Deck 8: Structure and Function of the Shoulder Complex

Question 1

What muscle group produces downward rotation of the scapula?

A)Serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius
B)Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius
C)Levator scapulae, pectoralis minor, rhomboids
D)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae

Answer 1

Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius

Question 2

What are the arthrokinematics of the clavicle as the lateral end elevates?

A)Convex surface rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly
B)Convex surface rolls and glides inferiorly
C)Convex surface rolls inferiorly and glides superiorly
D)Convex surface rolls and glides superiorly

Answer 2

Convex surface rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly

Question 3

What motion occurs at the glenohumeral joint when reaching across the body?

A)Adduction in the frontal plane
B)Horizontal abduction in the horizontal plane
C)Abduction in the frontal plane
D)Horizontal adduction in the horizontal plane

Answer 3

Horizontal adduction in the horizontal plane

Question 4

Which of the following definitions describes the angle of inclination of the humerus?

A)Humeral head rotated 30° posterior to shaft in the horizontal plane
B)Angle of 100°-110° between shaft and humeral head of the humerus in the frontal plane
C)Humeral head rotated 30° anterior to shaft in the horizontal plane
D)Angle of 130°-150° between shaft and humeral head of the humerus in the frontal plane

Question 5

With the shoulder placed in a position of 90° of abduction, what is the typical range of motion for glenohumeral rotation?

A)70° lateral rotation, 90° medial rotation
B)90° lateral and medial rotation
C)90° lateral rotation, 70° medial rotation
D)70° lateral and medial rotation

Question 6

What indicators BEST describe scapulohumeral rhythm?

A)Beyond 10° of glenohumeral abduction and 30° of flexion, for every 3° of movement, 1° of movement occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 2° at the scapulothoracic joint.
B)As movement begins at the glenohumeral joint, for every 3° of movement, 2° of movement occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 1° at the scapulothoracic joint.
C)As movement begins at the glenohumeral joint, for every 3° of movement, 1° of movement occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 2° at the scapulothoracic joint.
D)Beyond 30° of glenohumeral abduction and 60° of flexion, for every 3° of movement, 2° of movement occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 1° at the scapulothoracic joint.

Question 7

What motion must occur to achieve an overhead reach with the arm of 180°?

A)Scapular downward rotation
B)Humeral medial rotation
C)Humeral extension
D)Scapular upward rotation

Question 8

What is the function of the glenoid labrum?

A)Increases stability of humeral head in joint, provides attachment for long head of biceps brachii
B)Increases joint mobility, provides attachment for both bicep muscles
C)Increases stability of humeral head in joint, provides attachment for heads of long and short biceps
D)Increases joint mobility, provides attachment for all heads of the triceps

Question 9

Which of the following structures occupy the subacromial space?

A)Coracohumeral ligament, humeral bursa, supraspinatus tendon
B)Subacromial bursa, rotator cuff tendons, long head of triceps tendon
C)Acromioclavicular ligament, bursa, infraspinatus tendon
D)Subacromial bursa, rotator cuff tendons, long head of biceps tendon

Question 10

How does scapular rotation contribute to full range of motion glenohumeral abduction?

A)Maintains optimal length/tension ratio of middle deltoid and supraspinatus
B)Stretches middle deltoid and supraspinatus to their maximal length
C)Reduces subacromial space
D)Increases compression on supraspinatus tendon

Question 11

Which of the following bony structures form the shoulder complex?

A)Clavicle, scapula, humerus
B)Humerus, scapula
C)Sternum, clavicle, scapula, humerus
D)Humerus, clavicle, sternum

Question 12

What is the typical vertebral level of the posterolateral scapula?

A)T1-T12
B)C7-T5
C)T2-T7
D)C7-T10

Question 13

What muscle group produces upward scapular rotation?

A)Serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius
B)Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius
C)Levator scapulae, pectoralis minor, rhomboids
D)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae

Question 14

What arthrokinematic motion occurs during glenohumeral extension?

A)Humeral head rolls inferiorly and glides superiorly
B)Humeral head rolls superiorly and glides superiorly
C)Humeral head rolls superiorly and glides inferiorly
D)Humeral head rolls inferiorly and glides inferiorly

Question 15

What are the arthrokinematics of the glenohumeral joint during medial rotation?

