Deck 8: Securing the New Nation, 1789-1800

Question 1

Which of the following is a true statement about Alexander Hamilton?

A)He was the first secretary of state of the United States.
B)He feared that expansion of industry would create a class of wage workers.
C)He proposed a series of creative and far-sighted economic measures.
D)He preferred a weaker federal government.
E)He succeeded George Washington as the president of the United States.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Thomas Jefferson was elected as the president of the United States immediately after George Washington.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Implied powers authorized Congress to take only those actions that were explicitly named in the Constitution.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Jefferson's position in the cabinet put him in charge of all of the following EXCEPT:

A)public lands.
B)diplomatic relations.
C)patents and copyrights.
D)the census.
E)the delivery of mail.

Question 5

Who among the following was the first Treasury secretary of the United States?

A)Henry Knox
B)Thomas Jefferson
C)Alexander Hamilton
D)Edmund Randolph
E)Samuel Osgood

Question 6

The first Congress had the task of securing the Bill of Rights that had been promised during the ratification period.

Question 7

Which of the following acts created three circuit courts and thirteen district courts to accompany the Supreme Court established by the Constitution?

A)The Judiciary Act of 1789
B)The Naturalization Act of 1790
C)The Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts of 1790
D)The Alien Act of 1798
E)The Sedition Act of 1798

Question 8

Which of the following is a true statement about the Naturalization Act of 1790?

A)It took away individual states' power to decide on issues of citizenship.
B)It excluded African Americans and Asians from the purview of citizenship.
C)It led to the drafting of the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions.
D)It proposed to create the First Bank of the United States.
E)It resulted in the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794.

Question 9

Hamilton's plan proposed to create the First Bank of the United States.

Question 10

The XYZ affair was America's foreign policy crisis with France over the trade wars.

Question 11

Which of the following executive departments was NOT created by the first Congress?

A)The postmaster general
B)The attorney general
C)The secretary of state
D)The secretary of the Treasury
E)The secretary of labor

Question 12

Which of the following is a true statement about George Washington?

A)He succeeded John Adams as the president of the United States.
B)He established several important precedents while in office.
C)He used his veto power frequently to stall the laws adopted by Congress.
D)He reserved his cabinet posts exclusively for the Federalists.
E)He preferred a weaker federal government that would preserve Americans' natural rights.

Question 13

Which of the following was true of the Hamilton Tariff of 1789?

A)It was proposed by George Washington from Virginia.
B)It was implemented exclusively in states with low income.
C)It freed the federal government from constant worry about economic shortfalls.
D)It proposed to raise money through the sale of bonds and public lands.
E)It was collected by the national bank of the United States.

Question 14

Gabriel's conspiracy was a direct result of the Haitian Revolution.

Question 15

Which of the following was NOT one of the major tasks of the first Congress at its first meeting in the capital city of New York?

A)To set up a system of federal courts
B)To secure the Bill of Rights
C)To establish the executive department
D)To raise revenue
E)To draft legislation to prohibit slavery

Question 16

All the thirteen states of the United States endorsed the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions.

Question 17

Out of the 17 amendments proposed by James Madison, 10 were ultimately ratified by the states and came to be known as the Bill of Rights.

Question 18

Which of the following was true of the first Congress?

A)It met in 1785 in the city of Philadelphia.
B)It removed the Bill of Rights from the Constitution.
C)It abolished the practice of patronage.
D)It created five executive posts to be filled by the president.
E)It was attended by delegates who opposed the Federalist papers.

Question 19

The Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts authorized Americans to trade with Native Americans without formal consent from the federal government.

Question 20

The bloodless revolution of 1800 paved the way for active, peaceful political dissent in American life.

Question 21

One of the results of the Whiskey Rebellion was that:

A)it sent out a clear message that the national government would not allow extralegal protests to effect change.
B)it freed the federal government from constant worry about economic shortfalls.
C)the western provinces turned firmly Anti-Republican, favoring the small-government approach of the Federalists.
D)the lawmakers in southern states tightened black codes, citing fear of slave insurrections in America.
E)it underscored France's increased reluctance to maintain its possessions in the New World.

