliness.
B)new respect for manual labor and trade.
C)revived civic spirit reminiscent of active citizenship in Greco-Roman times.
D)growing interest in secular education.
E)All of these

Question 18

Compared to the ancient world, European agricultural technology at the end of the thirteenth century was

A)still far behind.
B)lagging but improving.
C)roughly on the same level.
D)somewhat more advanced.
E)far superior.

Question 19

The principle export of northern Europe to Italy and the Mediterranean in the High Middle Ages was

A)cheese.
B)lumber.
C)pig iron.
D)wool.
E)finished goods.

Question 20

Bills of exchange

A)permitted damaged goods to be replaced with other goods of equal value.
B)facilitated currency conversion.
C)were cash payments by insurers to replace damaged goods.
D)created credit.
E)regulated tax collection.

Question 21

The Crusades resulted in all the following except

A)an intellectual revolution sparked by contact with Muslim scholars.
B)literature based on Crusading.
C)accelerated the decline of feudalism and the strengthening of monarchical power.
D)an increased curiosity about geography and interest in travel.
E)new food, architecture, and clothing in Europe.

Question 22

The Magna Carta was forced on an English king by

A)the common people.
B)the Church hierarchy.
C)the nobles.
D)a general church council.
E)the patricians of London.

Question 23

The medieval Church regarded heretics as all the following except

A)traitors against a God.
B)mistaken individuals who required guidance since all error is due to ignorance.
C)dangerous individuals who undermined society.
D)people who deserved death because they were aligned with Satan.
E)rebels against clerical authority.

Question 24

During the High Middle Ages, the Catholic Church

A)enjoyed growing devotion from the common people.
B)experienced reform movements attacking clerical abuses.
C)attempted to shape secular institution and culture in general.
D)stirred passion for the Crusades.
E)All of these

Question 25

The original impetus to the great increase in papal power during the High Middle Ages was the

A)drive of bishops to increase their wealth.
B)ambition of the Holy Roman Emperors to use the Papacy to recreate the Roman Empire.
C)Concordat of Worms.
D)emergence of a reform movement criticizing Church corruption and moral laxity.
E)revival of trade and the rise of a new class: townspeople.

Question 26

From the 1200s on, a safe generalization would be that compared to English kings, French kings had

A)fewer legal limitations on their power but more difficulty keeping their realms united.
B)more legal limitations on their power, but less difficulties keeping their realms united.
C)fewer legal limitations on their power and less difficulty keeping their realms united.
D)more legal limitations on their power and more difficulty keeping their realms united.
E)roughly the same powers.

Question 27

The French kings increased the power of the monarchy through

A)insisting that what at one point had been an elected office would become hereditary.
B)striking against English kings who held French lands.
C)using their good reputation to issue decrees without the consent of vassals.
D)devising new taxes and creating a royal judicial system.
E)All of these

Question 28

Which generalization about parliaments does not correspond to historical reality?

A)Parliaments became a common institution throughout medieval Europe.
B)Medieval parliaments were the ancestors of today's representative, constitutional governments.
C)Representative parliaments are unique to Western Civilization.
D)Medieval parliaments demonstrate that medieval king did not have the absolute power of a Roman emperor.
E)Parliaments were unique to England.

Question 29

Each of the following statements about France's Estates General is true except

A)the Estates General was a national assembly.
B)members represented three estates (classes) in society: clergy, nobility, and townspeople.
C)the Estates General was initially called as a demonstration of support for the king in his struggle with the pope.
D)the institution voted funds for the king.
E)the Estates General developed into a check on royal power in the Middle Ages.

Question 30

The Magna Carta is historically significant because it

A)reflected the growing literacy in Europe.
B)established the English Parliament.
C)created a democracy in medieval England.
D)contained principles that, over time, would develop privileges for the elite into basic civil rights.
E)ended feudalism and manorial in England.

Question 31

An issue in the Investiture Controversy was the

A)rule of the Holy Roman Emperor in Sicily.
B)right of secular rulers to appoint and confirm bishops in their offices.
C)debate between medieval scholars about nominalism and realism.
D)Franciscan brothers' preaching of poverty.
E)role of the Church in the new commercial revolution.

