Deck 3: Traditional Computer Crime: Early Hackers and Theft of Components

Question 1

Originally, members of the Legion of Doom (LoD) were ________.

A) phreakers
B) crackers
C) cyberpunks
D) hacktivists

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What was the Illuminati?

A) a board owned and operated by Steve Jackson Games
B) a destructive program that crippled over 6,000 computers in 1988
C) a military database containing sensitive information
D) an organization pointing out security flaws in institutional systems

Answer 2

A

Question 3

________ was the most infamous of all hackers and has been the subject of numerous books and movies.

A) Kevin Mitnick
B) Kevin Poulsen
C) Prophet
D) Urvile

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What motivates pure hackers to steal information?

A) political need
B) intellectual challenge
C) sexual gratification
D) economic desire

Question 5

Which of the following is the least destructive category of hackers?

A) technological thrill seekers
B) insiders
C) informational voyeurs
D) hacktivists

Question 6

What can the exponential increase in online harassment, stock manipulation, and child pornography be attributed to?

A) the introduction of cloud computing
B) the increase in international guidelines for cyberactivity
C) the increase in academic knowledge
D) the increase in anonymous e-mail accounts and remailers

Question 7

Which was the first event to signal the potential of computer crime?

A) the crash of AT&T
B) the destruction caused by the Morris worm
C) the hacking of the MILNET system
D) the victimization of Michigan Bell

Question 8

The theft and resale of which computer component has proven to be the most lucrative?

A) CPUs
B) motherboards
C) integrated chips
D) serial ports

Question 9

Which of the following qualifies as social engineering?

A) the illegal copying and distribution of a newly released theatrical film
B) a brute force search for an employee's password
C) befriending a company's cleaning crew to gain access to rooms and buildings
D) using an anonymizer to conduct hard-to-track Internet searches

Question 10

Which of the following is true of the infamous hacking board Plovernet?

A) It went online in March 1980.
B) It was a breeding ground for hacking groups like LoD.
C) It was responsible for the hacking of the Los Alamos military computers in 1982.
D) It was originally formed in Bonn, Germany.

Question 11

________ are designed to strip the source-address information from e-mail messages.

A) Copper boxes
B) Anonymizers
C) Ethercards
D) Integrated chips

Question 12

________ hat hackers are individuals who identify and exploit system vulnerabilities for nefarious purposes.

A) White
B) Blue
C) Gray
D) Black

Question 13

Which of the following is a factor that leads many individual users of the Internet to assume that their identities are safely protected?

A) the dearth of interjurisdictional communication
B) the difficulty in using modern communication technology
C) the lack of opportunity to engage in computer crime
D) the global acceptance of First Amendment rights

Question 14

Which of the following hacking-related developments occurred after the year 2000?

A) the release of the Morris worm
B) Kevin Poulsen's exploitation of the telecom system to "win" a Porsche
C) the introduction of commercially available security products
D) the emergence of identity theft as an issue for consumers

Question 15

________ are the least sophisticated of all cybercriminals.

A) Script kiddies
B) Cyberpunks
C) Cybercriminal organizations
D) Crackers

Question 16

Who was directly responsible for the downfall of LoD?

A) Control-C
B) Fry Guy
C) Robert Morris
D) Silver Spy

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary motivations for computer intrusion in contemporary society?

A) revenge
B) political motives
C) to benefit others
D) boredom

Question 18

Which of the following hacking-related developments occurred during the 1990s?

A) Robert Morris releases his worm on the Internet, and is indicted under newly passed legislation.
B) Commercially available security products are introduced.
C) Phreakers emerge, costing AT&T a fortune in uncollected long-distance charges.
D) A dramatic increase in hacktivism occurs.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a general category of computer crime?

A) targets
B) means
C) vicinage
D) incidentals

Question 20

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the Secret Service actions that prompted the seminal court case Steve Jackson Games, Inc.v.U.S.Secret Service et al.?

A) The Secret Service used a DDoS attack to infiltrate and sabotage the company's operations.
B) Agents executed an unsigned search warrant.
C) Agents used Gestapo-like tactics by seizing virtually everything, including business records, private electronic mail, and the drafts of forthcoming games.
D) The Secret Service promoted the unfounded view that the bulletin board was a medium for the exchange of hacking information.

Question 21

The increase in anonymous e-mail accounts and remailers has intensified incidences of online harassment, stock manipulation, and child pornography.

Question 22

The term "hacking" was introduced at MIT in the 1980s.