Question 22

Which of the following is a true statement about loose constructionism?

A)It was adopted by the Democratic-Republicans who opposed Hamilton's plan.
B)Its application made the state governments more powerful than the federal government.
C)It opposed the adaptation of the Constitution to suit contemporary requirements.
D)It held that the Constitution should be flexible to accommodate new demands.
E)Its execution stalled the establishment of the First Bank of the United States.

Question 23

Which of the following incidents occurred during the protests against Hamilton's plan?

A)Gabriel's conspiracy
B)The Citizen Genêt affair
C)The XYZ affair
D)The Whiskey Rebellion
E)The Boston massacre

Question 24

How did the Pinckney Treaty of 1796 quell the unrest caused by the execution of Hamilton's plan?

A)The treaty defined lands where Indians could live and work.
B)The treaty gave Pennsylvania farmers an easier way to get their crops to market.
C)The treaty allowed Americans to trade with Indians without the consent of the federal government.
D)The treaty endorsed Washington's position of neutrality, thus preventing further unrest.
E)The treaty cleared Ohio River Valley for American settlers.

Question 25

The Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts made it clear that:

A)the federal government was unwilling to interfere in the trade relations between Americans and Indians.
B)the United States had no intention of integrating Indians into their new nation.
C)the United States preferred France over Great Britain to establish trade relations.
D)the national government would not allow extralegal protests to effect change.
E)the French were reluctant to maintain their possessions in the New World.

Question 26

Which of the following is the significance of the Citizen Genêt affair?

A)It strengthened black codes in southern states.
B)It led to Thomas Jefferson's resignation as secretary of state.
C)It hardened planters' conviction that the South was meant to maintain slavery.
D)It resulted in western provinces being staunch supporters of the Republicans.
E)It sent out a clear message that Americans were unwilling into integrate Indians into their new nation.

Question 27

Which of the following is a true statement about Jay's Treaty?

A)It put an end to Americans' speculation on whether to support France or England.
B)It signaled peace in the Ohio River Valley and white settlement there for two decades.
C)It avoided addressing important issues like the impressing of American sailors.
D)It violated Washington's neutrality proclamation by conceding to French demands.
E)It was a notable foreign policy achievement in a decade of political controversy.

Question 28

The Democratic-Republicans' argument against Jay's Treaty was that:

A)it was a betrayal of the 1778 alliance with France and a humiliating capitulation to the British.
B)it violated the principle of federalism and gave more power to state governments.
C)it led to the strengthening of black codes in the southern states of the U.S.
D)it failed to integrate Indians into the new nation.
E)it was intended to restrict Pennsylvanian farmers' access to neighboring markets.

Question 29

Which of the following statements is true of strict constructionism?

A)It was adopted by Federalists who opposed Hamilton's plan.
B)It allowed Congress to assume vast amounts of implied powers.
C)It opposed the adaptation of the Constitution to suit contemporary needs.
D)Its execution led to the establishment of the first national bank of the U.S.
E)Its application made the federal government more powerful than state governments.

Question 30

Which of the following was true of the Democratic-Republicans?

A)They opposed measures that enhanced the power of the federal government.
B)They grew out of the faction of American leaders that endorsed Hamilton's economic policies.
C)They sided with Great Britain over France because of the feeling of shared republican brotherhood.
D)They were opposed by southern landholders, free workers, and laborers.
E)They supported Washington's presidency and helped John Adams succeed him in 1796.

Question 31

Which of the following was true of the Haitian Revolution?

A)It failed and led to the French colonization of Haiti.
B)It underscored France's eagerness to maintain its possessions in New England.
C)It was supported by the Democratic-Republicans who recognized Haiti as a free nation.
D)It led to the eruption of the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
E)It hardened planters' conviction that the South was meant to maintain slavery.

Question 32

Which of the following was true of the Federalists?