Question 32

Each of the following statements about the medieval English Parliament is true except

A)one of the sources of the Parliament was the king's advisory group, the Great Council.
B)in frequent need of funds, the king was forced to frequently turn to the Parliament.
C)the medieval English Parliament included representatives of the clergy, nobility, townspeople, and peasants.
D)the Parliament came to include two parts: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
E)with time, law in England could not be made without Parliament's consent.

Question 33

Which best describes the Papacy in the tenth century?

A)The Papacy had absolute control over European society.
B)The Papacy was very worldly, dominated by aristocratic families and exercised very weak authority over European society.
C)The Papacy joined the monasteries in separating itself for the world and pursuing spiritual purity.
D)The Papacy played a major role in the prosperous Carolingian empire.
E)The Pope in Rome had officially broken with Church authorities in Constantinople.

Question 34

The career of Saladin demonstrates

A)the retreat of Muslim forces from Palestine.
B)moderation towards a defeated, cruel enemy.
C)the ferocity when Seljuk Turks met the Muslim leader.
D)the advances that could be achieved when the papal legate had an audience with him.
E)boundless religious fanaticism.

Question 35

How did the Crusades begin?

A)The Byzantines lost control of the Holy Land in 1071 and appealed for help from their fellow Christians in the West.
B)At the Council of Clermont in France, Pope Urban II appealed for help to defend Eastern Christianity from the Turks.
C)Dissatisfied with their lot in live, masses of peasants decided to seek a better life in the land where Christ lived dies and rose again.
D)The Muslim laid siege to Constantinople and the western powers came to their fellow Christians' aid.
E)Shortly after the final split between Catholics and the Orthodox, the Pope called for a holy war against the heretics.

Question 36

The most important reason why Germany was not unified in the Middle Ages under a strong government was

A)German intervention in Italy and the papacy.
B)the bishops' resistance to expanded royal powers.
C)the opposition of dukes who did want to lose their own independence.
D)strong pressure from France in the west.
E)German colonization in the east.

Question 37

Resolved by the Concordat of Worms, the Investiture Controversy indicates that

A)the Pope believed he was appointed by God.
B)the Emperor (king) thought he got his authority from God.
C)bishops played important administrative role in addition to their pastoral work.
D)neither Church nor the state was powerful enough to permanently dominate the other in Europe.
E)All of these

Question 38

Which of the following was not part of Europe's successful territorial expansion in the Middle Ages?

A)Most of Spain was regained from the Muslims.
B)Permanent Crusader states were established in the Holy Land.
C)Normans seized Sicily and Sardinia from the Muslims.
D)Germans conquered pagan Balts and Slavs along the Baltic Sea.
E)Normans seized southern Italy from the Byzantines.

Question 39

When the Church dispensed a sacrament, it

A)claimed to endow the recipient with divine grace.
B)was usually administered through papal encyclicals.
C)assured the recipient would go to heaven if he died.
D)often was administered by lay people.
E)charged a set fee.

Question 40

On their way to the Holy Land, many Crusaders

A)massacred Jews in the Rhineland.
B)were killed in Hungary.
C)raided towns outside Constantinople.
D)were sold into slavery.
E)All of these

Question 41

Which area was least touched by the Crusades?

A)Near East
B)Spain
C)Ukraine
D)Baltic
E)Southern France

Question 42

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Parliament

Question 43

The foremost Jewish scholar of the Middle Ages was

A)Salah al-din Yusuf.
B)Peter Waldo.
C)Phillip Augustus.
D)Simon de Montfort.
E)Maimonides.

Question 44

In the Middle Ages various popes used which of the following to subordinate kings to their will?

A)Excommunication
B)The interdict
C)Homage
D)Decrees
E)All of these

Question 45

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
cardinals

Question 46

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Concordat of Worms

Question 47

Little Brothers were individuals who

A)closely obeyed the dictates of Innocent III.
B)were followers of Saint Francis.
C)tried to protect the children on the Children's Crusade.
D)spread the message of Cluny during the Investiture Controversy.
E)assisted parish priests; they are sometime known as deacons.