Question 23

Computer thieves have traditionally been able to market their stolen goods as legitimate.

Question 24

Which of the following groups does NOT figure in the multilateral film privacy strategy of the Chinese Triads?

A) privacy pressers
B) hacktivists
C) piracy burners
D) runners

Question 25

Like traditional communication carriers, Internet service providers are required to maintain transmission records.

Question 26

________ acknowledge(s) the futility of trying to stop people from copying software and instead relies on people's honesty.

A) Shareware
B) WareZ sites
C) Parallel imports
D) Broadcast piracy

Question 27

The issue of vicinage has been simplified by the lack of international guidelines for cyberactivity.

Question 28

The term cybercriminal organizations does not include traditional organized crime syndicates.

Question 29

________ can be defined as the reproduction, distribution, and use of software without the permission or authorization of the owner of copyright.

A) Signal theft
B) Theatrical print theft
C) Data piracy
D) Parallel imports

Question 30

Insiders pose the most overrated danger to informational security.

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a method of film piracy?

A) broadcast piracy
B) public performances
C) parallel imports
D) software development

Question 32

What is the primary reason that the resale of integrated chips is so lucrative?

A) increase of legitimate global marketplaces
B) ease in manipulation
C) magnitude of computer transactions
D) the basic law of supply and demand

Question 33

Activities like the theft of computer hardware and the infringement of software copyrights have become unpopular as computer components become smaller and more valuable.

Question 34

Blue boxes were extremely popular among college dorms and were widely considered harmless by users.

Question 35

Traditional hacker culture was characterized by an antiestablishment rhetoric.

Question 36

Hackers, irrespective of national origin, display startling similarities.

Question 37

Shareware publishers encourage users to give copies of programs to friends and colleagues but ask everyone who uses a program regularly to pay a registration fee to the program's author directly.

Question 38

Not all crimes involving computers can be characterized as "computer crime."

Question 39

Fry Guy and the Atlanta Three were directly responsible for the downfall of the Legion of Doom (LoD).

Question 40

According to accomplished phreakers, the theft of telephone access codes requires great technical expertise.

Question 41

Describe the five general categories of cybercriminals in today's society.

Question 42

________ are the most organized groups trafficking in stolen computer components.

Question 43

________ activities may range from snooping around neighbors' computers to searching the recesses of top-secret government databases.

Question 44

The ________ program exploited security holes in the Unix operating system, infecting 10 percent of all computers connected to the Internet.

Question 45

Law enforcement agencies should look to ________ and federal legislation to prosecute computer crimes in the absence of technology-specific legislation.

Question 46

________ is the term use by law enforcement authorities to categorize those involved in vandalism, destructive programs, and general mischief for no economic gain.

Question 47

The promise of anonymity coupled with the dearth of ________ encourages deviant activity.

Question 48

In hacking activities, one computer provides the ________ for the criminal activity, while another serves as the target.

Question 49

List and describe the primary motivations for computer intrusion or theft of information in contemporary society.
The answer should include the following points:
National origin, ideology, or demographics aside, there appear to be six primary motivations for computer intrusion or theft of information in contemporary society:
-Boredom
-Intellectual challenge (mining for knowledge-pure hackers)
-Revenge (insiders, disgruntled employees, etc.)
-Sexual gratification (stalking, harassment, etc.)
-Economic (criminals)
-Political (hacktivists, terrorists, spies, etc.)

Question 50

Many members of the ________ were not malicious or criminal minded and proclaimed themselves as public servants, pointing out security flaws in institutional systems so that repairs would be made.

Question 51

________ are those individuals who have authorized or legitimate access to a computer system, but who exceed that authorization.

Question 52

Operations known as ________ involve prepaid calls being sold on the street using stolen access or PBX codes during operations.

Question 53

Traditionally, criminal statutes were predicated on the ________ of the criminal act.

Question 54

________ refers to the reproduction, distribution, and use of software without the permission or authorization of the owner of copyright.

Question 55

Briefly discuss the three incidents of the 1980s that exposed the vulnerability of data systems and outlined potential repercussions for national security.

Question 56

________ were devices which "tricked" switching systems into granting free access to long-distance lines.

Question 57

________ involves the manipulation of telecommunications carriers to gain knowledge of telecommunications, and/or theft of applicable services.

Question 58

________ sites enable visitors to download software illegally in violation of copyright protections.

Question 59

Differentiate between traditional crime and computer crime.

Question 60

Discuss what can be done to apprehend/prevent computer-related crime.