Deck 22: Becoming a World Power, 1898-1917

Question 1

U.S.foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere after 1900 was

A) defensivegeared toward limiting European influence.
B) isolationist.
C) cooperativegeared toward building strong relationships with other nations.
D) never criticized by U.S.citizens.
E) aggressivegeared toward expanding American influence.

Answer 1

aggressivegeared toward expanding American influence.

Question 2

Which of the following did Alfred Mahan emphasize?

A) marine core
B) large army
C) coast guard
D) strong navy
E) air force

Answer 2

strong navy

Question 3

All of the following were an anti-imperialist concern regarding the Philippines except the fear that

A) mingling with other races would contaminate the United States.
B) competition would come from Filipino sugar growers.
C) subjugation of the Filipinos violated American ideals of freedom and self-government.
D) other powers might retaliate and target the United States.
E) the military establishment needed to administer the colony would threaten political liberties at home.

Answer 3

other powers might retaliate and target the United States.

Question 4

The Spanish-American War

A) was a long, drawn-out war.
B) required the United States to make concessions to the Spanish.
C) required Cuba to negotiate with the Philippines.
D) was short and successful for the United States.
E) resulted in no U.S.battle casualties

Question 5

American business owners and manufacturers focused on

A) gaining access to Europe's natural resources.
B) targeting the market of the wealthy on the European continent.
C) lowering the tariff to decrease domestic consumption.
D) restricting the supply of commodities in order to increase demand.
E) aggressively expanding their markets to include Asia.

Question 6

Missionaries were committed to

A) understanding different cultural and religious practices.
B) incorporating native religious ideas into their own beliefs.
C) converting nations to Christianity in order to "civilize" them.
D) helping natives improve their economic situation.
E) spreading capitalism.

Question 7

Which of the following was not given as a justification for U.S.expansionism?

A) There was a need for political and economic influence in Africa and Asia.
B) There was a need to civilize other peoples.
C) It was the nation's destiny.
D) The Christian message must be spread.
E) There was a power vacuum in Europe.

Question 8

In the Treaty of Paris of 1898, the United States

A) recognized Spanish ownership of Wake Island.
B) paid $20 million for the Philippines.
C) promised Spain equal trading rights in Cuba.
D) agreed to grant Puerto Rico its independence.
E) annexed Cuba.

Question 9

All of the following were conditions of the Platt Amendment except that Cuba

A) could not make treaties with foreign powers.
B) could not impose tariffs on U.S.imports.
C) had to sell or lease land to the U.S.military.
D) had to permit the United States to oversee Cuban political affairs.
E) none of these choices

Question 10

William McKinley ordered the Maine into Havana's harbor in order to

A) protect U.S.citizens in Cuba.
B) threaten the Spanish.
C) threaten the Cubans.
D) start a war.
E) bring refugees to the U.S.

Question 11

Alfred Thayer Mahan

A) advised William McKinley during the Spanish-American War.
B) was an imperialist whose book showed how the United States could become a world power.
C) wrote a treatise denouncing imperialism.
D) was a missionary who spent years in China converting thousands to Christianity.
E) was a businessman who opened trade with China and Japan.

Question 12

Which of the following does not help to explain the U.S.emergence from its relative isolation in the late 19th Century?

A) imperialism
B) capitalism
C) military maneuvers in Europe
D) missionary activity
E) navalism

Question 13

The "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine

A) signified a dramatic change in foreign policy under Teddy Roosevelt.
B) formalized behavior that the United States was already practicing.
C) was geared to mollify the anti-imperialists.
D) was intended to prove that the U.S.was a "good neighbor" to Latin American nations.
E) had no real significance.

Question 14

U.S.newspaper accounts of the Cuban-Spanish conflict

A) had no impact on the general public.
B) contributed to the antiwar movement.
C) created a ground swell of support for Spain.
D) triggered a war between the Cuban rebels and the United States.
E) created a ground swell of support for Cuba.

Question 15

In his negotiations with Japan following the Russo-Japanese War, Theodore Roosevelt

A) tried to convince Japan to grant sovereignty to eastern nations.
B) believed that Russia was a weaker nation.
C) believed that Japan was entitled to pursue imperialism in the East.
D) attempted to form an alliance with Japan.
E) intended to annex Japan.

