Deck 23: East Asia in a Century of Change

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the United States'  involvement in the Philippines at the start of the 20th century?

A)Benevolent acceptance of the Filipinos.
B)Disdain for the Filipinos.
C)Expedient liberation of the islands.
D)Lengthy occupation of the islands.
E)Abject denial of the problems there.

Answer 1

Lengthy occupation of the islands.

Question 2

Japan and Germany joined together to fight Marxism by signing which document in 1936?

A)The Tripartite Pact
B)The Anti-Comintern Pact
C)The Triple Alliance
D)The Treaty of Mutual Cooperation
E)The Treaty of Shimonoseki

Answer 2

The Anti-Comintern Pact

Question 3

What was the primary cause of the Sino-Japanese War?

A)Chinese encroachment on Japanese territorial fishing sites.
B)The Germans' encouragement to the Japanese to attack China.
C)The Japanese concept of implementation of the Final Solution.
D)The Japanese unprovoked attack on Manchuria.
E)The breakdown of Japanese military neutrality in civilian political matters.

Answer 3

The Japanese unprovoked attack on Manchuria.

Question 4

By 1934, who had become the leader of the  Chinese  Communist Party?

A)Chiang Kai-shek
B)Emperor Pu Yi
C)Mao Zedong
D)Shang Hui-zhou
E)General Yuan

Question 5

Who (what)served as the base for Mao Zedong's communist revolution?

A)university intellectuals
B)the Chinese peasants
C)the Chinese army
D)Chinese merchants
E)intervention by foreigners

Question 6

Which countries encompassed French Indochina?

A)China, Bangladesh, and Korea
B)Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
C)Thailand, India, and Vietnam
D)Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines
E)Java, Indonesia, and Malaya

Question 7

What best describes Ja pan's 1889 constitution?

A)The supreme power of the emperor was reinforced.
B)A new national tax system was introduced.
C)The capital city was moved to Tokyo.
D)A system similar to Germany's government.
E)All adult males were given the right to vote.

Question 8

Which na tion forced Japan to end their policy of seclusion?

A)China
B)The United States
C)Great Britain
D)France
E)The Netherlands

Question 9

After the implementation of the Meiji Reforms, who had the right to vote?

A)About 75 percent of the total population.
B)About 50 percent of the total population.
C)About half of the male population.
D)Only the aristocratic population.
E)About 5 percent of the male population.

Question 10

What were the main commodities that increased in production after Japan emerged from isolation?

A)tin and rice
B)tin and rubber
C)silk and rice
D)rubber and coffee
E)coffee and sugar

Question 11

Where did the Guomindang relocate to in 1949 ?

A)Japan
B)Korea
C)Taiwan
D)Vietnam
E)Russia

Question 12

Which of the following defines the term zaibatsu ?

A)Large corporations in Japan that received government assistance.
B)A prefecture administered by government-appointed officials in China.
C)A reform that gave the parliamentary vote to a small electorate in Southeast Asia.
D)A reform that allowed the emperor considerable power over the government.
E)An attempted uprising by the discontented samurai majority.

Question 13

By the end of World War II, how could Chiang Kai-shek's army best be described?

A)Poorly fed but in good spirits.
B)Much diminished in numbers and increasingly corrupt.
C)Respected and full of confidence that they would prevail.
D)Both demoralized and ill equipped.
E)Anxious to finish off Mao and his forces before another winter passed.

Question 14

What was the reason for the Long March?

A)The retreat of the Nationalists to Taiwan.
B)The march of the Japanese into Manchuria.
C)The communists' forced migration from the south to the north.
D)The march of the communists into Beijing victorious.
E)The Guomindang fled mainland China after defeat.

Question 15

What was the purpose of China's Northern Expedition?

A)General Chiang's successful pursuit of warlords in several northern provinces.
B)The establishment of a Kuomintang government led by Chiang in Beijing.
C)A widespread purge of any suspected communists, during which tens of thousands of Chinese were killed.
D)The precursor to the Long March of 1934.
E)A march of protest by Chinese students who were upset about several elements of the Versailles Treaty.

Question 16

The Meiji reformers strongly supported which of the following?

A)Equality in all matters for all citizens.
B)Establishment of a constitutional monarchy.
C)Concentrating power in the samurai majority.
D)Reverence for a quasi-divine emperor.
E)Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Question 17

What type of government was set up by the Japanese military after seizing Chinese territory in 1931?

A)A constitutional monarchy under the Meiji.
B)A puppet state set up under Aisin-Gioro Puyi.
C)A military junta controlled by General Yuan Shikel.
D)A shogunate with the daimyo controlling the provinces.
E)A protectorate government ruled by a governor.

Question 18

Under the Meiji Restoration, what form of military organization was established?

A)A conscript army with modern organization, modern weaponry, and professional discipline.
B)A citizen army based on volunteer local militia units meant to defend their hometowns.
C)A traditional military based on Chinese models of warfare, attack, and defense.
D)A unique Japanese military that was egalitarian and without a formal rank structure.
E)A military based on a balance between daimyo and samurai feudal forces.

Question 19

Who succeeded Sun Yat-sen as the leader of the Guomindang?

A)Fa Zu
B)Ding Xiao-ping
C)Chou Enlai
D)Mao Zedong
E)Chiang Kai-shek

Question 20

All of the following made major gains under the Meiji Restoration EXCEPT

A)silk production
B)rice production
C)railroad production
D)quasi-feudal dues
E)educational system

Question 21

The only country in Asia that was taken over by Europeans to become a nation with a Christian majority was ____________________.

Question 22

​The ____________________ was the first war between an Asian and European nation where the Asian nation was the victor.

