Deck 9: Greek Humanism, 800-100 Bce

Question 1

Which of the following describes a true epicurean, in the original sense of the word?

A)works in politics for the good of the community
B)works tirelessly to ensure the equal treatment of all citizens
C)shuns earthly wealth in favor of living a simple, austere life
D)searches endlessly for the natural laws governing human life
E)spends much time examining his or her own personal life, trying to achieve serenity in all things

Answer 1

spends much time examining his or her own personal life, trying to achieve serenity in all things

Question 2

All of the following is true of a Hellenistic polis EXCEPT

A)It was a true urban civilization.
B)Towns were centers of commerce and learning.
C)The free majority in town felt a sense of community.
D)Greeks intermarried and were absorbed by the larger ethnic groups.
E)The Eastern way of thought dominated the polis.

Answer 2

The free majority in town felt a sense of community.

Question 3

What field was most affected by Alexander's expansion of his empire into the Middle East?

A)architecture
B)religion
C)science
D)literature
E)business

Answer 3

science

Question 4

What was the primary concern of the pre-Socratic philosophers?

A)They were seeking answers outside of religion and magic.
B)They were comparing political systems.
C)They were analyzing ethical problems.
D)They were deriving meaning from the arts.
E)They were studying political systems.

Question 5

All of the following statements are true of Stoicism EXCEPT

A)It only had a small, select following.
B)It was a product of a freed slave.
C)It emphasized the unity of all humanity.
D)It taught good people were obliged to help the less fortunate.
E)It became popular with the Romans.

Question 6

All of the following are true of Greek architecture EXCEPT

A)Its strengths were harmony and symmetry of parts within the whole.
B)It had the ability to depict ideal beauty of human form.
C)It maintained realism in its portrayal.
D)The artists lacked mastery of stonework.
E)It had a combination of grace and strength balanced in vital tension.

Question 7

In what field of study did Eratosthenes produce his greatest work?

A)geography
B)mathematics
C)astronomy
D)physics
E)medicine

Question 8

What is meant by the term Socratic method in reference to modern teaching methodologies?

A)That teaching style looks for practical methods to solve problems aimed at improving society.
B)The Socratic method uses problematic questioning that challenges students to go beyond what they think they know.
C)The Socratic method concentrates on learning the basic mathematical and scientific laws and theories.
D)That style stresses examination of theories over finding practical uses for knowledge.
E)That style of teaching uses a theoretical basis that demands much written work of students.

Question 9

Which philosophy called for a return to simplicity and a rejection of artificial division?

A)Epicureanism
B)Cynicism
C)Stoicism
D)Pre-Socratic
E)Humanistic

Question 10

Which of the following was NOT introduced by the classical Greeks?

A)epic poetry
B)sculpture of the human form
C)drama
D)the novel
E)classical architecture

Question 11

How did the ancient Greeks define philosophy ?

A)logical thinking and resultant scientific research
B)the love of knowledge for its practical purposes
C)scientific research into the human mind
D)questioning of authority
E)natural examination of all aspects of knowledge

Question 12

How did the Greeks view their gods and goddesses during the Hellenistic era?

A)The religion was very important to the spiritual growth of the country.
B)They believed both gods and humans were related and descended from the Earth Goddess.
C)The gods were always good and strong so they should be emulated.
D)They became much more human-like.
E)The gods and goddesses were more or less forgotten.

Question 13

Which of these was considered a mystery religion in Hellenistic Greece?

A)cult of Serapis
B)Christianity
C)cult of Zeus
D)cult of Hera
E)golden mean

Question 14

Which field of study reflects the greatest contributions made by the Empiricists?

A)philosophy
B)mathematics
C)medicine
D)sociology
E)astronomy

Question 15

Which philosopher is considered the founder of scientific medicine?

A)Zeno
B)Anaximander
C)Hippocrates
D)Strabo
E)Archimedes

Question 16

Which philosopher was considered the father of the theory of natural evolution?

A)Epicurus
B)Diogenes
C)Zeno
D)Anaximander
E)Aristotle

Question 17

How would the Greeks have defined hubris?

A)political ineptitude
B)social climbing
C)unwarranted overconfidence
D)overarching ambition
E)jealousy

Question 18

What is considered Greece's lasting legacy?

A)The Greeks spread their culture through trade.
B)Only Greek philosophy survived conquest by other cultures.
C)There was no standard Greek culture because of the ethnically diverse poleis.
D)Most of Greek culture was lost to history.
E)Romans adopted much of the Greek heritage.

Question 19

Which statement best describes the humanistic view of the Greeks?

