Deck 15: Islam

Question 1

How were Christian and Jewish merchants as well as artists treated as conquered subjects of the Muslims?

A)paid extremely high taxes to the occupiers
B)were, for the most part, able to carry on their daily lives much as they had before
C)were excluded from the international trade networks
D)received less business than did their Muslim neighbors
E)were especially pressured to convert to Islam

Answer 1

were, for the most part, able to carry on their daily lives much as they had before

Question 2

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the success of Muhammad and his followers in spreading Islam?

A)The faith was simple to explain and to understand.
B)Believers were promised an eternal reward for their faithfulness.
C)Islam's moral and ethical code attracted many who disliked the dissension of Christianity and the complexities of Judaism.
D)The Five Pillars of Faith were easier to hold to than were the Ten Commandments.
E)The doctrine of salvation that Muhammad preached gave believers a single, living God who promised never to fail them.

Answer 2

The Five Pillars of Faith were easier to hold to than were the Ten Commandments.

Question 3

Which of the following was a factor in how Islam quickly became the dominant religion in places such as Syria and Lebanon?

A)the sharp divisions within Christianity
B)the exclusionary practices of the Jews
C)major military assaults that were unrivaled in their viciousness
D)the promise of economic success held out to those who converted peacefully
E)the leadership of Abu Bakr

Answer 3

the sharp divisions within Christianity

Question 4

Which statement best describes Mecca during Muhammad's life?

A)a haven for thieves and lawbreakers
B)a cosmopolitan center of trade
C)one of the least religious cities in Arabia
D)open to new religious views
E)accepting of the new precepts of Islam

Question 5

What would be the best description of the Caliph Muawiya?

A)He was clearheaded and cautious.
B)He was an austere, quiet leader.
C)He was a capable statesman.
D)He was diligent but unimaginative.
E)He was adventurous and somewhat careless.

Question 6

Which of these statements is true of jihad ?

A)Jihad means to strive against the desire for worldly goods.
B)All Muslims are commanded by God to participate in jihads .
C)Participating in a jihad was one way for young men to attain adulthood.
D)A jihad always involved a military holy war.
E)Dying in a jihad assured one of an eternal reward.

Question 7

What is the literal meaning of the Arabic word Islam ?

A)submission
B)holy war
C)conversion
D)son of Allah
E)acceptance

Question 8

How did Muhammad change the view of women through Islam?

A)He taught that women and men were equal.
B)He acknowledged certain basic rights for women.
C)He rendered women legally powerless.
D)He insisted on the wearing of veils.
E)He implied that women were to serve their husbands at all times.

Question 9

Who was considered the first caliph?

A)Abu Bakr
B)Muhammad
C)Omar
D)Abbas
E)Ali

Question 10

What happened to Islam as a result of Muhammad's death?

A)persecution for his followers
B)an uncertainty as to how to go about recording his verbal teachings
C)a sharp division among the faithful as to how future leaders should be selected, and what their qualifications should be
D)a great deal of concern among the faithful that God might no longer bless them
E)the selection of Omar as the first caliph

Question 11

Which group believed that only a Muslim free of sin was to be the caliph?

A)Shi'ite
B)Dhimmis
C)Sunni
D)Kharijites
E)Umma

Question 12

What was the result of the assassination of the Fourth Caliph?

A)the formation of the Abbasid Dynasty
B)a civil war that lasted for one hundred years
C)the establishment of a system for selecting caliphs that pleased both groups
D)the establishment of the Umayyad Dynasty
E)the capital city of Islam being moved back to Mecca from Medina

Question 13

Which of the following statements defines the umma?

A)It was a collection of Muhammad's writings.
B)It was a set of law codes based on the Qur'an.
C)It was the Islamic leaders after Muhammad.
D)It was a Muslim community founded by Muhammad.
E)It was a single family unit.

Question 14

What was the purpose of the Ka'ba during Muhammad's life?

A)It possessed healing properties.
B)It was the physical representation of Allah.
C)It had animistic spiritual qualities.
D)It was known for its astronomical predictions.
E)It was considered a piece of beautiful artwork.

Question 15

Which of the following statements best describes the mawali ?

A)They were peasants who performed artisan tasks in the Muslim community.
B)They were non-Arab Islamic converts who were considered second-class Muslims.
C)They  had special wealth or prestige.
D)They were slaves taken as part of conquest and expansion during the Caliphate.
E)They lived in the cities to have sufficient access to places of worship.

Question 16

What was the most likely cause of the economic crisis facing the Arabs at the time of Muhammad?

A)a lack of rainfall
B)overpopulation for the available resources
C)a disease that ravaged the flocks
D)a decline in gold supplies from Africa
E)too many invading armies

Question 17

Why is 622 C.E. considered the first year of the Muslim calendar?

A)It is the year of the birth of Muhammad.
B)It is the year of Muhammad's triumphant return to Mecca.
C)622 C.E. is the year in which Muhammad instituted the jihad .
D)It marks the death of the prophet Muhammad.
E)622 C.E. is the year of Muhammad's flight to Medina.

Question 18

What is the religious shrine that contains the Black Stone that God gave to Ibrahim?