A)Rolls anteriorly and slides posteriorly
B)Rolls and slides anteriorly
C)Rolls posteriorly and slides anteriorly
D)Rolls and slides posteriorly

Question 16

What is the major function of the acromioclavicular joint?

A)Stabilizes scapula during arm movement to maintain static position of the scapula
B)Stabilizes scapula on thoracic wall
C)Rotates scapula during arm movement to keep humeral head and glenoid fossa aligned
D)Rotates humerus on scapula

Question 17

Which definition BEST describes clavicle protraction?

A)30° of posterior movement of lateral clavicle, medial clavicle slides anteriorly
B)15°-20° of anterior movement of lateral clavicle, medial clavicle slides anteriorly
C)30° of anterior movement of lateral clavicle, medial clavicle slides anteriorly
D)15°-20° of posterior movement of lateral clavicle, medial clavicle slides anteriorly

Question 18

Which of the following bony landmarks is formed by the scapular spine as it flattens at its lateral end?

A)Acromion process
B)Supraspinous fossa
C)Coracoid process
D)Infraspinous fossa

Question 19

What motion at the sternoclavicular joint is coupled with scapular upward rotation?

A)Anterior rotation of clavicle
B)Elevation of medial clavicle
C)Posterior rotation of clavicle
D)Depression of lateral clavicle

Question 20

What humeral motion must occur to achieve the maximal range of motion for glenohumeral abduction?

A)20° of flexion
B)Lateral rotation
C)20° of extension
D)Medial rotation

Question 21

Which of the following muscles produce scapular elevation?

A)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae
B)Lower trapezius, pectoralis minor
C)Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius
D)Middle trapezius, rhomboids

Question 22

What is the function of the anterior fibers of the deltoid muscle at the glenohumeral joint?

A)Extension, horizontal adduction, assist with lateral rotation
B)Abduction
C)Flexion, horizontal adduction, assist with medial rotation
D)Adduction

Question 23

As shown in the image, what scapular muscle(s) is(are) most likely weak?

A)Rhomboids
B)Serratus anterior
C)Latissimus dorsi
D)Lower trapezius

Question 24

Which muscle(s) produces(produce) scapular protraction during a prone push-up?

A)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae
B)Latissimus dorsi
C)Rhomboids, lower trapezius
D)Serratus anterior

Question 25

Which of the following muscles produce scapular depression?

A)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae
B)Lower trapezius, pectoralis minor
C)Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius
D)Middle trapezius, rhomboids

Question 26

When the pectoralis major muscle functions as a single unit, what motions does it produce at the glenohumeral joint?

A)Extension, abduction, lateral rotation
B)Horizontal abduction, adduction, lateral rotation
C)Extension, adduction, medial rotation
D)Horizontal adduction, adduction, medial rotation

Question 27

Which of the following muscles compresses the humeral head into the glenoid fossa and produces superior roll of the humeral head during shoulder abduction?

A)Supraspinatus
B)Teres minor
C)Infraspinatus
D)Subscapularis

Question 28

A person sitting in a wheelchair places the arms on the armrests to lift the pelvis off the seat of the chair.Which of the following muscles elevate the pelvis off the seat surface?

A)Upper trapezius, levator scapulae
B)Lower trapezius, pectoralis minor
C)Latissimus dorsi, lower trapezius
D)Middle trapezius, rhomboids

Question 29

What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi at the glenohumeral joint during open-chain activities?

A)Extension, abduction, lateral rotation
B)Flexion, abduction, lateral rotation
C)Extension, adduction, medial rotation
D)Flexion, adduction, medial rotation

Question 30

What proximal scapular attachment of the long head of the biceps allows it to pull the humeral head inferiorly during shoulder elevation?

A)Supraglenoid tubercle
B)Coracoid process
C)Infraglenoid tubercle
D)Scapular spine

Question 31

Which muscle(s) initiates(initiate) glenohumeral abduction?

A)Middle deltoid
B)Supraspinatus
C)Anterior and middle deltoid
D)Infraspinatus

Question 32

What is the function of the infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis during shoulder elevation?

A)Abduct the humerus
B)Glide humeral head superiorly
C)Flex the humerus
D)Glide humeral head inferiorly

Question 33

What is the function of the sternocostal portion of the pectoralis muscle from a fully flexed position of the glenohumeral joint?

A)Extension
B)Lateral rotation
C)Abduction
D)Medial rotation