A)Man is the measure of all things.
B)Pleasure is the avoidance of pain.
C)Virtue is its own reward.
D)Love of wisdom.
E)Women were sensitive to the voice of the gods.

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT an object exported by the Athenians?

A)clay
B)metal
C)stone
D)leather
E)wood

Question 21

Christian and Muslim scholars viewed ____________________ as the "Master" of science and philosophy.

Question 22

The pre-Socratic philosophers developed the idea there was a set of phenomena in nature that explained why certain things occur, which they called ____________________.

Question 23

____________________ was the father-figure and ruler among the Greek deities.

Question 24

Which of the following was NOT a major center of literature during the Classical Age?

A)Athens
B)Antioch
C)Alexandria
D)Rhodes
E)Pergamum

Question 25

In ancient Greece, slavery affected both Greeks and foreigners and was most commonly the result of ____________________.

Question 26

The Greek philosophy of ____________________ could be summed up as the goal of avoiding pain, seeking pleasure, and finding inner peace by self-discovery.

Question 27

Because of the turmoil in Greece during his lifetime, Plato held views that were ____________________.

Question 28

What is one noticeable difference between Hellenic and Hellenistic art and literature?

A)Hellenistic literature built on the successes of the Hellenic period and became even greater.
B)Hellenistic art seemed more boastful and pretentious than Hellenic art.
C)Stone and bronze sculpture reached its apex in Hellenic times.
D)Hellenistic artists were more subdued and conservative than Hellenic ones.
E)More expressive art came out of the Hellenic era, because the people were much wealthier.

Question 29

Which of the following Greek deities was the god of the sun?

A)Poseidon
B)Zeus
C)Apollo
D)Demeter
E)Dionysus

Question 30

What outlet did Greek women have as a source of power in public life?

A)Spartan women became warriors alongside their men.
B)Women frequently acted as priestesses in Greek religion.
C)Rural women would conduct business inside the poleis.
D)Athenian women enjoyed citizenship and all the rights associated with such status.
E)They were responsible for some of the greatest scientific achievements of the Greeks.

Question 31

How did Greek slavery change over time?

A)It became hereditary.
B)The silver mines came to be worked by debtor slaves.
C)The number of slaves decreased dramatically.
D)Skilled craftsmen were enslaved so that their masters could profit from their artistry.
E)Most came to be used as farm labor.

Question 32

The Greeks learned the skill of making ____________________ and  ____________________ from the Egyptians and the Minoans.

Question 33

In astronomy, Ptolemy promoted the ____________________ theory, which said the Earth was the center of the universe.

Question 34

Which philosophy was the least popular because of the rigid poverty required?

A)Stoicism
B)Epicureanism
C)Cynicism
D)Pre-Socratic
E)Humanism

Question 35

The gods would rain down disaster on a man who exhibited overconfidence, or ____________________.

Question 36

In the third century B.C.E., a museum and library were established for the advancement of all types of studies by Hellenistic scientists. In which city was this famous center of learning and research?

A)Constantinople, Greece
B)Jerusalem, Israel
C)Babylon, Mesopotamia
D)Alexandria, Egypt
E)Rome, Italy

Question 37

Tried and found guilty of corrupting the youth of Athens, Socrates was forced to ____________________.

Question 38

What was the classical attitude toward male homosexuality?

A)condemnation
B)disgust
C)enthusiastic encouragement
D)toleration
E)disbelief

Question 39

What was the major emphasis of pre-Socratic philosophy?

A)aesthetics
B)political balance
C)generalized inquiry
D)natural law
E)mathematical logic

Question 40

Which group of Greek women benefited most when the Romans took control?

A)slave women
B)middle class women
C)upper class women
D)military wives
E)business women

Question 41

Compare and contrast religion, humanism, and mystery religions in the Greek civilization.

Question 42

Discuss and give examples of the major art forms the Greeks contributed to Classical Mediterranean civilization.

Question 43

Term for identification: Empiricists

Question 44

Term for identification: Socrates

Question 45

Term for identification: cynicism

Question 46

Explain how gender and class issues contrasted with Greek society's idea of philosophy and government.

Question 47

Term for identification: humanistic

Question 48

Term for identification: golden mean

Question 49

Term for identification: Philosophy

Question 50

Term for identification: hubris

Question 51

Term for identification: anthropomorphic gods

Question 52

Term for identification: Plato

Question 53

Discuss and elaborate on the three major periods of Greek philosophy. Consider natural, philosophical, and political aspects of Greek philosophy in your response.

Question 54

Hellenic culture is often considered to be a "high point in the history of the Western world." Would you agree? Why or why not?

Question 55

Term for identification: Aristotle

Question 56

Identify and give examples of the most significant contributions of Greek philosophy to the modern civilized world.