A)the Hijra
B)the Mawali
C)Sayf Allah
D)the Blue Mosque
E)the Ka'ba

Question 19

What prompted the religious pilgrims to visit Mecca each year?

A)The pilgrims came to hear Muhammad preach.
B)They came to worship clan idols at the Ka'ba.
C)The pilgrims were seeking new wives.
D)They came to visit Muhammad's grave.
E)It was a place to renew their commitment to Allah.

Question 20

According to Islam, the rules for righteous living included which of the following?

A)a hajj once every five years
B)dietary restrictions against meat
C)prayer ten times daily
D)giving help to the poor through alms
E)a week of fasting each six months

Question 21

What event led to the founding of the Umayyad Dynasty?

A)The Muslim world devolved into civil war.
B)The Abbasid Dynasty lost power.
C)The Kharijites lost power.
D)The Sunni sect lost some of its influence.
E)The murder of the Fourth Caliph.

Question 22

The basic ideas of Islam are expressed in the ____________________, which were used in winning converts because of their simplistic and ritualistic nature.

Question 23

What was the main problem faced by the Abbasid Empire?

A)its inability to quell political unrest
B)the failure to convert captured peoples to Islam
C)a poor economy
D)its size and diversity
E)who should succeed to the position of caliph

Question 24

How did the caliph Uthman impact Islam?

A)Uthman was considered the real founder of the Muslim Empire.
B)He implemented the first jihad.
C)He ordered a new, official version of the Qur'an.
D)He established a new capital city at Baghdad.
E)He founded the Abbasid Dynasty.

Question 25

The  ____________________, known as Peoples' of the Book, were n on-Muslims who were considered to be closer to an understanding of the truth and, therefore, more privileged.

Question 26

In which of the following areas was a relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims prohibited?

A)business
B)marriage
C)government
D)banking
E)legal

Question 27

Muhammad founded the Muslim community called the ____________________, which combined both secular and religious affairs.

Question 28

The pilgrimage to Mecca is referred to as the ____________________.

Question 29

The ____________________ dynasty turned away from an all-Arab elite within religion and government.

Question 30

What type of rule did the caliphs establish after Muhammad's death?

A)Islamic oligarchy
B)Islamic monarchy
C)Arab Islamic theocracy
D)secular Democracy
E)Arab Islamic dictatorship

Question 31

When did Muhammad have a religious awakening?

A)as a result of a childhood experience
B)in his middle years, after a series of visions
C)in response to the Christian conquest of Mecca
D)after an encounter with a wandering holy man
E)after his rejection of the Jewish faith

Question 32

Which group transformed Islam into a true world religion?

A)Shi'ites
B)Abbasids
C)Sufis
D)Umayyads
E)Quraysh

Question 33

The last orthodox caliph, according to Shi'ites, was ____________________.

Question 34

The supporters of Muawiya and the Umayyads developed into the ____________________ sect of Islam.

Question 35

When his life in Mecca was threatened in 622 C.E., Muhammad fled to the city of  ____________________.

Question 36

After Muhammad's death, ____________________ was selected as caliph because of his close relationship to the prophet.

Question 37

What led to the downfall of the Umayyads?

A)The religious and secular affairs of the community were separated under the Umayyads.
B)The community of believers lost faith in the caliph.
C)Rebel mawali armies demanded equality with Arab Muslims.
D)The Caliphate was too large to govern effectively.
E)There was no surviving male to assume the role of caliph.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT one of the Five Pillars of Islam?

A)frequent and regular prayer to Allah
B)fasting at prescribed times
C)almsgiving
D)a pilgrimage to Mecca if one is able
E)taking up arms against the infidel

Question 39

In 733 C.E., where was the spread of the Islamic empire in western Europe halted?

A)Córdoba, Spain
B)Lyons, France
C)Madrid, Spain
D)Cairo, Egypt
E)Tours, France

Question 40

The clan of Muhammad's family was the ____________________, which was the most important clan in Mecca.

Question 41

Describe the world in which Muhammad lived. Explain how Arabia specifically shaped Muhammad and facilitated the rise of Islam.

Question 42

Term for identification: Abbasid Dynasty

Question 43

Term for identification: Hijra

Question 44

Describe the major achievements and the shortcomings of the Abbasid rulers. Support your answer with examples.

Question 45

Term for identification: Damascus

Question 46

Term for identification: Five Pillars of Islam

Question 47

Term for identification: caliph

Question 48

Term for identification: Ramadan

Question 49

Term for identification: Umayyad Dynasty

Question 50

Term for identification: jihad

Question 51

What were the key issues surrounding Islam after the death of Muhammad? Who ultimately succeeded Muhammad, and why was this ruler chosen?

Question 52

Define and explain the main doctrines of Islam. Examine its popularity and the overall religious context of the Middle East in 622 C.E.

Question 53

Discuss life of non-Muslims under the control of Muslims. How were these non-Muslims incorporated into the political and economic aspects of Islam?

Question 54

Term for identification: Umma

Question 55

Term for identification: hajj

Question 56

Explain both the internal and external nature of the jihad within the context of Arabia during Muhammad's life.