Deck 7: Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World

Question 1

Augustine wrote that marriage and the rejection of celibacy allowed for the perfect form of Christian living.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

By the end of the fifth century in the West

A)the Germans greatly outnumbered the Roman population.
B)the German tribes had rejected Arianism.
C)the Romans still controlled the economic resources.
D)the Germans took over the economic resources.
E)Romans and Germans maintained separate cultures for the following several centuries.

Answer 2

the Romans still controlled the economic resources.

Question 3

In 476, the boy emperor Romulus Augustulus was deposed by

A)Constantine.
B)Clovis.
C)Alaric.
D)Odoacer.
E)Aetius.

Answer 3

Odoacer.

Question 4

The Edict of Milan

A)made Christianity the official state religion of the Empire.
B)was Constantine's document officially tolerating the existence of Christianity.
C)officially divided the Roman Empire into eastern and western halves.
D)formally deposed the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, from his throne.
E)made Milan the "New Rome," equal to old Rome.

Question 5

The author of the Ecclesiastical History of the English People was the monk known as the Venerable Bede.

Question 6

Muslims regard Muhammad as a Prophet but not as divine.

Question 7

The heresy of Arianism

A)questioned the divinity of Jesus.
B)denied the existence of God the Father.
C)denied the existence of the Holy Spirit.
D)reverted to Roman polytheistic religious beliefs.
E)doubted the existence of the Holy Spirit.

Question 8

Beginning with Justinian, the center of the Byzantine presence in Italy was Rome.

Question 9

At the synod of Whitby in 664, the English church accepted the Irish practices rather than the Roman.

Question 10

After Constantine's death, the Roman Empire began to divide into western and eastern parts and by the end of the fourth century had become virtually two independent states.

Question 11

The political, economic, and social policies of the restored empire under Diocletian and Constantine

A)meant the destruction of the civil and military bureaucracies.
B)renewed the support of the Roman peasants and lower classes for the Empire.
C)led to the economic rejuvenation of the Empire.
D)were based on coercion and the loss of individual freedom.
E)led to the abandonment of the Eastern Mediterranean with a renewed focus upon Italy.

Question 12

Constantine's support for Christianity supposedly began

A)before the Battle of Milvian Bridge.
B)after his defeat by his rival Maxentius.
C)after Constantine was baptized.
D)as the result of his wife's influence.
E)after he experienced a vision of the apocalypse.

Question 13

Constantine's most enduring reform came in the creation of

A)a new system of Roman law.
B)the "New Rome."
C)wage and price controls.
D)the coloni .
E)the Pantheon.

Question 14

Constantine declared toleration for Christians but did NOT make Christianity the official Roman religion.

Question 15

The Council of Nicaea in 325

A)first organized a system of bishoprics.
B)elected the first pope.
C)defined Christ as being "of the same substance" as God.
D)centered around the heresy of Donatism.
E)was condemned by Constantine.

Question 16

By the second half of the fourth century, German tribes, known as "federates," were incorporated into the Roman army.

Question 17

The most accurate description of jihad is "striving in the way of the Lord."

Question 18

Byzantine armies from Constantinople were responsible for the destruction of the Visigothic kingdom in Spain.

Question 19

Diocletian intended the tetrarchy to

A)make Christianity the foundation of the Empire.
B)rebuild the economic foundations of the West.
C)establish an orderly succession to the emperorship.
D)Romanize the Germanic tribes within the Empire.
E)reinvigorate pagan rituals.

Question 20

In the late fourth century, the Visigoths and other Germanic tribes were pushed into the Balkans region of the Eastern Roman Empire because of pressure from the

A)Byzantines.
B)Vikings.
C)Avars.
D)Arians.
E)Huns.

Question 21

Western monasticism was characterized by

A)study and the preservation of manuscripts.
B)fasting and self-inflicted torments.
C)hard manual labor to learn humility.
D)prayer and meditation.
E)a balance of study, work, and prayer.

Question 22

The doctrine of Petrine supremacy

A)was the belief that the bishops of Rome held a preeminent position in the church.
B)was developed at the Council of Nicaea.
C)declared heresy to be the main problem of the church.
D)declared deacons to have the same spiritual powers as bishops.
E)was the theory that placed the Patriarch of Constantinople as head of the Church.

Question 23

The "Apostle to the Germans" and the most famous churchman in Europe in the eighth century was

A)Gregory the Great.
B)Augustine.
C)Jerome.
D)Benedict.
E)Boniface.

Question 24

The basic rule for western monastic living was developed by

A)Benedict.
B)Athanasius.
C)Jerome.
D)Ambrose.
E)Basil.

Question 25

Jerome is known for all of the following EXCEPT

A)his mastery of Latin prose.
B)his skills as a linguist.
C)his translations of the Old and New Testaments from Hebrew and Greek into Latin.
D)his final return to pagan heresy and rejection of key Christian doctrines.
E)becoming one of the Latin Fathers of the Church.

