Deck 19: Heat and Temperature

Question 1

What is the change in area (in cm²) of a 60.0 cm x 150 cm automobile windshield when the temperature changes from 0 $\degree$ C to 36.0 $\degree$ C. The coefficient of linear expansion of this glass is 9.0 * 10-6/ $\degree$ C.

A)1.6
B)2.9
C)3.2
D)4.9
E)5.8

Answer 1

5.8

Question 2

One mole of an ideal gas is held at a constant pressure of 1 atm. Find the change in volume (in litres) if the temperature changes by 50 $\degree$ C.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Answer 2

4

Question 3

A building made with a steel structure is 650 m high on a winter day when the temperature is -5 $\degree$ C. How much taller (in cm) is the building when it is 40 $\degree$ C? (The linear expansion coefficient of steel is 11 * 10-6 ( $\degree$ C)-1.)

A)71
B)32
C)40
D)46
E)65

Answer 3

32

Question 4

A container with a one-litre capacity at 27 $\degree$ C is filled with helium to a pressure of 2.0 atm. (1 atm = 1.0 * 105 N/m².) How many moles of helium does it hold?

A)0.041
B)0.081
C)0.45
D)0.90
E)1.0

Question 5

An auditorium has dimensions 10 m *10 m *60 m. How many moles of air fill this volume at one atmosphere and 0 $\degree$ C?

A)2.7 * 102
B)2.7 * 104
C)2.7 *103
D)2.7 * 105
E)2.7 * 106

Question 6

A scuba diver has his lungs filled to half capacity (3 litres) when 10 m below the surface. If the diver holds his breath while quietly rising to the surface, what will the volume of the lungs be (in litres) at the surface? Assume the temperature is the same at all depths. (The density of water is 1.0*103 kg/m3.)

A)5.9
B)4.5
C)6.4
D)3.9
E)3.1

Question 7

One mole of an ideal gas is held at a constant volume of 1 litre. Find the change in pressure if the temperature increases by 50 $\degree$ C.

A)3 atm
B)4 atm
C)2 atm
D)1 atm
E)5 atm

Question 8

A bowling ball-size probe from a spaceship and a pebble-size object land on a large asteroid that is far from any star. After a long period of time has passed, it is highly probable that the pebble and the probe:

A)have each had the same change in temperature.
B)have each had the same change in volume.
C)are in thermal equilibrium with one another.
D)are not in thermal equilibrium with one another.
E)are in thermal equilibrium with one another, but are not at the same temperature.

Question 9

Two identical containers, A and B, hold equal amounts of the same ideal gas at the same Po, Vo and To. The pressure of A then decreases by a half while its volume doubles; the pressure of B doubles while its volume decreases by a half. Which statement correctly describes the temperatures of the gases after the changes?

A)TA = 0.5TB = To.
B)TB = 0.5TA = To.
C)TB = TA = To.
D)TA = 2TB = To.
E)TB = 2TA = To.

Question 10

A helium-filled balloon has a volume of 1 m3. As it rises in the earth's atmosphere, its volume expands. What will its new volume be (in m3) if its original temperature and pressure are 20 $\degree$ C and 1 atm, and its final temperature and pressure are -40 $\degree$ C and 0.1 atm?

A)4
B)6
C)8
D)10
E)1.5

Question 11

A pressure of 10.0 mm Hg is measured using a constant-volume gas thermometer at a temperature of 50.0 $\degree$ C. What is the pressure (in mm Hg) at the zero-point temperature?

A)31.8
B)11.8
C)8.45
D)54.6
E)68.3

Question 12

Which of the following is not a possible thermometric property of a body?

A)The change in length of a solid.
B)The change in volume of a gas at constant pressure.
C)The change in pressure of a gas at constant volume.
D)The change in weight at constant pressure and volume.
E)The change in electrical resistance of a conductor.

Question 13

In order to understand the concept of temperature it is necessary to understand:

A)the zeroth law of thermodynamics.
B)the first law of thermodynamics.
C)the second law of thermodynamics.
D)all of the above.
E)only (b) and (c) above.

