Deck 51: The Reemergence of the Muslim World

Question 1

Which country is the largest oil producing state in the Middle East?

A)Lebanon.
B)Israel.
C)Saudi Arabia.
D)Iraq.
E)Kuwait.

Answer 1

Saudi Arabia.

Question 2

As Shah of Iran, Muhammed Reza Shah Pahlavi did all of the following except

A)prohibit Westernization in all its forms.
B)maintain and use a powerful army and police force.
C)use oil profits to build large-scale government projects and live lavishly.
D)neglect the wellbeing of the urban and rural underclass.
E)rule from 1941 to 1979.

Answer 2

prohibit Westernization in all its forms.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of the Balfour Declaration?

A)It predated the McMahon-Husayn Correspondence.
B)It duplicated the wording in the McMahon letter.
C)It promised support in establishing a "Jewish national homeland."
D)It promised to prevent the establishment of a "Jewish national homeland."
E)None of the options are correct.

Answer 3

It promised support in establishing a "Jewish national homeland."

Question 4

What controversial action did the Jews take shortly after winning the Arab-Israeli War of 1948?

A)The Jews declared amnesty for all Non-Arab illegal immigrants.
B)The Jews expelled several hundred thousand Palestinian Arabs.
C)The Jews declared a moratorium for further Jewish immigration.
D)The Jews declared an open border policy to reduce Arab hostility.
E)The Jews requested an end to the League of nation mandate.

Question 5

What is the unique aspect of Islam among the major religions of the world?

A)Islamic law recognizes no separation between religious belief and civil laws.
B)Fundamentalism is the choice of the majority of adherents to Islam today, and always has been.
C)Holy wars have always been aimed only at non-Muslims, or infidels.
D)Muslims have never used warfare to spread their faith until the 20th Century.
E)Islam encourages religious freedom more than other major religions.

Question 6

After the Yom Kippur War (1973), OPEC imposed an oil embargo, which produced all of the following consequences except

A)a rise in the price of crude oil.
B)double-digit inflation.
C)a business recession.
D)a shortage of available laborers.
E)a permanent altering of the labor markets in some countries.

Question 7

Coming to power in the Iranian Revolution of 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini

A)required all Iranians to convert to Sunni Islam.
B)imposed strict anti-Western, anti-secular policies.
C)called for an alliance with Britain and the United States.
D)offered to share power with the shah.
E)None of the options are correct.

Question 8

According to the McMahon Letter (1915), the British promised to

A)Help establish an Arab state in the region between Iraq and Egypt.
B)Prevent the establishment of a Jewish state.
C)Remain neutral in regard to the disposition of Ottoman land.
D)Help establish an Arab state only if the Arabs accepted a Jewish state.
E)Prevent the establishment of an Arab state.

Question 9

The World War I army officer who established the Republic of Turkey and followed a policy of modernization and secularization was

A)Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.
B)Husayn ibn Ali al-Hashimi.
C)Ahmed Ben Bella.
D)Mahmood Mohamed Ali.
E)Mohandas Gandhi.

Question 10

In terms of population, what is the largest Muslim country in the world?

A)Indonesia.
B)Lebanon.
C)Iran.
D)Morocco.
E)Syria.

Question 11

In 1964, Arab leaders formed the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). What was the purpose of the PLO?

A)To promote peaceful coexistence with Non-Arabs.
B)To create a universal Muslim brotherhood.
C)To help women in Arab countries gain civil rights.
D)The advancement of science and technology.
E)The destruction of the state of Israel.

Question 12

In 1948, Zionist leaders in Palestine proclaimed the state of Israel, resulting in

A)An Arab victory.
B)Over 500,000 Palestinian Arabs being expelled from their ancestral lands.
C)Occupation force under the British army.
D)A generation of peace between Palestinian Arabs and Jews.
E)All of the options are correct.

Question 13

What was the status of the Near Eastern Arab lands after World War I?

A)The Arabs achieved their long-sought-after independence.
B)The Arab lands remained under Zionist control.
C)The lands became mandates of the French and British.
D)The Arab lands were allied with the Non-Arabic Bangladeshis.
E)The Arabs established bonafide democratic republics.