A)They sided with France over Great Britain because of the feeling of shared republican brotherhood.
B)They supported a strong governmental role in economic affairs.
C)They opposed Hamilton's economic policies and Jay's Treaty.
D)They were supported by southern landholders, free workers, and laborers.
E)They opposed the establishment of the national bank.

Question 33

Which of the following is a true statement about Hamilton's plan?

A)It was proposed by the Democratic-Republicans in Congress.
B)Its implementation required an adherence to the literal interpretation of the Constitution.
C)It was never executed due to the strong opposition from the Federalists.
D)It favored the interests of the commercial and the mercantile elite.
E)Its purpose was to make state governments more powerful than the federal government.

Question 34

Which of the following acts made it illegal to sell land to or buy land from Native Americans without federal consent?

A)The Alien Acts
B)The Sedition Acts
C)The American Prohibitory Acts
D)The Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts
E)The Intolerable Acts

Question 35

Which of the following parties coalesced in opposition to Hamilton's economic policies and Jay's
Treaty?

A)The Federalist Party
B)The Whig Party
C)The Democratic-Republican Party
D)The Conservative Party
E)The Tory Party

Question 36

Which of the following treaties was also known as the Treaty of San Lorenzo?

A)The Treaty of New York
B)The Maastricht Treaty
C)The Pinckney Treaty
D)The Treaty of Greenville
E)The Treaty of Tripoli

Question 37

Which of the following statements is true of the Pinckney Treaty of 1796?

A)It was a notable foreign policy achievement in a decade of political controversy.
B)It prohibited Britain from impressing American sailors.
C)It signaled peace in the Ohio River Valley and white settlement there for two decades.
D)It indicated growing divisions within American politics.
E)It was an outcome of the Haitian Revolution.

Question 38

Which of the following treaties signed in 1795 signaled peace in the Ohio River Valley and white settlement there for two decades?

A)The Maastricht Treaty
B)The Pinckney Treaty
C)The Treaty of Greenville
D)The Treaty of Tripoli
E)The Treaty of New York

Question 39

Which of the following is a true statement about Thomas Jefferson?

A)He was the first president of the United States.
B)He wanted an assertive government that encouraged economic investment.
C)He feared that Hamilton's plan would create a class of wage workers.
D)He proposed a series of creative and far-sighted economic measures.
E)He was the first postmaster general, in charge of mail delivery.

Question 40

Which of the following was NOT a component of Hamilton's plan?

A)Consolidating the loan that Congress took out during the war
B)Consolidating the individual states' loans into the national debt
C)Creating the First Bank of the United States
D)Raising revenue through the sale of public lands
E)Repealing the excise tax imposed on whiskey

Question 41

How did the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans respond to the French Revolution?

Question 42

Which of the following is a true statement about the XYZ Affair?

A)It arose due to the misinterpretation of the Pinckney Treaty between Americans and the French.
B)It occurred when George Washington was the president of the United States.
C)It was a foreign policy crisis that further divided the Federalists from the Democratic-Republicans.
D)It was the direct consequence of the Haitian revolution.
E)It led to the eruption of the Battle of Fallen Timbers between the Americans and the French.

Question 43

The _________ was a consequence of the XYZ Affair.
a. Gabriel's Conspiracy
B. Battle of Concord
C. Battle of Bunker Hill
D. quasi-war

Question 44

Gabriel's Conspiracy was the outcome of the _________.
a. XYZ Affair
B. Quasi-war
C. Haitian Revolution
D. Virginia Resolution

Question 45

Which of the following is a true statement about the election of 1796?

A)Alexander Hamilton was elected as the president of the United States.
B)The election paved the way for peaceful political dissent in American life.
C)Thomas Jefferson was the Federalists' presidential candidate.
D)The election gave rise to a partisan campaign, rife with intense bickering.
E)The election led to the adoption of the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution.

Question 46

What were the four major tasks of the first Congress? How did it address these challenges?

Question 47

The Democratic-Republicans were also known as the _________.
a. Jeffersonians
B. Federalists
C. Minutemen
D. Radical Whigs

Question 48

Explain the difference between loose constructionism and strict constructionism.