Question 23

What crops were highly profitable for Dutch Indonesia?

A)coffee and sugar
B)rice and silk
C)tea and rice
D)cotton and silk
E)tin and rubber

Question 24

Which of the following statements best describes Japan's alliance with Germany and/or Italy?

A)Remained on the sidelines during the 1930s, in order to continue improvements within Japan.
B)Japan was too busy fighting Chiang Kai-shek in China to want to help either Germany of Italy prepare for war.
C)The Japanese became upset with the Germans when they were not told Germany planned to begin World War II, and again when Germany attacked Russia in 1941, and thus remained neutral in the conflict.
D)Invaded Russia in 1931, setting up a puppet government there.
E)Found Germany and Italy unwilling to help when the French moved into Southeast Asia and began to take over Japanese-held territories.

Question 25

Most of t he island Southeast Asian nations followed which of the following religions?

A)Christianity
B)Buddhism
C)Islam
D)Hinduism
E)Shinto

Question 26

What was distinctive about the Pacific Theater of combat during World War II?

A)It was fought mostly on the mainland.
B)The Germans sent their Luftwaffe to reinforce Japan's armed forces.
C)The war in the Pacific had very few naval engagements.
D)The Japanese pilots were ready to surrender soon after the war was declared.
E)It had no connection to Europe with respect to the participants.

Question 27

What was Japan's reasoning for attacking Pearl Harbor in 1941?

A)The Japanese were angry over the Russo-Japanese War Treaty.
B)The US government resisted Japanese expansion in Asia.
C)The emperor saw the attack in a dream and took it as a sign from the ancestors.
D)The Japanese were forced to attack because of their alliance with Germany and Italy.
E)The German air force and the Japanese navy saw the attack as a way to cripple the United States.

Question 28

The Japanese constitution of 1889 was modeled after the ____________________ constitution that was authored by Otto von Bismarck.

Question 29

Which of these was NOT a part of the Meiji Reforms?

A)Redistribution of land.
B)A new constitution that limited the powers of the emperor.
C)Renewed emphasis on the samurai.
D)Students being sent to study in the West, especially science and government.
E)A new national bank, new currency, and a new tax system.

Question 30

In 1940, the Japanese signed the  ____________________,  which joined the nation to Germany and Italy in an alliance.​

Question 31

Why was  the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 significant?

A)Japan gave Russia control of Korea.
B)Japan was given a chance to annex Siberia.
C)Japan announced to the world that it was now a major power.
D)Japan was getting back at the Russians for shaming them in a confrontation twenty years earlier.
E)Japan was receiving much needed capital from the reparations the Russians had to pay.

Question 32

In Southeast Asia, French colonial possessions were known collectively as ____________________.

Question 33

The Sino-Japanese War started in 1931 when Japan seized  ____________________.

Question 34

What was a unique fact about the Phil ippines?

A)It was a Southeast Asian nation under the control of a European nation.
B)It remained under one power from the 17th  century through World War II.
C)The Dutch introduced a "culture system" to maintain their control on the islands.
D)The majority were Christian even though those in the southern half were predominately Muslim.
E)The island suffered due to a massive population explosion after the Spanish-American War.

Question 35

What was the maj or difference between the Chinese and the Japanese in the late 1800s and early 1900s?

A)Japan saw the benefit of adopting some Western reforms while the Chinese did not.
B)Japan readily adopted socialism but China did not.
C)China held on to Confucian beliefs while Japan held closely to Buddhism.
D)China got rid of its emperor in the late 1800s, but Japan clung tightly to theirs.
E)The Chinese were forced to accept how far behind the West they were technologically, but the Japanese turned a blind eye to the fact that they, too, were far behind.

Question 36

In the 1880s, Japan's economy was dominated by the  ____________________, which were large corporations receiving government assistance.

Question 37

Believing that war with America was inevitable and that a first strike would give Japan an edge, the Tokyo government launched an attack against ____________________.

Question 38

Who benefited most from French Indochina's economy?

A)Europeans rather than native peoples.
B)The French noblemen who set up plantations on the best land.
C)Immigrant Chinese middlemen merchants and native landlords.
D)The British, who moved into the area from Malaya.
E)A small percentage of the Vietnamese who were assimilated by the French.

Question 39

After 1949, the Republic of China's forces, along with Chiang Kai-shek, were forced to relocate to ____ ________________.

Question 40

In 1926, Chiang Kai-shek launched the  ____________________ to bring the northern provinces under the control of the Chinese Republic.

Question 41

Term for identification: Chinese Communist Party

Question 42

Term for identification: Chiang Kai-shek

Question 43

Term for identification: Indochina

Question 44

Term for identification: Mao Zedong

Question 45

Trace the rise of the Communist Party in China including key figures and events. Why was the Communist Party successful in overthrowing the government? Support your answer with examples.​

Question 46

Term for identification: Meiji Restoration

Question 47

Explain how and why Japan became the major power of Asia and China weakened in the pre-war era.​

Question 48

Discuss the development of the Republic of China under the Guomindang.

Question 49

Term for identification: zaibatsu

Question 50

Term for identification: Tripartite Pact

Question 51

Term for identification: Guomindang

Question 52

Explain the reforms that fueled the Meiji Restoration. How did the Japanese restore the emperor to power and at what cost?

Question 53

Term for identification: Long March

Question 54

How did the Japanese military change after the Restoration? How did those changes impact the ideas of soldiers during World War II?

Question 55

Term for identification: Russo-Japanese War

Question 56

Describe the changes taking place in Southeast Asia during the interwar years including political and economic aspects.