Question 14

What was meant by the concept of a mandate in geopolitical terms?

A)Mandates were permission to extract oil.
B)Mandates were locations set aside as colonies.
C)Mandates were essentially occupied territories.
D)Mandates were compulsory rules for Arabs.
E)Mandates were areas liberated from the Germans.

Question 15

What has been the major area of conflict between India and Pakistan since their independence from Britain?

A)U)S. economic sanctions.
B)Chinese political agitation.
C)The province of Kashmir.
D)Nuclear weapons.
E)Rivalry over the waters of the Indus River.

Question 16

Beginning in the 1880s, and continuing for the following years, what led to increasing Jewish immigration into Palestine?

A)The need for laborers in the underpopulated Arab lands.
B)The founding of the international Zionist movement by Theodor Herzl.
C)The destruction of the Ottoman Empire creating a political vacuum.
D)The rise of Islamism and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
E)The establishment of League of Nations mandate in Palestine.

Question 17

After World War I, the Ottoman Empire was dismantled. The Arab lands became mandates under the League of Nations, and Turkey became

A)a colony of the United States.
B)a dependency of Greece in an effort to revive the Byzantine Empire.
C)a colony of Britain and France.
D)a mandate under the League of Nations.
E)an independent state.

Question 18

Which secularist head of state is incorrectly matched with his country?

A)Gamal Abdel Nasser - Yemen.
B)Anwar Sadat - Egypt.
C)Hafiz al-Asad - Syria.
D)King Husayn - Jordan.
E)None-- all of the options are correctly matched.

Question 19

Which Muslim terrorist group is believed to be responsible for the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon?

A)Jihad.
B)Islamic Brotherhood.
C)al-Qaida.
D)Palestine Liberation Organization.
E)None of the options are correct.

Question 20

The First Persian Gulf War resulted from Iraq's invasion of

A)Iran.
B)Palestine.
C)Kuwait.
D)Turkey.
E)Bosnia.

Question 21

Assess the significance of oil to global politics and the global economy.

Question 22

Term for identification: Sukarno

Question 23

Term for identification: Six-Day War

Question 24

The largest Muslim state,                 , attained independence in 1949.

Question 25

Term for identification: OPEC

Question 26

Beginning in 2010, uprisings in several countries, collectively known as the Arab Spring, have signified a popular call for

A)Sharia law.
B)Reform of government and the overthrow of several leaders.
C)War against Israel.
D)Union of Arabic-speaking countries.
E)An exclusively Muslim government.

Question 27

Term for identification: Muslim Brotherhood

Question 28

Term for identification: Zionists

Question 29

In recent years the so-called ____________________ is a term applied to a wave of demonstrations, rebellions, and revolutionary movements in some Arab Muslim countries.

Question 30

Term for identification: Iran-Iraq War

Question 31

What does OPEC stand for?

A)Office of Palestinian Export Control
B)Official Petroleum Export Commission
C)Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
D)Oversight of Popular Exports Committee
E)Organization of Palestinian Extremist Countries

Question 32

Term for identification: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

Question 33

Lacking notable human, mineral, or energy resources,                         and                       are two Muslim states that are heavily dependent on aid from foreign sources.

Question 34

The network of Muslim terrorists formerly led by the now dead Osama bin Laden is called ____________________.

Question 35

In the 1920s, the Salafi Muslims in Egypt formed an organization called the ____________________ which advocates violence to achieve its goals.

Question 36

Which term best describes the post-independence Indonesian government?

A)Terrorist.
B)Guided democracy.
C)Military dictatorship.
D)Absolutist monarchy.
E)Communist.

Question 37

Term for identification: mandates

Question 38

Term for identification: Ayatollah Khomeini

Question 39

contains the largest population of the Arab world.

Question 40

Term for identification: Saddam Hussein

Question 41

Elaborate on the state of Muslim nations today, both Arab and Non-Arab.

Question 42

Compare and contrast Turkey and Iran in their experience in the 20th century.