Deck 11: Tides

Question 1

What is the net force of inertia and gravitational attraction combined?

A) Gravitational forces
B) Centrifugal forces
C) Tractive forces
D) Centripetal forces

Answer 1

C

Question 2

How do intertidal organisms separate themselves?

A) Zones based on the substrate brought in from the tides
B) Zones based on the amount of submergence or emergence in water
C) Zones based on the height of the tides
D) Zones based on the amount of nutrients brought in from the tides.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the relationship between the heights of tides and the amphidromic point?

A) Heights increase with distance from the amphidromic point
B) Heights decrease with distance from the amphidromic point
C) Heights increase closer to the amphidromic point
D) Heights of tides and amphridromic points are not related

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Who came up with the dynamic theory of tides?

A) Isaac Newton
B) Pierre-Simon Laplace
C) Galileo
D) Pytheas

Question 5

What determines the velocity of a tidal wave?

A) Ocean depth
B) Gravity
C) Trade winds
D) Coriolis effect

Question 6

What is one of the newest techniques employed to measure tides?

A) Using simple drogues
B) Using pressure-sensing transducers
C) Using drift bottles
D) Using variations in Earth's magnetic field

Question 7

What is the name for tides caused by inertia and the gravitational force of both the sun and the moon?

A) Solar tides
B) Lunar tides
C) Meteorological tides
D) Astronomical tides

Question 8

What is the tidal datum in reference to in regions with semidiurnal mixed tides?

A) Mean lower low water
B) Mean low water
C) Tidal range
D) Mean tide

Question 9

What has a large impact on the heights and patterns of tides?

A) Climate
B) Gravity
C) Wavelength
D) Basin topography

Question 10

What is the Earth's greatest distance from the sun?

A) Apogee
B) Perigee
C) Aphelion
D) Perihelion

Question 11

What is needed to calculate the speed and direction of tidal current while at sea?

A) The shape of the ocean basin below
B) The magnitude of gravitational forces and inertia
C) The position of the amphidromic point
D) All of these choices

Question 12

The sun and moon are aligned in a right angle with Earth at its vortex. What kind of tide would this produce?

A) Solar tide
B) Flood tide
C) Spring tide
D) Neap tide

Question 13

When high or low tidal currents begin to change direction, it is called:

A) Ebb water
B) Flood water
C) Slack water
D) Stagnant water

Question 14

What is an ebb current?

A) The rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches
B) The rise in sea level as a tide trough approaches
C) The fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches
D) The fall in sea level as a tide crest approaches

Question 15

What is an example of a true tidal wave?

A) Tsunami
B) Tidal seiche
C) Tidal bore
D) Capillary wave

Question 16

What is an amphidromic point?

A) A node in the center of the Earth
B) A node in the center of an ocean basin
C) A node in the center of the Earth-moon orbit
D) A node that indicates the peak in a tidal wave's crest

Question 17

What type of current occurs during a high tide?

A) Ebb current
B) Flood current
C) Slack water
D) Tidal influx

Question 18

What organism uses the tides, specifically high spring tides, to time their breeding behaviors?

A) Fiddle crabs
B) Grunion
C) Hantzchia
D) Sand crabs

Question 19

What does Newton's gravitational model not consider when determining influences on tides?

A) The position of the moon and sun
B) The attraction of the moon, sun, and Earth
C) The position of landmasses in relation to the moon
D) The influence of the moon and sun together

Question 20

What kind of waves are tides?

A) Standing waves
B) Free waves
C) Forced waves
D) Transitional waves

Question 21

Spring tides are seasonal tidal events.

Question 22

What is a disadvantage of using tidal power?

A) It has high operating costs.
B) It requires a large amount of man power.
C) It cannot sustain the world's needs.
D) It adds pollutants to the air.

Question 23

Tidal friction is gradually slowing Earth's rotation.

Question 24

Where was the first tidal powered energy station positioned?

A) The estuary in the Rance River, France
B) The mouth of the Annapolis River, Nova Scotia
C) The Bay of Fundy, between Main and New Brunswick, Canada
D) Bristol, England

Question 25

The west coast of the United States receives two high tides and two low tides of varying heights per day. What kind of tidal pattern is this?

A) Diurnal tides
B) Semidiurnal tides
C) Semidiurnal mixed tides
D) Spring tides

Question 26

A tidal wave moves north in the Northern Hemisphere and south in the Southern Hemisphere.

Question 27

What is the reference level to which a tidal height is compared to?

A) Datum
B) Amphidromic point
C) Tidal range
D) Bore point

Question 28

Who was the first to recognize the connection of the moon's position to the tides?

A) Isaac Newton
B) Aristotle
C) Galileo
D) Pytheas

Question 29

Tides can have a wavelength equal to half of the Earth's circumference.

Question 30

Basin configuration can cause variations in tidal ranges.

Question 31

The moon and Earth remain in a stable orbit due to their mutual gravitational attraction being offset by inertia.

Question 32

A diurnal tidal pattern is easily explained by the natural tendency for water to rock at a specific frequency when in an enclosed basin.

Question 33

There are over 140 factors that affect the generation and alteration of tides in the ocean.

Question 34

Due to tractive forces, solar bulges are ____ in comparison to lunar bulges.

A) larger
B) smaller
C) equal
D) unable to affect tides

Question 35

The resonant oscillation of seismic waves can be enhanced by tides on a smaller scale

Question 36

When do tidal currents reach their maximum velocity?

A) Midway between slack water and high tide
B) During the period of slack water
C) Midway between high and low tide
D) Midway between low tide and slack water

Question 37

Why is the same side of the moon always facing Earth?

A) The gravitational pull
B) The inertia of Earth
C) The length of a solar day in comparison to a lunar day
D) The tidal friction locked the moon's rotation to that of Earth

Question 38

Newton's knew his equilibrium theory of tides was incomplete because the maximum theoretical range was significantly lower than actual tidal ranges.

Question 39

Why does the moon have more of an impact on tides than the sun?

A) The size of the moon is more in balance to Earth
B) The distance of the moon is closer
C) The sun has more power over the tides than the moon
D) The earth rotates around the sun

Question 40

Tides are capable of slowing the Earth's rotation by the following force:

A) Tidal friction
B) Gravitational forces
C) Resonance
D) Centrifugal forces

Question 41

High tides are associated with the area between bulges.

Question 42

What is considered to be a true tidal wave? What occurs during these waves? Using the information you learned in Chapter 10, explain why there needs to be a distinction of a true tidal wave?

Question 43

What are spring tides and neap tides? What tidal behaviors occur with each?

Question 44

How do various organisms utilize the tides? Can you think of examples of these?

Question 45

Tidal current become simpler when they are in the open ocean.

Question 46

What are the different types of tidal patterns? What can influence the tidal pattern of a coastline?

Question 47

Tidal energy as not as successful as other marine energy sources.

Question 48

Tides can be predicted years in advance to an accuracy of approximately 3 centimeters.

Question 49

Large, enclosed bodies of water like the Mediterranean and Baltic seas are subject to large tidal ranges.

Question 50

What is the difference between a solar and lunar day? Which is longer? Why?