Question 14

A pressure of 10.0 mm Hg is measured at the triple-point of water using a constant-volume gas thermometer. What will the pressure be (in mm Hg) at 50.0 $\degree$ C?

A)68.3
B)1.80
C)31.8
D)11.8
E)8.50

Question 15

One mole of an ideal gas has a temperature of 25 $\degree$ C. If the volume is held constant and the pressure is doubled, the final temperature (in $\degree$ C) will be:

A)174
B)596
C)50
D)323
E)25

Question 16

Two moles of an ideal gas are placed in a container of adjustable volume. When measurements are made:

A)the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume at constant temperature.
B)the temperature is directly proportional to the volume at constant pressure.
C)the temperature is directly proportional to the pressure at constant volume.
D)all the statements above are found to be correct.
E)only statements (a) and (b) are found to be correct.

Question 17

A bicycle pump contains air at one atmosphere and 0 $\degree$ C. As the tyre is pumped up, the volume of air decreases by 50% with each stroke. What is the new pressure of air (in atm) in the chamber after the first stroke, assuming no temperature change?

A)2
B)1
C)0.5
D)0.1
E)3

Question 18

A bubble having a diameter of 1.00 cm is released from the bottom of a swimming pool where the depth is 5.00 m. What will the diameter of the bubble be when it reaches the surface? The temperature of the water at the surface is 20.0 $\degree$ C, whereas it is 15.0 $\degree$ C at the bottom. (The density of water is 1.00*103 kg/m3.)

A)1.05 cm
B)1.15 cm
C)1.45 cm
D)1.65 cm
E)1.35 cm

Question 19

A bridge is made with segments of concrete 50 m long. If the linear expansion coefficient is 12 *10-6 ( $\degree$ C)-, how much spacing (in cm) is needed to allow for expansion during an extreme temperature change of 60 $\degree$ C?

A)10
B)3.6
C)7.5
D)5.0
E)9.5

Question 20

Angela claims that she wears a cylindrical-shaped hollow gold bracelet because it expands less than a solid one with a change in temperature. Clarissa claims that a cylindrical-shaped solid gold bracelet expands less than a hollow one. Which one, if either, is correct?

A)Angela, because the bracelet expands outward on its outer surface and inward on its inner surface.
B)Clarissa, because the bracelet expands outward on its outer surface and inward on its inner surface.
C)Angela, because the inner circumference does not change, but the outer circumference expands.
D)Clarissa, because the inner circumference does not change, but the outer circumference expands.
E)Neither, because both the inner and outer circumferences increase in length.

Question 21

A 100-g cube of ice is heated from -120 $\degree$ C to +120 $\degree$ C. In which of the following processes is the greatest amount of energy absorbed by this material?

A)warming ice to the melting point
B)melting the ice to become water
C)warming the resulting water
D)vaporising the water to become steam
E)heating the steam

Question 22

The pressure of a substance is directly proportional to its volume when the temperature is held constant and inversely proportional to its temperature when the volume is held constant. Is this substance an ideal gas? Explain why your answer is correct.

Question 23

If 25 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$ C is combined with 4 kg of steam at 100 $\degree$ C, what will be the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$ C) of the system?

A)40
B)20
C)60
D)100
E)8

Question 24

How much heat, in joules, is required to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$ C into steam at 100 $\degree$ C? (Lice = 333 J/g; Lsteam = 2.26 * 103 J/g.)

A)3.35*105
B)4.19 * 105
C)2.36 * 106
D)2.69 *106
E)3.01 * 106

Question 25

A square plate has an area of 29.00 cm² at 20.0 $\degree$ C. It will be used in a low temperature experiment at T = 10.0K where it must have an area of 28.00 cm². What area must be removed from the plate at 20.0 $\degree$ C for it to have the correct area at 10.0 K? (The coefficient of linear expansion is 10* 10-6 ( $\degree$ C)-1.)

