Deck 10: Weight Management

Question 1

Problems associated with obesity include all of the following except :

A) hypertension.
B) osteoarthritis.
C) diabetes (type 2).
D) osteoporosis.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of the factors affecting the number of calories spent on voluntary activities?

A) The size of the muscle mass involved
B) The amount of weight being moved
C) The length of time the activity takes
D) The age of the person performing the activity

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In weight control and weight loss, the individual must be aware that "spot reducing":

A) requires special exercises.
B) works best with food reduction.
C) is not possible.
D) works best with exercise and fasting.
E) works best if vitamin supplements are also taken.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In developing a diet plan for weight control, it is important for the individual to do all of the following except :

A) plan the diet.
B) eat regular meals.
C) weigh in only every week or two.
D) use punishments to discourage overeating.
E) emphasize nutrient-dense foods.

Question 5

The _____ refers to how quickly a person spends energy to support the involuntary processes that take place in body cells.

A) total energy output
B) basic calorie intake
C) basal metabolic rate
D) body mass index

Question 6

In the early stages of a low-carbohydrate diet, much of the lost weight is:

A) adipose tissue and lean tissue.
B) water and lean tissue.
C) adipose tissue and bone.
D) bone and water.

Question 7

The theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls is referred to as the _____ theory.

A) set-point
B) external cue
C) internal cue
D) fat cell

Question 8

The most valid criterion by which to judge the effectiveness of a diet is the:

A) speed of weight loss.
B) amount of weight lost.
C) amount of fat lost.
D) maintenance of weight loss afterward.
E) amount of water lost.

Question 9

When evaluating body weight from a health perspective, the individual should be primarily concerned with:

A) bone structure.
B) weight.
C) body fat.
D) calorie intake.

Question 10

The physiological need to eat is referred to as:

A) satiety.
B) appetite.
C) hunger.
D) obesity.

Question 11

Basal metabolic rate is decreased by:

A) growth.
B) gaining lean tissue.
C) low levels of thyroid hormone.
D) fever.

Question 12

In order to gain weight, a person may have to change eating habits and patterns. Which of these suggestions would not be appropriate for someone who is trying to gain weight?

A) Eating more frequently
B) Eating for a longer time
C) Starting with low-calorie foods first
D) Always finishing with dessert

Question 13

The person who wishes to gain weight may have to:

A) quit all activity.
B) eat lots of fats.
C) learn to eat different foods.
D) take vitamin pills.

Question 14

One pound of body fat is equal to _____ calories.

A) 1500
B) 2000
C) 2500
D) 3500
E) 5500

Question 15

In a prolonged diet or starvation, _____ helps keep the body from consuming its vital tissues for energy.

A) metabolism
B) ketosis
C) carbohydrate loading
D) glycogen conversion from muscles

Question 16

On average, a woman is considered obese if she has over _____% body fat.

A) 5
B) 25
C) 33
D) 45

Question 17

Experts have developed the _____ as a means of diagnosing obesity.

A) body mass total
B) body mass index
C) body mass tables
D) chart weights

Question 18

People who store most of their excess fat around the abdomen are at a greater risk for developing all of the following except :

A) hypertension.
B) decreased levels of blood cholesterol.
C) heart disease.
D) diabetes.

Question 19

The overall effect of exercise on the metabolic rate is to:

A) slow it down.
B) speed it up.
C) leave it unchanged.
D) alter its set point.
E) change its preferred fuels.

Question 20

Underweight is traditionally defined as weight _____% or more below the appropriate weight for height.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 21

What is the smallest component of total energy expenditure?

A) Physical activity
B) Thermic effect of food
C) Basal metabolism
D) All three components are about equal.

Question 22

Which of the following statements is false ?

A) Excess fat in the abdomen crowds the abdominal organs.
B) Excess fat in the abdomen raises blood cholesterol levels.
C) Excess fat in the abdomen raises the body's sensitivity to insulin.
D) Excess fat in the abdomen poses greater risks than fat located elsewhere in the body.

