Deck 12: Antebellum Reform

Question 1

The Declaration of Sentiments was modeled most closely on the

A) Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
B) Rights of Man.
C) Declaration of Independence.
D) Declaration of Man and the Citizen.
E) the Bible.

Answer 1

Declaration of Independence.

Question 2

Which political party was most supportive of government involvement in the market developments of the period from 1820 to 1840?

A) Republican
B) Democratic
C) Whig
D) Know-Nothing
E) Federalist

Answer 2

Whig

Question 3

All of the following statements regarding the Auburn System of prisons are true except

A) prisoners were forbidden to speak to one another at any time.
B) prisoners were required to work to provide their own keep.
C) prisoners were kept in solitary confinement to contemplate their misdeeds.
D) prisoners were regimented in military-type formation.
E) the system was designed to reform prisoners and to save money.

Answer 3

prisoners were kept in solitary confinement to contemplate their misdeeds.

Question 4

The abolitionists of the 1830s

A) were all members of the Quaker faith.
B) advocated a bloody civil war to punish slave owners.
C) encouraged the admission of the free state of Texas to the union.
D) persuaded the majority of northern citizens to oppose slavery.
E) were an active and influential minority within the reform movements of the era.

Question 5

Many Catholic parents refused to send their children to public school because

A) they felt that the education received there was inadequate.
B) the teachers were not qualified.
C) students were forced to recite Protestant prayers and read the Protestant Bible.
D) they believed their children would be persecuted.
E) they were too poor to buy their supplies.

Question 6

By the 1830s, in the northern states

A) many free blacks were openly questioning their subordinate position in society.
B) radical Whig evangelicals questioned racism.
C) official segregation by race was illegal.
D) Quakers were the strongest critics of racial segregation.
E) black children were not allowed to attend school.

Question 7

The American Colonization Society focused on which aspect of slavery?

A) morality
B) economic nature
C) the affect on the slave population
D) emotional issues
E) all of these choices

Question 8

The leader of the slave uprising in Haiti that led to that nation's independence in 1804 was

A) Toussaint L'Ouverture.
B) Gabriel.
C) Denmark Vesey.
D) Simon Bolivar.
E) Stono

Question 9

Support for abolitionists came from which of the following regions?

A) western New York
B) southern New England
C) northern Ohio
D) northeastern cities.
E) all of these choices

Question 10

One of the leading crusaders against the use of alcohol was

A) Horace Mann.
B) Lyman Beecher.
C) Stephen Douglas.
D) Lydia Maria Child.
E) Andrew Jackson.

Question 11

Who was most interested in creating a public school system?

A) William Lloyd Garrison
B) Lydia Maria Child
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Horace Mann
E) Alexander Hamilton

Question 12

The most prominent abolitionist in antebellum United States was

A) Charles Finney.
B) Horace Mann.
C) William Lloyd Garrison.
D) Lyman Beecher.
E) Dorothea Dix

Question 13

The annual consumption of alcohol, which had reached an all-time high during the 1820s,

A) was no longer perceived as a problem by the 1830s.
B) remained roughly the same during the 1830s.
C) doubled during the 1830s.
D) quadrupled during the 1830s.
E) dropped by more than one-half during the 1830s.

Question 14

The leading advocate of humane treatment of the insane was

A) Dorothea Dix.
B) Lydia Maria Child.
C) Sarah Josepha Hale.
D) Caroline Kirkland.
E) Andrew Jackson.

Question 15

From the 1820s onward, concerning the issue of race, the Democratic Party

A) considered blacks to be incompetent.
B) wanted to end slavery.
C) wanted to grant equal opportunity to free blacks.
D) wanted to expand slavery.
E) thought that slavery should not be based on race but that it should extend to poor whites as well as blacks.

Question 16

Most women became advocates of women's rights through

A) temperance.
B) abolitionism.
C) sabbatarianism.
D) public school reform.
E) prison reform.

Question 17

Which of the following was not a demand of women's rights reformers in the 1840s?

A) better access for women to property
B) more restrictive divorce laws
C) wages for their own labor
D) custody of their children in cases of divorce
E) the right to vote

Question 18

The first Women's Rights Convention (1848) was held in

A) Philadelphia.
B) Seneca Falls.
C) Boston.
D) Charleston.
E) New York City.

Question 19

The American Colonization Society's opposition to slavery can best be described as

A) courageous and dedicated.
B) noble.
C) half-hearted.
D) hypocritical.
E) nonexistent.

Question 20

Before the 1830s, organized opposition to slavery was mostly limited to

A) American Anti-Slavery Society.
B) William Lloyd Garrison Society.
C) New England Anti-Slavery Society.
D) American Colonization Society.
E) Free Labor Society.