Question 16

The U.S.treatment of the Philippines after 1898 can be described as similar to

A) the U.S.treatment of Cuba.
B) Japan's relationship with Russia.
C) Spain's relationship with Cuba.
D) the U.S.treatment of Mexico.
E) U.S.treatment of European nations.

Question 17

When the United States annexed Puerto Rico, the intent was

A) to allow Puerto Ricans to govern themselves.
B) to encourage Puerto Rico to seek statehood.
C) to rule the island and its inhabitants.
D) to establish cooperative governance between the United States and Puerto Rico.
E) to pave the way for returning the island to Spanish rule.

Question 18

William McKinley's treatment of the Philippines

A) was broadly supported by both imperialists and anti-imperialists.
B) showed his willingness to grant U.S.citizenship to Filipinos.
C) reflected his fear that, without a strong U.S.presence, another power would invade.
D) was similar to the U.S.treatment of Hawaii.
E) indicated that he wanted statehood for the Philippines.

Question 19

Regarding Cuba, William McKinley's intent was to

A) back Cuba in a war with Spain.
B) back Spain in a war with Cuba.
C) encourage Spain to make concessions to the Cuban rebels.
D) encourage Cubans in their efforts to overthrow the rebel government.
E) annex Cuba.

Question 20

In 1900, the "Boxer Rebellion" in China

A) was a nationalist uprising.
B) demonstrated Chinese support for the open-door notes.
C) was a Japanese-led overthrow of the Chinese government.
D) was proof that the Chinese wanted to establish diplomatic ties with Europe.
E) was the beginning of the Communist revolution.

Question 21

Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for which of the following?

A) building the Panama Canal.
B) his peace efforts in Venezuela.
C) negotiating between Russia and Japan to end their war.
D) endorsing the Platt Amendment.
E) his Corollary.

Question 22

The focus of Taft's foreign policy seems to be

A) economic.
B) political.
C) social.
D) religious.
E) cultural.

Question 23

The first challenge to Hay's open door policy came from which of the following nations?

A) Cuba.
B) China.
C) Japan.
D) Germany.
E) France.

Question 24

The Panama Canal

A) created a strong sense of unity between the US and Panama.
B) was actually built by the French.
C) was begun under Taft, not Roosevelt.
D) was built without any real consent by the Panamanian people.
E) is still considered fairly insignificant.

Question 25

Roosevelt's Corollary

A) scaled back the Monroe Doctrine.
B) built upon the Monroe Doctrine.
C) was embraced by most Latin American nations.
D) focused solely on military issues.
E) gave the U.S.special economic privileges in Cuba.

Question 26

All of the following motivated U.S.foreign policy from 1898 to 1917 except a

A) desire to promote goodwill and friendship with other nations.
B) belief in the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race and its responsibility for uplifting inferior races.
C) need for new markets for American goods.
D) belief that the United States could and should become a world power.
E) desire to strengthen the navy.

Question 27

Woodrow Wilson's policies in Mexico

A) reflected his fear of Mexican self-rule and democracy.
B) were initiated by a desire to protect American investments there.
C) resulted in a fruitful diplomatic relationship with Mexico.
D) reflected his desire to make Mexico an American protectorate.
E) had no impact on Mexican politics.

Question 28

Woodrow Wilson responded to Pancho Villa's attacks on U.S.citizens by

A) offering a ten thousand dollar reward for Villa, "dead or alive."
B) seizing Villa's financial holdings in the United States.
C) promising to support Villa in his bid for political power in Mexico.
D) sending U.S.troops into Mexico to arrest Villa.
E) bringing him to trial.

Question 29

As an imperial power, the United States successfully

A) created the largest, most modern navy in the world.
B) expanded its military and economic influence in Asia and the Western Hemisphere.
C) supported self-government and civil rights in its colonies.
D) acquired an empire that ruled over one-fourth of the world's population.
E) expanded its control to Africa.

Question 30

The Anti-Imperialist League enlisted the support of all of the following except

A) Andrew Carnegie.
B) Grover Cleveland.
C) Samuel Gompers.
D) William Jennings Bryan.
E) William McKinley.