A)0.079 3 cm²
B)0.159 cm²
C)0.238 cm²
D)0.841 cm²
E)0.921 cm²

Question 26

A constant volume gas thermometer has a pressure of 2.00 atm at 100 $\degree$ C. What would its pressure be at 0 $\degree$ C?

A)0.732 atm
B)1.46 atm
C)1.24 atm
D)1.37 atm
E)More information is needed to find the answer.

Question 27

Roughly how much heat (in Joules) is needed to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$ C into steam at 100 $\degree$ C?

A)2 593 000
B)2 260 000
C)333 000
D)420 000
E)3 000 000

Question 28

Which of the following substances has the greatest specific heat?

A)copper
B)ice
C)water
D)steam
E)Ice, water, and steam have equal specific heats since they are the same material, and this specific heat is greater than that of copper.

Question 29

A 20-litre container of boiling water is added to a 200-litre bath of water having a temperature of 10 $\degree$ C. What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$ C) of the mixture?

A)55
B)36
C)18
D)66
E)14

Question 30

At which of the following temperatures would one litre of water weigh the most?

A)2 $\degree$ C
B)4 $\degree$ C
C)8 $\degree$ C
D)90 $\degree$ C
E)It would weigh the same at all these temperatures.

Question 31

When the coefficient of linear expansion, $\alpha$ , and the temperature change, Tf - Ti, are large, a length Li of a solid substance expands in length to:

A)Lf = $\alpha$ Li(Tf - Ti).
B)Lf = Li[1 + $\alpha$ (Tf - Ti)].
C)Lf = Li[1 + ln( $\alpha$ (Tf - Ti))].
D) .
E) .

Question 32

Determine the change in length of a 20-m railway track made of steel if the temperature is changed from -15 $\degree$ C to +35 $\degree$ C. ( $\alpha$ STEEL = 1.1 *10-5/ $\degree$ C)

Question 33

A 5-kg piece of lead (specific heat 0.03 cal/g. $\degree$ C) having a temperature of 80 $\degree$ C is added to 500 g of water having a temperature of 20 $\degree$ C. What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$ C) of the system?

A)79
B)26
C)54
D)34
E)20

Question 34

Water at room temperature, 20 $\degree$ C, is pumped into a reactor core where it is converted to steam at 200 $\degree$ C. How much heat (in J) is transferred to each kilogram of water in this process? (csteam = 2 010 J/kg. $\degree$ C; Lsteam = 2.26 F* 103 J/g; 1 cal = 4.186 J.)

A)3.35 * 105
B)7.53 * 105
C)2.67 * 106
D)2.80 * 106
E)3.01 *106

Question 35

How many Joules of heat are required to raise the temperature of 4 kg of water from 10 $\degree$ C to the boiling point?

A)6.5* 105
B)3.6 * 105
C)15 * 105
D)360
E)4 * 104

Question 36

A gold ring has an inner diameter of 2.168 cm at a temperature of 15.0 $\degree$ C. Determine its diameter at 100.0 $\degree$ C. ( $\alpha$ GOLD = 1.42 *10-5/ $\degree$ C)

Question 37

A 300-g glass thermometer initially at 25 $\degree$ C is put into 200 cm3 of hot water at 95 $\degree$ C. Find the final temperature (in $\degree$ C) of the thermometer, assuming no heat flows to the surroundings. (The specific heat of glass is 0.2 cal/g. $\degree$ C.)

A)52
B)68
C)89
D)79
E)36

Question 38

Suppose the ends of a 30-m long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0 $\degree$ C to prevent expansion. The beam has a cross-sectional area of 30 cm². What force against the clamps does the beam exert when it is heated to 40 $\degree$ C? ( $\alpha$ Steel = 1.1 *0-5/ $\degree$ C, Ysteel = 20 *1010 N/m²).

Question 39

The mass of a sulphur atom is 32.0 u, and the mass of a fluorine atom is 19.0 u. What is the mass of a mole of sulphur hexafluoride (UF6)?

A)41.0 g
B)20.5 g
C)106 g
D)146 g
E)211 g