Deck 11: Politics of the Market Revolution

Question 1

The followers of Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams, known as the National Republicans, changed their name to _____.

A)the Freedom Riders
B)Democrats
C)the Right Wing
D)Democratic-Republicans
E)the Whigs

Answer 1

E

Question 2

_____ emerged as a major issue during Andrew Jackson's first term as president.

A)Slavery
B)Women's suffrage
C)Nullification
D)Partisanship
E)Patronage

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Why was the election of 1828 marked as a major turning point in American political history?

A)It signaled the beginning of the kind of political culture that persists in America today.
B)It was a constant reminder of the nation's brutal past.
C)It prioritized the rights of a state over those of a corporation.
D)It led to the emergence of the campaign strategy of mudslinging.
E)It was the first time that African Americans were allowed to vote in presidential elections.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following was the main reason why African Americans did not support Andrew Jackson?

A)They did not have the legal right to support Jackson.
B)Jackson advocated blatant racism.
C)Jackson designed policies specifically against free blacks.
D)Jackson belonged to the aristocracy of New England.
E)They did not view Jackson as a competent presidential candidate.

Question 5

Who won the presidential election of 1828?

A)John Quincy Adams
B)William Crawford
C)Andrew Jackson
D)Henry Clay
E)James Monroe

Question 6

Which of the following is a true statement about the new culture of politics that emerged in the 1820s and 1830s?

A)Political candidates avoided mingling with the masses.
B)The number of eligible voters decreased.
C)Alcohol was strictly prohibited at political campaigns.
D)Non-partisan newspapers became very popular.
E)Politics for the first time became mass entertainment.

Question 7

When did the United States enter its first major economic depression?

A)1817
B)1818
C)1819
D)1820
E)1821

Question 8

Why was Andrew Jackson's political campaign successful with the nation's southerners?

A)He organized rallies and barbecues to attract and mobilize voters.
B)They appreciated the fact that some of the Indians he had killed were Florida's Seminoles.
C)He represented the faction that was against elitist Federalists.
D)He had invited slaves to escape to freedom in Seminole lands.
E)They supported his frontier lifestyle, which depended largely on the hundreds of slaves he owned.

Question 9

After the development of the second two-party system, the Jacksonians advocated:

A)perpetual westward expansion.
B)the American System of economics.
C)economic protectionism.
D)government-funded internal improvements.
E)a strong legislature.

Question 10

Who won the presidential election of 1824?

A)John Quincy Adams
B)William Crawford
C)Andrew Jackson
D)Henry Clay
E)James Monroe

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of the South Carolina Exposition ?

A)It was drafted to protect the rights of the majority in a government based on the rule of the minority.
B)It was authored by Andrew Jackson in 1828.
C)It gave voice to a new political idea of nullification.
D)It contradicted Jefferson's Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798.
E)It did not lead to any useful outcome for the people of the South.

Question 12

_____ is defined as the direct exchange of a government job in return for political campaign work.

A)Partisanship
B)Nullification
C)Patronage
D)Mudslinging
E)Impeachment

Question 13

Why did global demand for American agricultural production plummet in 1819?

A)Asia was recovering from the Napoleonic Wars of 1800.
B)The Second Bank of the United States tightened credit.
C)There was a fear of underinvestment in factories and land.
D)There was not enough supply of American goods to go around.
E)American agriculture was unable to cope with increasing industrialization.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of the Panic of 1819?

A)Farmers in the West were particularly hard pressed.
B)People turned to banks after state governments failed to provide them with financial assistance.
C)Banks sanctioned agricultural loans to farmers.
D)The Panic of 1819 did not affect the average American in any significant way.
E)Americans felt protected from the effects of a market-based economy.

Question 15

Which of the following was a key step toward the development of the second two-party system?

A)The deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay to manipulate the voting in the House of Representatives
B)The split between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay on the one hand and Andrew Jackson on the other
C)The appointment of John Quincy Adams as president and Henry Clay as his secretary of state in 1824
D)The protest by John Quincy Adams against the alliance between Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay
E)The restriction of the political franchise to elite white men

Question 16

Which of the following is a true statement about the Tariff of 1828?

A)The tariff was vetoed by John Quincy Adams.
B)The tariff was considered a low-rate tariff.
C)The tariff was strongly advocated by Henry Clay.
D)The South was furious with the passage of the tariff in Congress.
E)All of Andrew Jackson's supporters were happy with the tariff.

Question 17

Which of the following was a strategy used by Andrew Jackson during the election of 1828?

A)Logrolling
B)Mudslinging
C)Whistleblowing
D)Politicking
E)Lobbying

Question 18

Which of the following contributed to the rise of a new kind of politics in the 1820s and 1830s?

A)Economic booms and busts gave rise to the need for a more responsive government.
B)The contraction of voting rights left only the elite to participate in politics.
C)The nation was increasingly straying away from politics.
D)The decline of politics meant that only two parties were competing against each other.
E)The need for industrialization paved the way for reform.