Question 31

The principles embodied in the Roosevelt corollary were applied to all of the following except

A) Hawaii.
B) Cuba.
C) Venezuela.
D) the Dominican Republic.
E) none of these choices

Question 32

During the Spanish-American War, American racial prejudice caused American leaders to

A) minimize the contributions of black soldiers.
B) cooperate effectively with the light-skinned Cuban rebels.
C) overestimate the capabilities of the Spanish troops.
D) allow unnecessarily harsh punishment of Spanish prisoners.
E) execute only black prisoners of war.

Question 33

"Yellow journalism" or the "yellow press"

A) featured shocking and sensational stories designed to appeal to a mass audience.
B) was rejected by leading newspapermen such as Joseph Pulitzer.
C) focused American attention away from the Cuban rebellion at the end of the nineteenth century.
D) disappeared after 1900 because of the increased intelligence and sophistication of the reading public.
E) refers to the use of comic strips.

Question 34

Secretary of State John Hay's Open Door Note of 1900 called for

A) elimination of U.S.restrictions on Chinese and Japanese immigration.
B) European recognition of the supremacy of the United States in the Pacific and Asia.
C) respect for the government and territory of China.
D) a full-scale invasion and partition of China by the major powers.
E) peace between China and Japan.

Question 35

William Howard Taft's foreign policy favored

A) aggressive military intervention in Asia and Europe.
B) withdrawal of the United States from international affairs.
C) assertion of commercial and economic influence in other countries.
D) submission of all disputes to arbitration.
E) opposition to all uses of force.

Question 36

Policies pursued by William Howard Taft's administration in Asia

A) were consistent with Roosevelt's own efforts to promote an open-door policy.
B) resulted in increased hostilities between Japan and the United States.
C) demonstrated his superior understanding of Japanese politics.
D) were better for U.S.trade than Roosevelt's efforts had been.
E) started a war between Japan and Russia.

Question 37

Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy included

A) protection of the rights of nonwhite, nonindustrial nations.
B) respect for the sovereignty of Latin American nations.
C) noninterference in the affairs of Western Hemispheric nations.
D) recognition of claims to Russian and Japanese territory.
E) U.S.military action to maintain order and control, often at the expense of social justice.

Question 38

All of the following were presidents of Mexico except

A) Francisco ("Pancho") Villa.
B) Venustiano Carranza.
C) Victoriano Huerta.
D) Francisco Madero.
E) Porfirio Diaz.

Question 39

The chief threat to U.S."Open Door" policy and maintaining the balance of power in Asia came from

A) Britain and France.
B) Germany.
C) Japan and Russia.
D) Russia and Britain.
E) Italy.

Question 40

Spain agreed to all of the following demands in the spring of 1898 except

A) payment of an indemnity for the Maine.
B) abandoning its concentration camps in Cuba.
C) ending the fighting with the Cuban rebels.
D) committing itself to Cuban independence.
E) relieving "Butcher" Weyler of his command.

Question 41

The United States secured the right to build the Panama Canal by dealing with the

A) director of the French company from which it bought rights to the canal.
B) newly elected government of Panama.
C) government of Colombia.
D) French government.
E) United Nations.

Question 42

The Teller Amendment declared

A) war on Spain.
B) that the United States would not use war to acquire Cuban territory.
C) that Cuba could not make treaties with foreign powers.
D) the U.S.support for Japan in the war against Russia.
E) the independence of the Philippines.

Question 43

The Root-Takahira Agreement of 1908

A) accepted Japanese domination of Korea.
B) ended Japanese occupation of Manchuria.
C) accepted Japanese expansion into Manchuria.
D) ended the conflict between Russia and Japan.
E) recognized the independence of China.

Question 44

Many people died building the Panama Canal from

A) smallpox.
B) bubonic plague.
C) yellow fever.
D) the flu.
E) typhoid.

Question 45

Some of Theodore Roosevelt's foreign policy initiatives were founded on the claim of Anglo-Saxon superiority.

Question 46

U.S.soldiers in the Spanish-American War were surprised to find that their Cuban allies were primarily dark-skinned and poorly outfitted.

