Deck 3: The Sophist: Protagoras

Question 1

Psyche is Greek for ghost .

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Ethnocentrism is from Greek roots meaning the race at the center .

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Roman law held that philosophers were a race apart .

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Logos is one of the richest and most complex terms in ancient philosophy.

Question 5

The bar-bar noise made in certain non-Greek dialects led Greeks to call those who made it sheep .

Question 6

Heraclitus was a Presocratic philosopher.

Question 7

Thales was the first Western philosopher.

Question 8

Philosophers are always wise.

Question 9

Athens was a democratic state.

Question 10

Aesara of Lydia was an Epicurean philosopher.

Question 11

Thales fell into a well.

Question 12

Plato held that the poisoned loans of moneymakers were one of the causes of increasing numbers of beggars.

Question 13

Democritus held that everything was atoms.

Question 14

Emperor Pius held that a person who haggled over possessions was not a philosopher.

Question 15

The Ethiopians say that their gods are blue-eyed with red hair.

Question 16

Philosophers are lovers of wisdom.

Question 17

The Greek word for wise led to the term sophos .

Question 18

Kosmos is the world order .

Question 19

Hadot was an early Greek philosopher.

Question 20

Thales held that everything was mind.

Question 21

Who were the first philosophers to charge fees for their knowledge?

A) Avarists
B) Platonists
C) Sophists
D) Randians

Question 22

Gyges was from

A) Corinth
B) Rome
C) Athens
D) Lydia

Question 23

Parmenides searched for a solution to the problem of the one and the many .

Question 24

Atoms were, for the ancient Greeks, divisible parts of a larger whole.

Question 25

What did the Sophists hold was the only natural good?

A) Health
B) Power
C) Wealth
D) Pleasure

Question 26

The view that all morality reduces to self-interest is

A) utilitarianism
B) deontology
C) egoism
D) relativism

Question 27

Ontology is the study of being.

Question 28

Heraclitus held that without opposition all things would cease to exist.

Question 29

Persuasive speaking is known as

A) inclination
B) letters
C) rhetoric
D) statesmanship

Question 30

Amaury de Riencourt was a disciple of Descartes.

Question 31

What alone exists, according to Democritus?

A) Sweetness and bitterness
B) Bitterness and color
C) Color and the void
D) Atoms and the void

Question 32

Who was perhaps the greatest Sophist?

A) Aristotle
B) Gyges
C) Democritus
D) Protagoras

Question 33

Pythsagoreans held that numbers were illusions.

Question 34

The popularity of a position is a measure of its merit.

Question 35

Who was the first great Western philosopher?

A) Gyges
B) Aristotle
C) Epicurus
D) Socrates

Question 36

What did the Sophists make Athenian education?

A) Democratic
B) Unavailable
C) Free
D) Aristocratic

Question 37

Parmenides transformed the study of cosmology into the study of ontology.

Question 38

According to Parmenides, all sensations occur in the realm of appearance.

Question 39

Zeno held that everything is always changing.

Question 40

What is an inherent property of atoms?

A) Motion
B) Smell
C) Taste
D) Temperature

Question 41

Which ancient Greek philosopher held that by nature the strong dominate the weak?

A) Socrates
B) Cicero
C) Callicles
D) Epicurus

Question 42

Do you believe that the sophists played a useful role, or not? Explain your answer. Do you think that they are any modern equivalents of sophists in contemporary society? Do they play a useful role, or not? Do your answers to these questions differ, and, if so, why?

Question 43

Pragmatism is from the Greek word for

A) Death
B) Deed
C) Truth
D) Virtue

Question 44

Who first clearly distinguished between appearance and reality?

A) Heraclitus
B) Homer
C) Thales
D) Cicero

Question 45

The U.S. Constitution places emphasis on

A) Pleasure
B) Property
C) Propriety
D) Practicality

Question 46

Who developed the argument of the Flying Arrow?

A) Thales
B) Plato
C) Homer
D) Zeno

Question 47

Do you believe that philosophers should charge for their services? How would they go about this? Does your answer presuppose anything about the value of philosophy? From where might value of any discipline come from?

Question 48

The view that might makes right is an expression of

A) Moral relativism
B) Subjectivism
C) Moral realism
D) Egoism

Question 49

Where was Parmenides from?

A) Crete
B) Sparta
C) Athens
D) Elea

Question 50

Should we try to understand ourselves before we understand the cosmos as a whole? Why, or why not? Explain your answer.

Question 51

Do you believe that analytic discourse is the only path to wisdom? Explain your answer, drawing on the first three chapters of this text.

Question 52

Do you believe that things are ever in motion? Why? Does your answer fit with the views of Zeno? Why, or why not? If it does not, whose view should take precedence, and why?

Question 53

Who wished that war would disappear from the lives of men, and was criticized for this?

A) Aristotle
B) Socrates
C) Homer
D) Heraclitus

Question 54

According to William G. McAdoo, who is it impossible to defeat in argument?

A) A sophist
B) An intelligent man
C) A philosopher
D) An ignorant man

Question 55

Who wrote that the religion of one person is the madness of another?

A) Plato
B) Browne
C) Cicero
D) Thales

Question 56

The Greek term for ordered whole is

A) psyche
B) cosmos
C) logos
D) sophos

Question 57

What, according to Pythagoreans, is the first principle of all things?

A) Air
B) Water
C) Number
D) Motion

Question 58

Which relationship did Heraclitus think was fundamental?

A) That between logos and cosmos
B) That between logos and psyche
C) That between psyche and cosmos
D) That between cosmos and sophos

Question 59

Which form of argument did Zeno use to show that the view that everything is always changing is absurd?

A) Reductio
B) False dilemma
C) Ad hominem
D) Division

Question 60

The question about the nature of nature is

A) physis
B) kosmos
C) sophos
D) philosophos

Question 61

Why should you be moral? If you had a ring of invisibility, what would restrain you for using it for your own selfish ends? Should you restrain yourself from using it for your own selfish ends? Why?

Question 62

Do you agree with Democritus that perceptual qualities are merely matters of convention? What did he mean by this?

Question 63

Do you believe that people should be required to pay for their educations, or should it be free to all who could benefit? Argue for your view.