Question 49

Which of the following is a true statement about the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions?

A)They were authored collaboratively by George Washington and Alexander Hamilton.
B)They resolved the ideological differences between the Federalists and the Republicans.
C)They endorsed the Alien Act and exhorted state governments to implement it.
D)They were endorsed by all the thirteen states in the United States.
E)They declared that the Sedition Act was an infringement on rights protected by their state constitutions.

Question 50

Who among the following leaders was elected as the U.S. president in the election of 1800?

A)Thomas Jefferson
B)George Washington
C)John Adams
D)Alexander Hamilton
E)Henry Knox

Question 51

Which of the following is a true statement about the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution?

A)It allowed electors to vote for president and vice president separately.
B)It was adopted immediately after the election of 1796.
C)It guaranteed freedom of speech to American citizens.
D)It was enforced through the implementation of the Sedition Act.
E)It was adopted in the year 1800.

Question 52

The _________ proclaimed that states had the right to nullify federal laws within their borders.
a. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
B. Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts
C. Alien and Sedition Acts
D. Pinckney Treaty of 1796

Question 53

The Sedition Act was controversial because:

A)it violated the position of neutrality adopted by Washington.
B)it legalized the impressing of American sailors by the British.
C)it violated the freedom of speech guaranteed by the First Amendment.
D)it imposed an excise tax on whiskey and molasses.
E)it resulted in the strengthening of black codes in southern states.

Question 54

Define the Naturalization Act of 1790. Evaluate the act in terms of its inclusivity.

Question 55

Which of the following is a true statement about Gabriel's conspiracy?

A)It signaled an end to all talk of emancipation in the South.
B)It led to the resignation of Thomas Jefferson as secretary of state.
C)It led to the eruption of the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania.
D)It prompted Congress to assume vast amounts of implied powers.
E)It led to the overthrow of King Louis XIV in France.

Question 56

Which of the following is the significance of the election of 1800?

A)It resulted in the election of George Washington as the president of the United States.
B)It made the two-party system insignificant in the American political scene.
C)It paved the way for active, peaceful political dissent in American life.
D)It witnessed the Federalists gaining complete dominance over the Democratic-Republicans.
E)It led to the adoption of the Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution.

Question 57

The _________ was the faction of American leaders that endorsed Hamilton's economic policies and Jay's Treaty.
a. Radical Whig Party
B. Tory Party
C. Democratic-Republican Party
D. Federalist Party

Question 58

Analyze the financial plan laid out by Alexander Hamilton.

Question 59

Which of the following is a true statement about the election of 1800?

A)It witnessed the reconciliation of the Federalist and the Republican ideologies.
B)Its outcome was entirely determined by the Democratic-Republicans in Congress.
C)It led to the adoption of the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution.
D)It ended with the Democratic-Republicans losing the Senate but taking control of the House.
E)It made the opposition an insignificant force in the American political scenario.

Question 60

Which of the following was a consequence of the Haitian Revolution?

A)The lawmakers in southern states eliminated the slave codes.
B)The revolution reformed planters' conviction that the South was meant to maintain slavery.
C)The national government sent out a strong message that it would not allow extralegal protests to effect change.
D)Revolutionary fervor subsided among American slaves.
E)The revolution underscored France's increased reluctance to maintain its possessions in the New World.

Question 61

Discuss the presidency of George Washington. What challenges did the first president of the United States face, both nationally and in the conduct of his office?

Question 62

What were the consequences of the XYZ affair? How did this incident affect the relationship between the French and the Americans?

Question 63

Describe the XYZ Affair. What made Americans so angry about this incident?

Question 64

Describe Gabriel's Conspiracy.

Question 65

Explain the reasons behind the Democratic-Republicans' opposition to Hamilton's plan?

Question 66

Why was the election of 1800 significant?

Question 67

Explain the factors that led the United States to revise its Indian policy.

Question 68

What was the significance, to France and to North America, of the Haitian slave revolution?

Question 69

Explain the significant differences between the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans.

Question 70

Explain the Alien and the Sedition Acts. Explain their significance.