Question 47

As a possession of the United States, Puerto Ricans

A) enjoy no rights as U.S.citizens.
B) do not have the right to elect their own governor.
C) have a poverty rate far greater than that of the mainland.
D) immediately launched a bloody war for their independence.
E) insisted on re-establishing their relationship with Spain.

Question 48

By the end of the Spanish-American War, U.S.troops had invaded Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

Question 49

Multinational corporations were fixtures in the U.S.economy by 1915.

Question 50

Following the Spanish American War Cuba

A) became economically dependent on the United States.
B) enjoyed full political independence.
C) was annexed to the United States.
D) decided through democratic procedures to accept its position as a U.S.protectorate.
E) became economically dependent on Spain.

Question 51

When the Colombian legislature rejected as insufficient President Roosevelt's offer for the canal zone, Roosevelt

A) doubled his offer.
B) encouraged Panamanians to revolt against Colombia.
C) asked Congress to declare war on Colombia.
D) sought French help in negotiating with Colombia.
E) gave up the idea of building a canal.

Question 52

The United States made no pretense of allowing Puerto Rican self-rule at the time of the island's annexation.

Question 53

The explosion of the battleship Maine resulted in the U.S.declaration of war on Spain.

Question 54

Spanish minister to Washington, Depuy de Lome outraged U.S.public opinion when he

A) ordered the execution of Cuban rebels.
B) ordered the attack on the U.S.battleship Maine.
C) supported terrorist attacks on the United States.
D) raped an American woman.
E) insulted President McKinley.

Question 55

The United States completely stayed out of China's Boxer Rebellion.

Question 56

Mexican president Venustiano Carranza welcomed U.S.guidance in shaping his government.

Question 57

In his "gentleman's agreement" with the Japanese, President Roosevelt agreed to

A) end anti-Japanese discrimination.
B) accept increased numbers of Japanese workers' entrance into the U.S.
C) lift his opposition to Japanese expansion in East Asia.
D) withdraw U.S.troops from Tokyo Bay.
E) recognize the rebel government in Japan.

Question 58

The Filipino people had no one leader to fight against the United States.

Question 59

When the dictator of Nicaragua began negotiating with Europe to build a second canal the United States

A) paid that country $20 million dollars to cease negotiations.
B) assassinated him.
C) encouraged the negotiations, knowing that competition would lead to better service.
D) paid the European country to withdraw its offer.
E) sent the Marines to overthrow his regime.

Question 60

Queen Liliuokalani was dethroned by American businessmen in Hawaii.

Question 61

Frederick Jackson Turner's "frontier thesis" has stood the test of time.

Question 62

U.S.officials planned from the beginning to transform the Philippines into another state, rather than prepare them for independence.

Question 63

Every presidential administration from the 1880s on committed itself to a "big navy" policy.

Question 64

Woodrow Wilson expressed no interest in Mexican political affairs.

Question 65

William Howard Taft's secretary of state, Philander C.Knox, had extensive diplomatic expertise.

Question 66

The Monroe Doctrine established the principle that the Western Hemisphere is a U.S.sphere of influence.

Question 67

William Howard Taft had no foreign policy experience when he became president.

Question 68

Neither Theodore Roosevelt nor Woodrow Wilson was bothered by the exercise of imperial power.

Question 69

Woodrow Wilson refused to recognize the government of the "butcher" Victoriano Huerta.

Question 70

The United States gave up ownership and control of the Panama Canal in the year 2000.

Question 71

Frederick Jackson Turner published his "frontier thesis" at a time of national prosperity.

Question 72

The Negro cavalries in the Spanish-American War were known as "the Rough Riders."

Question 73

Theodore Roosevelt believed that all nations had the right to sovereignty and self-rule.

Question 74

Export trade of American manufactured goods decreased between 1880 and 1914.

Question 75

Theodore Roosevelt unfairly minimized the role of African-American troops during the Spanish-American War.

Question 76

American soldiers held racist attitudes toward the Cuban guerrillas.

Question 77

The United States annexed Hawaii shortly before the war with Spain began.

Question 78

Few American men volunteered for war with Spain.

Question 79

The United States achieved its major objectives in world affairs.

Question 80

Most of the U.S.casualties in the Spanish-American War were the result of battlefield wounds.