Question 48

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Investiture Controversy

Question 49

Attitudes toward the Jewish community in medieval Europe were predicated upon the belief that

A)all Jews for all time were guilty of deicide.
B)Jews practiced ritual killing of Christian children.
C)Jews deserved punishment for their recalcitrance in resisting conversion to Christianity.
D)Jews were a visibly alien group that practiced moneylending, which was a sin.
E)All of these

Question 50

Which of the following statements is false? The Fourth Lateran Council in 1215

A)established the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception (Mary, the Mother of God, was conceived without sin).
B)declared that the Orthodox Church is subordinate to the Catholic Church and that any law detrimental to the Church is null and void.
C)decreed that the body and blood of Christ are present in communion (bread and wine in the Mass).
D)required that each person confess and do penance at least once a year.
E)declared that the clergy cannot be taxed.

Question 51

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
sacraments

Question 52

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
shire, sheriff

Question 53

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Domesday Book

Question 54

Views commonly associated with heresy in the Middle Ages included

A)challenges to ecclesiastical authority.
B)criticism of clerical immorality.
C)a desire to return to the simpler and purer life of Jesus.
D)opposition to the use of Latin in Church services.
E)All of these

Question 55

Saint Francis of Assisi and his followers avoided being condemned as heretics because they

A)did not practice radical poverty.
B)respected clerical authority and acknowledged the sacraments.
C)isolated themselves from the general population.
D)did not teach about Christ.
E)became the chief force behind the Inquisition.

Question 56

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
excommunication

Question 57

Which of the following groups believed that there was an eternal struggle between the evil God of the Old Testament and the good God of the New Testament, that the soul was trapped in a corrupt world, and that all products of sexual activity (cheese, meat, etc) should be avoided?

A)Waldensians
B)Cathari
C)Franciscans
D)Dominicans
E)Adamites

Question 58

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
parlement

Question 59

Which of the following statement about the Middle Ages is inaccurate?

A)Lords and kings periodically expelled Jews in order to confiscate their property.
B)The Church taught that Jews should not be harmed.
C)Many Christians believed it a duty to wage war against non-Christians.
D)Organized attacks against Jews ended during the First Crusade when thousands of Jews were killed by Crusaders on their way to the Holy Land.
E)Some blamed the Black Death on the Jews.

Question 60

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Respublica Christiana

Question 61

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
deicide

Question 62

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Inquisition

Question 63

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
What major social changes were underway in Europe after 1000?

Question 64

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Crusade

Question 65

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Locate three of the following: the home of St.Francis of Assisi, the home of Peter Waldo, the original home of Catharism, the site of the crusade against the Cathari (1208-1229), and the home of St.Dominic.

Question 66

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Locate and clearly label the following centers of trade in the High Middle Ages: Champagne, Constantinople, Flanders, and Italy.

Question 67

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cathari

Question 68

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Explain the evolution of the Catholic Church as an institution in the High Middle Ages.

Question 69

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Explain the commercial revolution of the High Middle Ages and its consequences.

Question 70

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Discuss the nature of the quarrel between Pope Gregory VII and the Emperor Henry IV.Over what issue did the quarrel take its most serious turn?

Question 71

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Write an essay comparing the development of England and France as centralized states.

Question 72

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Explain the agricultural advances of the High Middle Ages and their consequences.

Question 73

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
Provide a short history and explanation of the Crusades, both those with a capital "C' and those with a small "c."

Question 74

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Show the approximate route of the Crusades to the Near East.Indicate at least two other areas subject to crusades.

Question 75

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question.
The Roman Empire thrived and fell under an autocracy.Medieval Europe followed a different political path.Explain that direction.

Question 76

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Waldensians

Question 77

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
heresy

Question 78

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cluny

Question 79

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

-Draw in the approximate borders of the Holy Roman Empire in 1200.On the same map, locate and label the Holy Roman Empire's neighbors: the Kingdoms of Denmark, France, Hungary, and Poland.

Question 80

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Draw in the approximate borders of the Holy Roman Empire in 1200.On the same map, draw in Charlemagne's Empire and the Roman Empire at its height.Clearly label all three.