Question 23

The ob gene produces a hormone called _____ that tells the body to stop eating when it is released from fat cells.

A) insulin
B) leptin
C) glucagons
D) growth hormone

Question 24

Whether you eat hamburgers or carrot sticks, if what you eat provides excess calories, they will be turned to _____ in a few hours.

A) glucose
B) protein
C) fat
D) cellulose

Question 25

The enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL):

A) determines the rate at which adipose cells store fat.
B) signals the pancreas to release insulin.
C) signals the gallbladder to secrete bile into the small intestine.
D) determines the rate at which the liver makes LDL cholesterol.

Question 26

Stephanie goes to a personal trainer who calculates her BMI to be 20. This means that she is:

A) underweight.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.

Question 27

Joe weighs 225 pounds and is 6 feet tall. His BMI is:

A) 18.5.
B) 25.
C) 30.
D) 42.

Question 28

Sharon weighs 145 pounds and has tried to lose 15 pounds since 10th grade. She loses the weight without too much effort but then over the next few months she returns to her original weight. This would support which obesity theory?

A) Set-point
B) Fat cell
C) Leptin
D) External cue

Question 29

Ketosis occurs when:

A) a person overeats.
B) a person draws on glycogen for glucose.
C) glycogen has been depleted and body fat is used to nourish the brain.
D) glucagon runs out and the pancreas stops synthesizing it.

Question 30

Bulimia nervosa may best be described as:

A) the following of a normal diet.
B) the compulsive consumption of food followed by purging.
C) eating in response to social stimuli.
D) absence of hunger and refusal to eat.

Question 31

Twins raised by adoptive parents tend to have body shapes similar to their biological parents. This supports which theory of obesity causes?

A) External cue
B) Fat cell
C) Behavioral
D) Genetics

Question 32

Jane's waist circumference is 35 inches. Which of the following statements about Jane's body fat distribution is correct?

A) Jane is at greater risk of developing diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.
B) Jane's waist circumference indicates central body fat distribution.
C) Jane has a "pear" shape.
D) a and b
E) all of the above

Question 33

Mary is trying to lose weight and realizes that if she reduces her calorie intake by only 100 calories per day, she will lose about _____ pounds in one year.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 25
D) 45

Question 34

Mice with a defective form of the ob gene tend to:

A) be at their normal weight.
B) be underweight.
C) be overweight.
D) drink more water than normal.

Question 35

If Tim eats enough to provide an extra 500 calories per day above his needs, how long will it take him to gain about one pound of body fat?

A) 1 day
B) 7 days
C) 21 days
D) 30 days

Question 36

After a positive diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, treatment is based upon all of the following except :

A) restoring adequate nutrition.
B) altering psychological patterns.
C) identifying pressures that triggered the disorder.
D) letting the patient decide when and how much to eat.

Question 37

What is removed from excess amino acids and excreted in the urine when they are converted to fat?

A) Oxygen
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Carbon

Question 38

A man with a body fat percentage of _____ or more is classified as obese.

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 25%

Question 39

Ordinarily, the brain and nerves rely on _____ for energy.

A) fat
B) ketones
C) glycogen
D) glucose

Question 40

The basal metabolic rate can be increased by:

A) increasing age.
B) sleep.
C) smoking.
D) low-calorie diets.

Question 41

Gerald has restricted his calorie intake while continuing to exercise, and has been losing 1.5 pounds per week. However, when he weighs himself at the end of week 4, he notices he has not lost any weight since last week. What does this likely mean?

A) Gerald's internal thermostat has slowed down his metabolism to prevent fat loss
B) Gerald is eating in his sleep at night as a response to deprivation
C) Gerald's body is retaining water temporarily as part of the fat-burning process
D) Gerald needs to reduce his calorie intake by an additional 500 calories a day

Question 42

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions. How can you usually distinguish between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

A) The person needs to lose weight initially with anorexia nervosa but not bulimia nervosa.
B) They are not easily distinguishable.
C) Anorexia nervosa leads to an emaciated look, while bulimics may be at their desirable weight.
D) The bulimic usually has low self-esteem while the anorexic does not.
E) Most anorexics are men and most bulimics are women.