Question 19

Which of the following was an immediate effect of the "corrupt bargain" between John Quincy Adams and
Henry Clay?

A)Manipulation of the voting in the House of Representatives to install Clay as president
B)Stimulation of partisanship to get more people interested in politics
C)Facilitation of internal improvements without government intervention
D)Establishment of a strong judicial branch and a small executive branch
E)Restriction of the political franchise to the elite

Question 20

Which of the following terms referred to the alleged deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay to manipulate the voting in the House of Representatives to install Adams as president and Clay as his secretary of state in 1824?

A)Political patronage
B)Nullification
C)The Trail of Tears
D)The Specie Circular
E)The corrupt bargain

Question 21

Who assumed leadership of the Second Bank of the United States in 1823?

A)Quincy Adams
B)Andrew Jackson
C)Nicholas Biddle
D)John Calhoun
E)Martin Van Buren

Question 22

The _____ allowed the federal government to negotiate with Indian tribes to trade their land east of the Mississippi River for land west of the river.

A)Hartford Convention of 1814
B)Louisiana Purchase of 1803
C)Treaty of Ghent of 1814
D)Land Act of 1820
E)Indian Removal Act of 1830

Question 23

Which of the following is a true statement about the Seminole Revolt?

A)It agitated a war between the Seminole Indians and escaped black slaves.
B)It caused the division of the state of Florida in 1836.
C)It made sugar a viable product in northern Florida.
D)It lasted until 1842 without a clear victor.
E)It caused the return of escaped slaves to their masters.

Question 24

Which of the following was one of the key constituencies of the Whigs?

A)Farmers who were alienated by the commercialized economy
B)Small businessmen who hoped that they would be protected from monopolies
C)Irish immigrants who immigrated to the United States in large numbers during the 1840s
D)Planters who wanted the United States to have a stable bank system that would float loans
E)African Americans who were being oppressed in the South

Question 25

When did Andrew Jackson deliver his Proclamation on Nullification?

A)1830
B)1831
C)1832
D)1833
E)1834

Question 26

What was the court ruling in the case of Worcester v. Georgia (1832)?

A)The Cherokee would only move if a treaty for their movement was signed.
B)The Cherokee constitution was null and void.
C)The Cherokee nation was not a sovereign nation.
D)The Indian Removal Act of 1830 had the right to force the Cherokee to vacate their land.
E)The state of Georgia could enter the Cherokee nation without the permission of the Cherokee.

Question 27

Which of the following was an outcome of the territorial expansion in the 1840s?

A)It reinforced America's second two-party system.
B)It led to the freeing of African American slaves.
C)It led to sectional conflict and civil war.
D)It led to the division of the Whig party.
E)It united the Jacksonians and the Whigs.

Question 28

The _____ was an executive order in 1836 requiring that the government cease accepting paper money as credible currency and start accepting only gold or silver for all items, including public land.

A)Corrupt Bargain
B)Tariff of Abominations
C)Specie Circular
D)Political Patronage
E)Proclamation on Nullification

Question 29

Which of the following was an outcome of trading between Americans and Indians during the first part of the 1800s?

A)Trade agreements with the Indian nations proved tenable because the U.S. government always kept its word.
B)American westward pioneers were always compliant to the restrictions imposed on them.
C)Indians were invited to trade with the Americans at specified posts, often plunging them into debt.
D)Apart from trade, Americans introduced whiskey and guns to the natives.
E)Cordial ties between the Americans and Indians ensued.

Question 30

Which of the following was true of the Cherokee in the 1800s?

A)They opposed the American-style bicameral government.
B)They lost their property rights after Georgians dissolved the Cherokee constitution.
C)They accommodated to the American way of life more than any other Indian nation.
D)They served as slaves to free blacks during the 1830s.
E)They fought against the Americans and their slaveholding tactics.

Question 31

Why was the political idea of nullification designed by John C. Calhoun?

A)To assert that the Supreme Court had the ultimate power to uphold any federal law it deemed constitutional
B)To determine how to protect the rights of a minority in a government based on the rule of the majority
C)To reinforce Jefferson's Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798
D)To articulate the idea that states gave up their autonomy once they agreed to join the Union
E)To promote the Tariff of 1828 to gain support of the West and the North during the presidential election

Question 32

The _____ was passed in March 1833 by Jacksonians in Congress to demonstrate how seriously they took the threat of nullification.

A)South Carolina Exposition
B)Tariff of Abominations
C)Bill of Rights
D)Proclamation of Nullification
E)Force Bill

Question 33

What was the main reason for Andrew Jackson's opposition of the Second Bank of the United States?

A)He lost money in a bank in the late 1790s.
B)He felt that there were already too many banks in operation.
C)He wanted to replace money with barter system.
D)He feared that it was a conduit for the rich to become richer.
E)He had a bank of his own and did not want competition.

Question 34

Which of the following was true of the Second Bank of the United States during the early 1800s?

