Deck 28: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945–1965.

Question 1

Please define the following key terms.
mutual deterrence

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

How was the Cuban missile crisis resolved? What changes were made in its aftermath?

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Please define the following key terms.
George Kennan

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Describe the course of the Arab-Israeli conflict in the first three decades following World War II.

Question 5

Please define the following key terms.
Truman Doctrine

Question 6

Please define the following key terms.
decolonization

Question 7

Please define the following key terms.
Berlin blockade

Question 8

Compare and contrast the struggle for independence in Algeria and Ghana. How would you explain the differences you note?

Question 9

Please define the following key terms.
containment

Question 10

What was De Gaul's vision for France? What steps did he take to try to make that vision a reality?

Question 11

Please define the following key terms.
the superpowers

Question 12

Please define the following key terms.
CENTO and SEATO

Question 13

In your opinion, which side bore the most responsibility for the start of the Cold War? Why?

Question 14

Please define the following key terms.
Warsaw Pact

Question 15

What was the Truman Doctrine? How did it shape U.S. foreign policy?

Question 16

Please define the following key terms.
NATO

Question 17

How did the existentialists describe the universe and humans' place in it?

Question 18

What did Mao hope to achieve with the Great Leap Forward? Why was it such a disaster?

Question 19

What was life like in the Soviet Union under Stalin in the years immediately following World War II?

Question 20

Why did American policy makers feel it necessary to intervene militarily in Korea?

Question 21

Please define the following key terms.
Vietnam War

Question 22

Please define the following key terms.
Berlin Wall

Question 23

Please define the following key terms.
Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 24

Please define the following key terms.
Marshall Plan

Question 25

Please define the following key terms.
Palestine Liberation Organization

Question 26

Please define the following key terms.
Mao Zedong

Question 27

Please define the following key terms.
French Popular Movement

Question 28

Please define the following key terms.
African National Congress

Question 29

Please define the following key terms.
Sputnik I

Question 30

Please define the following key terms.
rapprochement

Question 31

Please define the following key terms.
Fidel Castro

Question 32

Please define the following key terms.
Bay of Pigs

Question 33

Please define the following key terms.
Great Leap Forward

Question 34

Please define the following key terms.
Ho Chi Minh

Question 35

Please define the following key terms.
Six-Day War

Question 36

Please define the following key terms.
apartheid

Question 37

Please define the following key terms.
Hungarian uprising

Question 38

Please define the following key terms.
Stalinization

Question 39

Please define the following key terms.
Nikita Khrushchev

Question 40

Please define the following key terms.
Mahatma Gandhi

Question 41

Please define the following key terms.
Simone de Beauvoir

Question 42

Please define the following key terms.
Korean War

Question 43

Please define the following key terms.
Andy Warhol and Pop Art

Question 44

Please define the following key terms.
guest workers

Question 45

Please define the following key terms.
Charles de Gaulle's Fifth Republic

Question 46

Please define the following key terms.
Pope John XXIII

Question 47

Please define the following key terms.
socialized medicine

Question 48

Please define the following key terms.
welfare state

Question 49

Please define the following key terms.
Martin Luther King and "white backlash"

Question 50

Please define the following key terms.
European Coal and Steel Community

Question 51

Please define the following key terms.
women's liberation movement

Question 52

Please define the following key terms.
consumer society

Question 53

Please define the following key terms.
de-Stalinization

Question 54

Please define the following key terms.
existentialism

Question 55

Please define the following key terms.
the Great Society

Question 56

Please define the following key terms.
West Germany's "economic miracle"

Question 57

Please define the following key terms.
the birth control pill

Question 58

Please define the following key terms.
EEC/Common Market

Question 59

Please define the following key terms.
Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot

Question 60

Please define the following key terms.
Abstract Expressionism

Question 61

How did Truman and his Western European allies respond to Stalin's blockade of Berlin in 1948?

A)Building the Berlin Wall
B)Airlifting supplies into Berlin
C)Bombing Moscow
D)Sending a UN force to reopen the access routes
E)Threatening nuclear war

Question 62

Which area witnessed the first conflict in the unfolding of the Cold War?

A)Scandinavia
B)Western Europe
C)North Africa
D)Eastern Europe
E)East Asia

Question 63

Which country was a member of the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)?