Question 43

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions. What would be the best way for the parents to approach Kelly about this problem?

A) Go to school and confront her with the school nurse present.
B) Refuse to accept Kelly's assertion that there is no problem; rather argue that you know best.
C) Let her go to the pediatrician alone.
D) Enlist the help of a reputable counselor before intervening.

Question 44

It is pizza night at the Murphy home and everyone has an opinion about what they should get as a topping on the pizza. Which is the healthiest choice?

A) Peppers and pepperoni
B) Sausage and garlic
C) Extra cheese and sliced tomatoes
D) Mushrooms and onions

Question 45

Which would be an appropriate reward for meeting weight loss goals?

A) Celebrate with friends at your favorite restaurant.
B) Go out for drinks with your boyfriend or girlfriend.
C) Attend a Sunday brunch with a buffet.
D) Go to a theatre with friends to see a show.

Question 46

Among popular diet plans, which has been mentioned as a good option in recent research because of its food variety and evidence-based principles?

A) The South Beach Diet
B) Dr. Ornish Eat More, Weigh Less
C) Weight Watchers
D) The New Glucose Revolution

Question 47

Which of the following people has the greatest chance of succeeding in her/his goal of losing weight?

A) Susan, who is going through a divorce and has 2 small children.
B) Bob, who was just laid off from his job.
C) Melissa, who is in the middle of studying for final exams in college.
D) Dan, who is happily married and likes his job.

Question 48

How do successful weight-loss diets really work?

A) By burning off body fat
B) By reducing absorption in the GI tract
C) By altering the body's metabolism
D) By reducing food energy intake

Question 49

Which procedure involves stapling the stomach closed near the top, leaving only a small pouch that is connected directly to the jejunum (middle section of the small intestine)?

A) Gastric bypass
B) Liposuction
C) Vertical-banded gastroplasty
D) Horizontal-banded gastroplasty

Question 50

Nancy wants to prevent her daughter Andrea from developing disordered eating patterns as she grows up. What should Nancy do?

A) Scold Andrea for expressing negative emotions like anger or fear in public.
B) Help Andrea learn which foods are good and bad so she can avoid bad foods.
C) Ensure Andrea understands that overeating results in body fatness.
D) Teach Andrea to eat only when she is hungry and stop when she feels full.

Question 51

All of the following are good suggestions for eliminating cues that that lead to overeating except :

A) keeping serving dishes off the table.
B) not purchasing high-calorie foods that are hard to resist.
C) asking your spouse or friends to criticize you when you are eating too much.
D) eating slowly, putting the fork down between bites.

Question 52

Mimi, who weighs 180 pounds, is trying to figure out a reasonable daily calorie level that will help her lose weight. You suggest she apply the "10-calorie rule," which would mean she should aim for _____ calories a day to begin with, and switch to _____ calories a day after she loses 10 pounds.

A) 2000; 1700
B) 1800; 1700
C) 1800; 1900
D) 1600; 1800

Question 53

Who probably expended the most calories during her or his workout?

A) Joan, who weighs 130 pounds and ran 2 miles in 17 minutes
B) Bernice, who weighs 130 pounds and walked 3 miles in 45 minutes
C) Jason, who weighs 170 pounds and ran 3 miles in 30 minutes
D) Boris, who weighs 200 pounds and walked 3 miles in 1 hour

Question 54

What does the "rule of three" recommend?

A) It recommends that you should drink 3 cups of milk daily.
B) It recommends that older adults should exercise 3 days each week to prevent weight gain.
C) It recommends that if you want to change a behavior, you might need to try the new behavior 3 times before you can accept it.
D) It recommends that individuals on weight-loss diets should eat at least 3 meals daily to maintain their energy levels.