A)It was located in New York City.
B)It was created by the Whigs in 1812.
C)It was granted a thirty-year charter by Congress.
D)It was viewed as a dangerous institution by many citizens.
E)It was the sole cause of the Panic of 1819.

Question 35

The _____ was the forced removal of the Cherokee nation from Georgia to Oklahoma in 1838.

A)Trail of Fire
B)Trail of Life
C)Trail of Despair
D)Trail of Turmoil
E)Trail of Tears

Question 36

Which of the following was true of America's westward expansion in the 1800s?

A)Southerners moved west in order to find land to grow wheat.
B)Cities like New Orleans and Memphis served as trading and transportation hubs for the growing West.
C)Soil exhaustion in the Great Plains drew Americans to the Southeast and New England.
D)Cotton growers moved through Alabama, Mississippi, and Arkansas, eventually populating Texas.
E)Northerners moved in order to find employment in the Southwest.

Question 37

What was the outcome of Andrew Jackson's move to shut down the Second Bank of the United States?

A)It led to the decline of counterfeiting activities.
B)It led to the decline of state and local banks that had less than adequate credit.
C)It led to the strengthening of the national currency.
D)It led to financial stability and economic growth.
E)It led to the appearance of hundreds of valueless paper currencies.

Question 38

Which of the following is a true statement about the Panic of 1837?

A)It resulted in the appreciation of paper money.
B)It led to loss of value of specie.
C)It led to an economic depression that lasted nearly a decade.
D)It resulted in the Cherokee Indians' getting their land back.
E)It led to the establishment of a central bank to control the financial contraction.

Question 39

Who invaded the Cherokee nation and forced the Cherokee to travel from Georgia to Oklahoma in 1838?

A)General James Tallmadge
B)General Henry Clay
C)General Daniel Webster
D)General Winfield Scott
E)General Andrew Jackson

Question 40

Which of the following was true of Jackson's Democrats?

A)They fashioned themselves as the heirs of James Madison.
B)They believed that it was best to keep the federal government small.
C)They believed that the government could control the way people conducted themselves privately.
D)They were very aggressive in pushing America's economic development.
E)They supported using federal funds to finance internal improvements.

Question 41

Discuss the Panic of 1819.

Question 42

Describe the events of the Seminole Revolt.

Question 43

The Specie Circular required that the government stop accepting specie as credible currency for public land.

Question 44

Describe the events of the conflict between the Cherokee Nation and the state of Georgia.

Question 45

Describe the westward expansion during the 1840s.

Question 46

Briefly describe the Specie Circular and the consequences of its implementation.

Question 47

A significant factor leading to the Panic of 1819 was a sharp drop in global demand for the cotton grown in America.

Question 48

Describe the events that occurred during the election of 1824.

Question 49

Discuss the consequences of closing down the Second Bank of the United States.

Question 50

Jackson's Indian Removal Bill of 1830 forced all Native Americans to move east of the Mississippi.

Question 51

President Andrew Jackson initially upheld the rights of the Cherokee Indians in Georgia after the Supreme Court decision in Worcester v. Georgia .

Question 52

Discuss racism in the North during Jackson's presidency.

Question 53

After Jackson and his followers came to power, he used suffrage to take control of the federal government.

Question 54

The second two-party system aggravated sectional tensions over slavery.

Question 55

The "corrupt bargain" was an alleged deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay to manipulate the voting in the House of Representatives to install Clay as president and Adams as his secretary of state in 1824.

Question 56

During the first part of the 1800s, almost every state removed property restrictions on citizenship.

Question 57

The Jacksonians resented the notion of democratization of the political process.

Question 58

The Whigs attracted small businessmen who hoped that the Whig Party would stand watch against monopolies.

Question 59

Discuss the nullification crisis that occurred during Jackson's first term as president.

Question 60

Discuss the changes in voting rights after the Market Revolution.

Question 61

Briefly discuss the stability of the two-party system in the election of 1840.

Question 62

Outline the characteristics of Jackson's Democrats.

Question 63

_________ was a form of money that facilitated payment in gold or silver in the nineteenth century.
a. State bank note
B. Paper money
C. Barter
D. Specie

Question 64

_________ refers to a politician's act of awarding a job based on the campaign support one has provided rather than seeking out the best-qualified person for the job.
A. Suffrage
B. Patronage
C. Mudslinging
D. Nullification

Question 65

The anonymous author of the South Carolina Exposition was _________.
A. Henry Clay
B. Andrew Jackson
C. John C. Calhoun
D. Thomas R. Dew

Question 66

Describe the constituencies of the Whig Party.

Question 67

The prominent Whig who won the presidential election of 1840 was _________.
A. Andrew Jackson
B. William Henry Harrison
C. Martin Van Buren
D. Thomas Jefferson

Question 68

Describe the Panic of 1837.

Question 69

Summarize the characteristics of the Whigs.

Question 70

The _________ was an evolution of political organizations in 1824 into the Jacksonians and the Whigs.
A. first two-party system
B. second two-party system
C. first partisan political system
D. second partisan political system