Deck 22: An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

Question 1

Please define the following key terms.
Sevastopol

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

How did Napoleon III respond to mounting opposition in the 1860s? How successful was he in maintaining power and control? How did his foreign policy contribute to the unification of Italy and Germany

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Compare and contrast Cavour and Garibaldi's vision of a united Italy, as well as Bismarck's goal of a unified Germany. What steps did Cavour, Garibaldi, and Bismarck take to bring about unification in Italy and Germany?

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Please define the following key terms.
Florence Nightingale

Question 5

How did Marx explain historical change? How did he apply his theory of historical change to the times in which he lived?

Question 6

Why was slavery a threat to American unity in the mid-nineteenth century?

Question 7

Please define the following key terms.
Crimean War

Question 8

What were the consequences of the emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861? What were the limits of their newly acquired freedom?

Question 9

How would you explain Britain's relative political stability in the second half of the nineteenth century?

Question 10

Please define the following key terms.
Mexico and Emperor Maximilian

Question 11

Please define the following key terms.
Napoleon III

Question 12

How did the Austrians deal with the problem of Hungarian nationalism in the aftermath of defeat in the Austro-Prussian War?

Question 13

Please define the following key terms.
Realpolitik

Question 14

What were the causes and consequences of the Crimean War?

Question 15

How did the role of science in society change over the course of the nineteenth century?

Question 16

Please define the following key terms.
Piedmont and the House of Savoy

Question 17

How did Realism differ from Romanticism? How was Realism a reflection of the economic and social realities of Europe during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?

Question 18

Please define the following key terms.
Ottoman Empire

Question 19

Please define the following key terms.
Count Camillo di Cavour

Question 20

Discuss the reform efforts in Great Britain, Russia and the Austrian Empire from 1850 to 1870. How successful were they?

Question 21

Please define the following key terms.
Karl Marx

Question 22

Please define the following key terms.
mir

Question 23

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Benjamin Disraeli

Question 24

Please define the following key terms.
Ausgleich

Question 25

Please define the following key terms.
Reform Act of 1867

Question 26

Please define the following key terms.
Victor Emmanuel II

Question 27

Please define the following key terms.
"iron and blood"

Question 28

Please define the following key terms.
battles of Sadowa and Sedan

Question 29

Please define the following key terms.
Queen Victoria

Question 30

Please define the following key terms.
Franco-Prussian War

Question 31

Please define the following key terms.
Count Otto von Bismarck

Question 32

Please define the following key terms.
North German Confederation

Question 33

Please define the following key terms.
Second German Empire

Question 34

Please define the following key terms.
zemstvos

Question 35

Please define the following key terms.
Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation

Question 36

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Dual Monarchy

Question 37

Please define the following key terms.
Austro-Prussian War

Question 38

Please define the following key terms.
the Red Shirts

Question 39

Please define the following key terms.
Giuseppe Garibaldi

Question 40

Please define the following key terms.
Alexander II and the serfs

Question 41

Please define the following key terms.
Dominion of Canada

Question 42

Please define the following key terms.
The Communist Manifesto

Question 43

Please define the following key terms.
Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary

Question 44

Please define the following key terms.
natural selection

Question 45

Please define the following key terms.
Michael Faraday

Question 46

Please define the following key terms.
On the Origin of Species

Question 47

Please define the following key terms.
Jean-François Millet

Question 48

Please define the following key terms.
Gustave Courbet's The Stonebreakers

Question 49

Please define the following key terms.
Realism

Question 50

Please define the following key terms.
The Danish War

Question 51

Please define the following key terms.
Marxism

Question 52

Please define the following key terms.
Charles Dickens

Question 53

Please define the following key terms.
proletariat

Question 54

Please define the following key terms.
Louis Pasteur

Question 55

Please define the following key terms.
Charles Darwin

Question 56

Please define the following key terms.
William Thackeray's Vanity Fair

Question 57

Please define the following key terms.
The American Civil War

Question 58

Please define the following key terms.
Dmitri Mendeleyev

Question 59

Please define the following key terms.
"First International"

Question 60

Please define the following key terms.
materialism

Question 61

Who was the romantic nationalist who challenged Cavour for control of southern Italy?