Question 55

The two factors most responsible for the epidemic of obesity are:

A) physical inactivity and excess calorie intake.
B) excess calorie intake and genetics.
C) genetics and hormonal imbalances.
D) hormonal imbalances and physical inactivity.

Question 56

Mary is looking at a menu trying to decide what to order. She is mindful of her weight, and wants to make a healthful selection. Which item would be the best choice?

A) Ziti with marinara sauce
B) Pasta Alfredo
C) Chicken parmigiana
D) Tempura shrimp
E) Filet with a béarnaise sauce

Question 57

Trends that promote obesity in the U.S. include:

A) the abundance of green space and attractive sidewalks is most communities.
B) the availability of milk, juice, and healthful snacks in most workplaces.
C) the large amount of time children spend watching TV or playing video games.
D) the small food portion sizes sold at restaurants.

Question 58

All of the following are drawbacks to a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet like the Atkins Diet except :

A) it can be too high in saturated fat.
B) it is too high in fiber.
C) it promotes water loss rather than fat loss.
D) it restricts healthy fruits and vegetables.

Question 59

Ted changed his eating habits to lose weight 2 months ago. Yesterday, he bought a gallon of cherry ice cream because it was on sale and he needed a dessert to take to a family party next week, but then couldn't resist eating two bowls of it last night. Ted is very upset that he has "blown it" and reverted to his former overeating. What should he do now?

A) Forgive himself and avoid keeping ice cream in his freezer overnight in the future
B) Give up on his improved eating habits because relapses mean certain failure
C) Practice resisting temptation by keeping ice cream around and not eating it
D) Eat the rest of the ice cream quickly, and then resume healthful eating habits

Question 60

Repeatedly losing and regaining weight without engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise is unhealthy primarily because:

A) this can change body composition.
B) this can cause depression/anxiety.
C) body fat is lost and regained equally.
D) lean muscle tissue is lost and regained.

Question 61

The incidence of obesity is declining in the United States.

Question 62

Vignette #2 Todd has been overweight since childhood but as a college student has made a commitment to lose weight. He goes on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet and after a few months switches to Weight Watchers. After 6 months, Todd has lost 12 pounds but is still overweight. He is discouraged he hasn't lost more weight and he goes to a fast-food restaurant and has two cheeseburgers and a milkshake. Let's see how knowledgeable you are regarding diets so you can effectively help Todd. What advice would you give Todd?

A) "Go back on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution plan."
B) "Focus on your appearance."
C) "Set achievable goals for yourself."
D) "Just eat soup and fruit juices for five days."
E) "Have weight-loss surgery."

Question 63

Any food can make you fat, even broccoli, if you eat enough of it.

Question 64

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions. Treating anorexia nervosa may involve:

A) psychotherapy.
B) hospitalization.
C) family therapy.
D) behavior modification.
E) all of the above

Question 65

The body mass index is used as a method of diagnosing obesity.

Question 66

The term basal metabolic rate refers to the rate of energy use for voluntary actions and activities.

Question 67

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions. Kelly's parents suspect she is purging also. What complication may occur as a result?

A) Hair loss
B) Constipation
C) Tearing of the esophagus
D) Excessive sleeping
E) Nail growth

Question 68

Metabolic syndrome occurs when a person elevates their BMR as a result of regular physical activity.

Question 69

Vignette #2 Todd has been overweight since childhood but as a college student has made a commitment to lose weight. He goes on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet and after a few months switches to Weight Watchers. After 6 months, Todd has lost 12 pounds but is still overweight. He is discouraged he hasn't lost more weight and he goes to a fast-food restaurant and has two cheeseburgers and a milkshake. Let's see how knowledgeable you are regarding diets so you can effectively help Todd. Todd is trying to evaluate his new weight-loss program. Which of the following would indicate that the diet plan offered by the program is healthful and beneficial?