Question 26

In Germanic society wergeld

A)refers to the payment made by a prospective groom to symbolize the purchase of paternal authority over the bride.
B)allowed a widow to hold property without male guardianship.
C)was the swearing of an oath to determine innocence or guilt under the law.
D)developed as an alternative to acts of revenge for injury.
E)was the punishment assigned to adulterous wives.

Question 27

The Frankish palace official, Charles Martel, successfully defeated which of the following near Poitiers in 732?

A)the Visigoths
B)the Burgundians
C)the Muslims
D)the Byzantines
E)the Merovingians

Question 28

Theodoric, the Ostrogothic king who took control of Italy, was determined to

A)destroy Roman civilization and culture forever.
B)destroy the Jews in Italy.
C)sack the Byzantine Empire and depose the pope.
D)maintain Roman customs and practices in Italy.
E)make German the official and only language.

Question 29

In 597, who did Pope Gregory the Great send to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons?

A)Anthony
B)Leo
C)Constantius
D)Augustine
E)Ambrose

Question 30

The founder of the Frankish kingdom and the first royal Frankish defender of the Catholic faith was

A)Merovic.
B)Conan.
C)Hagar.
D)Clovis.
E)Charles Martel.

Question 31

The withdrawal of Roman armies from Britain enabled

A)Celtic Britons to overrun the island.
B)Angles and Saxons, Germanic tribes from Denmark and Germany, to invade and to establish new kingdoms on the isle.
C)the rise of medieval Scottish culture.
D)local Roman elites to rebuild English Latin culture.
E)someone later known as King Arthur to drive the Vikings from England.

Question 32

Augustine's Confessions was written as

A)a response to pagan philosophers' attacks on Christianity.
B)a warning to unbelievers that damnation awaited the unbaptized.
C)an epic poem to rival the works of the greatest pagan poets.
D)an account of his own miraculous personal conversion.
E)a tool to convert the German barbarians.

Question 33

Pope Gregory the Great was responsible for all of the following EXCEPT

A)creating the Papal States.
B)recognizing the Byzantine emperor as the rightful ruler of Italy.
C)supporting the work of Christian missionaries in England.
D)writing The Ecclesiastical History of the English People .
E)becoming Bishop of Rome.

Question 34

After the death of Theodoric, the Ostrogothic kingdom

A)prospered under very able rulers.
B)was defeated by the Byzantines, reducing Rome as a center of Mediterranean culture.
C)allied itself with the Vandals against the Visigoths.
D)dominated Mediterranean trade for the next fifty years.
E)converted the Germans to orthodox Christianity.

Question 35

The title "vicars of Christ" has traditionally been given to the

A)Bishops of Rome.
B)Archbishops of Alexandria.
C)Patriarchs of Jerusalem.
D)Archbishops of Antioch.
E)Patriarchs of Constantinople.

Question 36

The holy man who created the first community of monks in Egypt and laid the foundations for the monastic movement was

A)Saint Martin.
B)Saint Augustine.
C)Saint Jerome.
D)Saint Anthony.
E)Saint Aquinas.

Question 37

Frankish marriage customs

A)prohibited sexual union until a year after marriage.
B)placed women on an equal footing with their husbands.
C)did not allow divorce.
D)placed strong sanctions on adulterous women.
E)required that husbands have numerous wives.

Question 38

Augustine wrote which one of the following books?

A)Gospel of Truth
B)Consolation of Philosophy
C)Meditations
D)The City of God
E)Latin Vulgate Bible

Question 39

The pope who supposedly caused Attila and the Huns to turn away from Rome was

A)Leo I.
B)Gregory the Great.
C)Peter I.
D)Augustine III.
E)Jerome the Great.

Question 40

The Germans believed that the ordeal

A)could reveal the truth by showing which party God favored in a dispute.
B)would purify the spirit and bring one closer to God.
C)caused eternal damnation because its practice was classified as a heresy.
D)should be a spiritual rather than physical trial.
E)was the best means to deter crime.

Question 41

According to Cassiodorus, the trivium includes which of the following subjects?

A)grammar, rhetoric, and music
B)geometry, music, and astronomy
C)grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic or logic
D)arithmetic, logic, and astronomy
E)history, literature, and mathematics

Question 42

The cardinal principle of the Islamic faith is that there is no God but Allah and his Prophet is

A)Gabriel.
B)Jesus.
C)Moses.
D)Muhammad.
E)Abraham.

Question 43

The eighth-century controversy that set the Latin and Greek Orthodox Christians apart was over

A)the official use of the Greek language in the Byzantine Empire.
B)the election of the pope.
C)iconoclasm, or the destruction of icons.
D)the divinity of the Trinity.
E)whether Muhammad was a true prophet of God.