Question 21

The political party most suspicious of federal attempts to promote internal improvements (canals and turnpikes) was the

A) Federalist.
B) Whig.
C) Democratic.
D) Republican Party of the 1850s.
E) Know Nothing.

Question 22

All of the following statements regarding the Washington Temperance Society are true except it

A) identified its members as the laboring classes.
B) only accepted short-term drinkers and rejected "hopeless drunks."
C) was avowedly nonreligious.
D) rejected politics and legislation.
E) called for restoring male authority within the family.

Question 23

The Whig party supported all of the following except

A) public suspicion and mistrust of the influence of privileged economic groups on federal policies.
B) moral legislation regulating alcohol consumption.
C) government-supported internal improvements.
D) an active government role in encouraging the expansion of the market economy.
E) public schools.

Question 24

Outside of religious issues, which of the following was another reason the Irish and German immigrants did not want to send their children to school?

A) They did not speak English.
B) These immigrants tended to be poor and needed their children to work.
C) Their children never performed well.
D) They did not have any institution that was similar back home.
E) all of these choices

Question 25

Sarah Grimke argued that

A) women and African Americans were equal.
B) white men and African American men were equal.
C) men and women were equal.
D) immigrants and American citizens were equal.
E) Protestants and Catholics were equal.

Question 26

On the issue of internal improvements, the Democrats

A) opposed funding projects that would raise taxes and increase state debts.
B) favored increased spending as a means of helping isolated manufacturers reach bigger markets.
C) believed that "good roads and good morals" were interrelated.
D) encouraged "partial" policies that aided certain areas and were paid for by other areas.
E) did not take a stand on the issue.

Question 27

In the early nineteenth century, whites stereotyped blacks as

A) loyal and self-sacrificing.
B) ignorant.
C) thieves.
D) drunks.
E) all of these choices

Question 28

The Advocate of Moral Reform was the newsletter of the

A) American Temperance Society.
B) Magdalen Society.
C) American Anti-Slavery Society.
D) Female Moral Reform Society.
E) the Whig party.

Question 29

Many nineteenth-century northern social reformers believed that criminals, the mentally ill, and poor people

A) were lazy, sinful, devil worshippers.
B) could not be helped by government policies or institutions.
C) should either be drafted into the army or employed in federal work camps.
D) should be deported.
E) had been mistreated as children and could be rehabilitated as adults.

Question 30

In the nineteenth century supposedly "scientific" theories on racial differences indicated that

A) blacks and whites were intellectually and morally equal.
B) blacks were less likely than whites to become drunkards and thieves.
C) whites and blacks were actually two separate species.
D) it was impossible to determine the causes of the physical and mental variations among human beings.
E) All races are equal.

Question 31

The Democratic Party was supported by

A) Irish Catholic immigrants.
B) evangelical Protestants.
C) wage earners
D) independent yeoman farmers.
E) all of these choices.

Question 32

In the 1830s Democrats viewed blacks

A) as potential voters.
B) as non-threatening.
C) as racist caricatures.
D) with sympathy.
E) as potential equals.

Question 33

The Washington Temperance Society was different from other reform groups in that it

A) was a working-class organization.
B) was not affiliated with any religious institutions.
C) opposed prohibition legislation.
D) supported male authority
E) all of these choices

Question 34

During the 1820s through the 1840s, the Democrats

A) trusted the government to do what was best for the country.
B) favored limitations on government power.
C) called for immigration restrictions in order to protect the jobs of native-born workers.
D) believed the government should legislate to encourage "correct" religious behavior.
E) called for religious training in public schools.

Question 35

The "common" schools of the 1820s and 1830s

A) were private, tuition-based church schools.
B) were tax-supported public schools that promoted citizenship and moral standards.
C) were popular with immigrant Irish Catholics who had positive memories of similar institutions set up by the English in Ireland.
D) carefully followed the concept of separation of church and state.
E) caused no controversy, as they enjoyed near unanimous support from both political parties.

Question 36

The most overwhelmingly Democratic group in the country were

A) northern free blacks.
B) immigrant Chinese.
C) native Protestant wage earners.
D) native-born farmers.
E) immigrant Irish Catholics.

Question 37

The New York Magdalen Society

A) was a Roman Catholic School for girls.
B) set up missions to save and reform prostitutes.
C) blamed social ills on the innate sinfulness of women.
D) encouraged women to set up female-owned and controlled factories and businesses.
E) started orphanages.

Question 38

The temperance crusade of the mid-nineteenth century

A) was primarily a middle-class movement that was strongest in the Northeast.
B) was ignored by the U.S.Army, which continued to issue each soldier a weekly liquor ration.
C) targeted Catholics because they used "real wine" in their services.
D) was promoted by the Democratic Party, which called for a constitutional prohibition amendment.
E) led to more widespread drinking.