A) The weight-loss program insists on specific food combinations that should or should not be eaten at the same time.
B) The weight-loss program promises a weight loss of about 0.5 to 2.0 pounds per week.
C) The weight-loss program has rigid menus.
D) The weight-loss program sells products that burn fat to be taken along with the foods.
E) The weight-loss program eliminates one group of foods from a person's eating pattern.

Question 70

Infertility may occur if a person is underweight.

Question 71

The most accurate way to find out how much you should weigh is to look up your ideal weight in the ideal weight tables.

Question 72

Vignette #2 Todd has been overweight since childhood but as a college student has made a commitment to lose weight. He goes on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet and after a few months switches to Weight Watchers. After 6 months, Todd has lost 12 pounds but is still overweight. He is discouraged he hasn't lost more weight and he goes to a fast-food restaurant and has two cheeseburgers and a milkshake. Let's see how knowledgeable you are regarding diets so you can effectively help Todd. What is the rationale behind the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution?

A) Your blood type determines the types of foods you should eat.
B) A vegetarian diet that is low in fat accompanied by stress reduction will allow healthful weight loss.
C) Eliminating carbohydrates produces ketosis, which leads to decreased hunger.
D) Diet pills and weight-loss bars are the secret to weight loss success.
E) The consumption of low-glycemic foods prevents unhealthy fluctuations in blood sugar.

Question 73

Vignette #1 Suzanne and Bob have noticed that Kelly, their 16-year-old daughter, has been losing weight lately. She exercises at the gym almost 4 hours a day and seems to be skipping meals. They discuss this with Kelly at the dinner table, but she says there is no problem and urges them to stop worrying. Before taking drastic steps, Suzanne and Bob call their pediatrician. They discuss what has been going on with Kelly and begin to gather facts concerning disordered eating. Let's see how much they have learned by answering these questions. Kelly visits her pediatrician and he notes several symptoms. Which of these symptoms is not characteristic of anorexia nervosa?

A) Growth of hair on the body
B) Intolerance of warm temperatures
C) Drying and yellowing of the skin
D) Lowered blood pressure
E) Severe sleep disturbance

Question 74

A BMI of less than 18.5 is defined as underweight.

Question 75

Vignette #2 Todd has been overweight since childhood but as a college student has made a commitment to lose weight. He goes on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet and after a few months switches to Weight Watchers. After 6 months, Todd has lost 12 pounds but is still overweight. He is discouraged he hasn't lost more weight and he goes to a fast-food restaurant and has two cheeseburgers and a milkshake. Let's see how knowledgeable you are regarding diets so you can effectively help Todd. Which of these foods did Todd have to severely limit while he was on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet?

A) Cheddar cheese
B) Hot dogs
C) Eggs
D) Oatmeal
E) Steak

Question 76

For most people, the body's ordinary metabolic activities account for a smaller part of energy expenditure than do muscular activities.

Question 77

The body's density can be determined with hydrostatic weighing.

Question 78

Of two people who are of the same sex, age, and height and who both weigh the same, one may be too fat, and the other, too thin.

Question 79

Excess weight around the abdomen suggests a greater risk of heart disease than fat anywhere else on the body.

Question 80

Vignette #2 Todd has been overweight since childhood but as a college student has made a commitment to lose weight. He goes on the Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution diet and after a few months switches to Weight Watchers. After 6 months, Todd has lost 12 pounds but is still overweight. He is discouraged he hasn't lost more weight and he goes to a fast-food restaurant and has two cheeseburgers and a milkshake. Let's see how knowledgeable you are regarding diets so you can effectively help Todd. Which mistake did Todd make when eating the cheeseburgers and shake?

A) Allowing negative emotions to reduce self-control
B) Wanting to improve appearance to get love and affection
C) Not exercising to compensate for the extra calories
D) Focusing on appearance
E) Using appearance as a measure of self-worth