Question 44

The Corpus Iuris Civilis (Body of Civil Law)

A)was never adopted by the Byzantine Empire.
B)was the last product of eastern Roman culture to be written in Latin.
C)marked a rejection from Roman law.
D)was used only in the east and never in the west.
E)was the first legal text to be written entirely in Greek in the eastern Empire.

Question 45

Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, much of it derived from the holy book Qur'an  and regulating all aspects of Muslim life. This law code is called

A)the Shari'a .
B)jihad .
C)the hajj .
D)Ramadan.
E)the caliphate.

Question 46

Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the

A)Ka'aba .
B)razzia .
C)jihad .
D)Hegira .
E)Shari'a .

Question 47

The Umayyad dynasty moved the capital of the Muslim Empire to

A)Mecca.
B)Córdoba.
C)Tunis.
D)Damascus.
E)Baghdad.

Question 48

The greatest difference between Irish Christianity and Roman Christianity was in

A)Irish church organization, giving Irish abbots more power than bishops.
B)differing interpretations of the Nicene Creed.
C)disputes over the powers of deacons.
D)conflicting views on the power of the Papal Curia.
E)the divinity of Jesus.

Question 49

The best example of Hiberno-Saxon art is

A)a Viking warship.
B)a long sword.
C)the Book of Kells.
D)the architecture at the monastery of Whitby.
E)the Hagia Sophia.

Question 50

Which of the following statements about the Byzantine emperor is NOT accurate?

A)The emperor mimicked Christ-like humility and allowed his subjects to approach him as equals.
B)The emperor appointed the patriarch and thus exercised control over both church and state.
C)The power of the emperor was considered absolute.
D)The emperor was portrayed as chosen by God to preserve the true Christian faith.
E)The emperor was crowned in sacred ceremonies.

Question 51

The famous Hagia Sophia is recognizable by

A)a large dome, symbolizing the sphere of heaven.
B)massive columns, symbolizing the power of the state.
C)high spires, symbolizing aspiration to the divine.
D)statues of monsters and snakes, representing the underworld.
E)a simple flat roof, symbolizing the temple of Solomon.

Question 52

The successors to Muhammad's leadership of the Muslims were known as

A)Bedouins.
B)caliphs.
C)sultans.
D)popes.
E)prophets.

Question 53

The primary instrument of Pope Gregory for converting the Germanic peoples of Europe was

A)the imperial army.
B)monasticism.
C)bribery.
D)his oratory.
E)the eastern Empire.

Question 54

Muhammad was born in

A)Jerusalem.
B)Rome.
C)Yathrib.
D)Constantinople.
E)Mecca.

Question 55

The seventh-century nun who founded the monastery of Whitby was

A)Saint Catherine.
B)Saint Joan.
C)Saint Hilda.
D)Saint Jesmine.
E)Saint Theodora.

Question 56

In the year 532, Justinian almost fled the capital because of

A)a plague.
B)an invasion.
C)a vision from heaven.
D)his plan to run off with the palace funds.
E)the Nika riots.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Christianity and Islam?

A)Each of the faiths had a holy book.
B)Both Muhammad and Jesus considered themselves to be divine.
C)Both religions were monotheistic.
D)Both religions had as part of their scriptures divine revelation.
E)Both religions envisioned heaven or paradise for believers.

Question 58

Justinian's military conquests under the great general Belisarius

A)included both Spain and Gaul.
B)solved the eastern Empire's economic problems.
C)helped Italy economically.
D)were short-lived.
E)permanently returned control of the Mediterranean to the eastern Empire.

Question 59

Irish monasticism from the sixth through eighth centuries tended to be highly

A)ascetic.
B)isolationist.
C)scornful of pagan practices.
D)scornful of classical education.
E)anti-monastic.

Question 60

Justinian's most important lasting contribution to Western civilization was his

A)codification of Roman law.
B)reconquest of western Europe.
C)prevention of the migration of eastern peoples to the west.
D)promotion of the use of Latin.
E)patronage of the writer Procopius, whose Secret History praised Justinian's policies.

Question 61

Talk about:
compurgation and ordeal

Question 62

Talk about:
Council of Nicaea

Question 63

Talk about:
Huns, Visigoths, Ostrogoths, and Vandals

Question 64

Talk about:
Arianism

Question 65

Talk about:
Odoacer

Question 66

Talk about:
curiales

Question 67

Talk about:
heresy

Question 68

Talk about:
Theodoric

Question 69

Talk about:
Clovis

Question 70

Talk about:
celibacy

Question 71

Talk about:
Franks

Question 72

Talk about:
Valens

Question 73

Talk about:
Theodosius

Question 74

Talk about:
inflation

Question 75

Talk about:
Edict of Milan

Question 76

Talk about:
major domus

Question 77

Talk about:
tetrarchy

Question 78

Talk about:
Charles Martel

Question 79

Talk about:
federates

Question 80

Talk about:
wergeld