A)Poland
B)West Germany
C)Turkey
D)Hungary
E)France

Question 64

Which country's civil war led to the establishment of the Truman Doctrine?

A)Yugoslavia
B)Greece
C)Italy
D)Czechoslovakia
E)Poland

Question 65

What is NATO?

A)A trade agreement
B)A fabrication designed by the Central Intelligence Agency to mislead the Soviets
C)An emergency relief agency
D)A military alliance
E)An international banking system

Question 66

What was the purpose of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)?

A)To represent the interests of the Palestinians and the rights to a state
B)To create economic ties with western countries
C)To be the Soviet Union's representative in the Middle East
D)To create diplomatic ties with Western countries
E)To stem communist incursions in Palestine

Question 67

Where did the Soviet Union install a pro-Soviet regime in the immediate aftermath of World War II?

A)Finland
B)Iraq
C)Poland
D)Yugoslavia
E)Turkey

Question 68

Under the policy established by President Eisenhower, how would the U.S. respond to a Soviet ground assault on western Europe?

A)With conventional bombing of Soviet cities
B)With an economic blockade
C)With a diplomatic effort to mediate the crisis
D)With a full-scale nuclear attack
E)With conventional weapons

Question 69

In 1959, ____ dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by left-wing revolutionaries.

A)Spanish
B)Mexican
C)Portuguese
D)Cuban
E)Columbian

Question 70

What policy did George Kennan propose the U.S. adopt towards communism?

A)Massive retaliation
B)Containment
C)Appeasement
D)Curtailment
E)Mutually assured destruction (MAD)

Question 71

What was the result of the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962?

A)The improvement of communications between the U.S. and Soviet Union to prevent nuclear war
B)The installation of Soviet missiles in Cuba
C)The overthrow of Cuba's Soviet-supported government by the U.S.
D)John Kennedy backing down to the threats of Nikita Khrushchev
E)Fidel Castro giving up his military authority, but not his political control, in the Cuban government

Question 72

The Truman Doctrine pledged U.S. intervention to prevent

A)a second Great Depression
B)communist expansion.
C)decolonization.
D)military coups.
E)global epidemics.

Question 73

In addition to the devastation of the countries, cities, peoples, and cultures of Europe, what did World War II destroy?

A)American commitment to globalism in foreign policy
B)European supremacy in world affairs
C)Any commitment of old and new nations around the globe to supranational bodies of diplomacy and conflict resolution
D)The capacity of western European nations to forge lasting economic and cultural ties in the post-war world
E)The trans-Atlantic partnership

Question 74

The Marshall Plan provided $13 billion for ____ in Europe.

A)economic recovery
B)medical aid
C)military hardware
D)the construction of U.S. military bases
E)espionage and information gathering

Question 75

What was a key factor contributing to the development of the Cold War in Eastern Europe?

A)The withdrawal of victorious Russian armies from lands conquered during the campaign against Nazism
B)Raids by American troops pursuing German Nazi war criminals into areas of the former Third Reich under Russian control
C)Stalin's desire to establish pro-Soviet governments in the countries of Eastern Europe to serve as a buffer zone against possible western attacks on the Soviet Union
D)The domination of Austrian and Italian politics by popular pro-Communist parties
E)The threat to continued instability by the rise of neo-fascist parties

Question 76

In 1949, Chiang Kai-shek and the Chinese Nationalist government fled to

A)Shanghai.
B)Hong Kong.
C)Kuala Lumpur.
D)Taiwan.
E)Japan.

Question 77

North Korea invaded South Korea in

A)1946.
B)1955.
C)1950.
D)1953.
E)1947.

Question 78

The British partition of India was a response to conflict between

A)Hindus and Muslims.
B)southern and northern Indians.
C)Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.
D)secularists and religious fundamentalists.
E)India's largest ethnic communities.

Question 79

What was the Communist military response to the formation of NATO?

A)The Moscow Alliance
B)The Warsaw Pact
C)The Eastern European Community
D)The Stalin Plan
E)The European Economic Community

Question 80

What was the name of the system of racial segregation in South Africa?

A)Jim Crow
B)Apartheid
C)Rapprochement
D)Final Solution
E)Aryan supremacy