A)Matteotti
B)Mazzini
C)Garibaldi
D)Sforza
E)Cavour

Question 62

Which country did Piedmont align with during the Italian War of 1859?

A)Russia
B)England
C)Austria
D)Prussia
E)France

Question 63

Bismarck was appointed prime minister by

A)Frederick III.
B)William I.
C)Frederick William II.
D)Otto V.
E)William II.

Question 64

From 1862 to 1866, Bismarck governed Prussia by

A)courting labor unions and the working class.
B)working closely with opposition politicians.
C)popular referendum.
D)ignoring parliament.
E)ignoring King William I.

Question 65

What was Napoleon III most interested in during the Second Empire?

A)Fostering the industrial development of France
B)Avoiding wars and foreign adventures
C)Enhancing civil liberties like free speech
D)Encouraging people to get involved in politics
E)Enhancing the position of the Catholic Church in French culture

Question 66

After the disappointments of 1848-1849, many Italian nationalists turned to ____ for leadership in the unification of northern Italy.

A)Florence
B)Piedmont
C)Austria
D)Naples
E)Britain

Question 67

For whom did the Red Shirts fight?

A)Bismarck
B)Cavour
C)Garibaldi
D)Mazzini
E)Marx

Question 68

Which country's incursions into the Black Sea prompted England and France to enter the Crimean War in 1854?

A)Russia
B)Turkey
C)Germany
D)Austria
E)The United States

Question 69

Who was the dominant foreign power in Italy prior to unification?

A)France
B)Spain
C)Papal States
D)Savoy
E)Austria

Question 70

Which two states did German nationalists believe were powerful enough to achieve the unification of Germany?

A)Austria and Prussia
B)Austria and Poland
C)Austria and France
D)Prussia and Italy
E)Italy and France

Question 71

What was one of Napoleon III's great domestic projects?

A)The building of the Eiffel Tower
B)The rededication of the Cathedral of Notre Dame
C)The reconstruction of Paris with broad boulevards, public squares, and municipal utilities
D)The damming of the Seine River below Paris for flood control
E)The construction of the Maginot Line against German militarism

Question 72

What was a result of Bismarck's Austro-Prussian War?

A)The incorporation of Austria into the North German Confederation
B)A harsh treaty against Austria that reduced it to a second-rate power
C)The Prussian liberals' disgust over Bismarck's unscrupulous policies
D)The exclusion of Austria from the North German Confederation
E)The immediate establishment of the German Empire

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.
organic evolution

Question 74

Bismarck is best seen as a

A)realist.
B)romantic.
C)war monger.
D)classical liberal.
E)republican idealist.

Question 75

Who was the prime minister of Piedmont who organized the Italian unification movement?

A)Giuseppe Mazzini
B)Giuseppe Garibaldi
C)Camillo di Cavour
D)Victor Emmanuel
E)the Duke of Alba

Question 76

What was an overall result of the Crimean War?

A)The maintenance of peace in Europe until World War I
B)Continued Russian expansionism in Europe for the next two decades
C)Increased involvement for Great Britain in continental affairs
D)The destruction of the Concert of Europe and the creation of opportunities for Italian and German national unification
E)The breakup of the Holy Alliance

Question 77

What event precipitated the end of the Second French Republic in 1851?

A)Prussia invaded and occupied France.
B)The army overthrew the Republic in a coup.
C)The legislature voluntarily disbanded.
D)A tornado tore about the government buildings.
E)The voters abolished it in a vote.

Question 78

In which area did Napoleon's most disastrous foreign policy adventure occur?

A)The Crimea
B)Italy
C)Palestine
D)Schleswig-Holstein
E)Mexico

Question 79

Why was Prussia more likely than Austria to provide leadership in the cause of German unification?

A)Prussia lacked a strong military.
B)Austria had few ethnic Germans living within its borders.
C)Austria feared the creation of a strong German state in central Europe.
D)Prussia was a large multinational empire.
E)Prussia had lagged behind the rest of Europe in industrialization.

Question 80

In 1699, the Ottoman Empire lost Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slovenia to

A)Egypt.
B)Russia.
C)Greece.
D)Austria.
E)Prussia.