Question 39

The "national drink" was

A) whiskey.
B) beer.
C) rum.
D) wine.
E) vodka.

Question 40

In the U.S.banking system of the 1830s and 1840s,

A) the federal government issued paper money and controlled interest rates.
B) paper money was eliminated and specie was the only currency in circulation.
C) only gold and silver circulated as money.
D) Democrats in Congress passed laws increasing the amount of paper money and expanding credit for speculators.
E) state-chartered and state-owned banks controlled the amount of money in circulation

Question 41

Whigs differed from Democrats in their approach to public schools in that Whigs believed

A) religious instruction should not be included in public schools.
B) schools should be centralized and controlled by state boards of education.
C) schools should be locally controlled.
D) women should not be allowed to teach in the public schools.
E) schools should be integrated.

Question 42

In the 1830s and 1840s, the Whig Party argued that the government should support economic growth and social progress.

Question 43

The New York Magdalen Society sought to eliminate

A) prostitution.
B) alcohol use.
C) poverty.
D) childhood disease.
E) capitalism.

Question 44

The Whig Party believed that government

A) was an agency of moral reform.
B) was a necessary evil.
C) was a corrupting influence on political leaders.
D) offered the most the most effective means of ending slavery.
E) should strengthen the military and embark on overseas expansion.

Question 45

Democrats feared that government would

A) fail to control the rising crime rates.
B) concentrate power and wealth in the hands of a few.
C) admit too many immigrants.
D) discourage the growth of the market economy.
E) abolish the national bank.

Question 46

The reformer Sarah Grimke wrote that men and women were created equal.

Question 47

Horace Mann is most well known for which of the following issues?

A) abolition of slavery
B) support of slavery
C) educational reform
D) prison reform
E) temperance

Question 48

Dorothea Dix is most well-known for advocating in behalf of

A) slaves.
B) free African Americans.
C) political prisoners.
D) the insane.
E) immigrants.

Question 49

The primary membership of the American Colonization Society came from the northern working classes.

Question 50

Most Democrats in the period from 1820 to 1840 were suspicious of any type of paper currency.

Question 51

Beer was introduced into America by the

A) English.
B) Germans.
C) Irish.
D) Africans.
E) Italians.

Question 52

In 1851, what state became the first of a total of seventeen to enact statewide prohibition?

A) Maine
B) Massachusetts
C) Ohio
D) Iowa
E) Florida

Question 53

In the 1830s, the major complaint of Democrats regarding canal projects was there were not enough of them to benefit the "common folk."

Question 54

Which of the following launched the Postal Campaign?

A) temperance movement
B) women's movement
C) abolitionists
D) prison reformers
E) public education reformers

Question 55

Political debates over public schools focused more on organization than what was taught.

Question 56

The abolitionist newspaper edited by William Lloyd Garrison was the North Star.

Question 57

Of the two major political parties between 1820 and 1840, the Whigs and Democrats, the Democrats were far more likely to promote racism.

Question 58

The Female Moral Reform Society attempted to teach prostitutes morality and household skills.

Question 59

Democrats were the ones most in favor of private banks chartered by state governments.

Question 60

Most southern voters

A) supported extending the right to vote to free blacks.
B) supported social improvement legislation.
C) believed in government support for religion.
D) supported higher taxes.
E) opposed social improvement legislation

Question 61

Democrats often praised market society outright.

Question 62

Banking became the central political issue in nearly every state following widespread bank failures that resulted from the crash of 1837.

Question 63

Democrats often doubted the value of commerce.

Question 64

The first temperance organization was originally called the American Society for the Promotion of Temperance.

Question 65

Democrats were more likely than Whigs to approve appropriations for the more expensive and humane moral treatment centers.

Question 66

Whig education reformers cared more about character building than about traditional academic subjects.

Question 67

Support for the Democratic or Whig Party was a matter of personal identity as much as of personal preference.

Question 68

Southern political divisions had little to do with religion.

Question 69

Almost all Catholic parents wanted their children in public schools.

Question 70

William Lloyd Garrison viewed slavery as America's greatest national sin.

Question 71

Democrats saw government as a tool of progress.

Question 72

Democrats trusted and supported banks.

Question 73

The New York Magdalen Society blamed prostitution on the brutality and lust of men.

Question 74

Whig educators taught that social questions could be reduced to questions of individual character.

Question 75

The Democrats' approach to prisons emphasized rehabilitation.

Question 76

Dorothea Dix advocated the use of flogging and cold showers in the treatment of the insane.

Question 77

Democrats in the mid-nineteenth century saw the government as a potentially dangerous concentration of power in the hands of selfish and greedy businessmen.

Question 78

Democrats believed in a limited government.

Question 79

A majority of middle-class evangelicals supported abolition.

Question 80

Irish and German immigrants strongly supported the temperance movement.