Deck 15: The Civil War

Question 1

The Union preferred to finance the war by simply printing more and more paper money-a plan that succeeded only in creating runaway inflation.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

After First Manassas, _____ was the first commander of the Union's Army of the Potomac.

A)General Nathan Bedford Forrest
B)General George B. McClellan
C)General William Tecumseh Sherman
D)General George Pickett
E)General Irvin McDowell

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of these was NOT one of the advantages that the North possessed at the beginning of the Civil War?

A)An extensive network of railroad lines for transporting supplies
B)A larger pool of money to finance its war effort
C)More factories to equip its army with clothes, food, and weapons
D)An existing navy
E)An urgent drive to win the war and end slavery

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The Union Army in 1861 and 1862 fought a limited war, which meant that:

A)the Union excluded any attacks on the southern people on the waterfront.
B)the Union wanted to subjugate the southern people.
C)the Union aimed at damaging civilian property to conquer the Confederate Army.
D)the Union troops were careful not to assault southern civilians.
E)the Union only waged war on the South on one front.

Question 5

Northern Peace Democrats were dissenters against the war who believed that secession was legal and that the southern states should have been let go.

Question 6

Taxes were imposed on both northerners and southerners during the war for the first time since the War of 1812.

Question 7

During the Civil War, the Union's attempts to cut the Confederacy off from seaborne commerce proved difficult at first because:

A)British merchant ships aggressively pushed through to southern ports and challenged the Union's authority to block their trade.
B)Confederates relied on allied coastal tribes to harass the Union navy with small attacks from the shore.
C)the strategy of a naval blockade was new and had never been tried before.
D)the Union only had forty-two ships to patrol 3,550 miles of Confederate coastline.
E)the southerners did not need foreign imports and ignored the Union occupation of New Orleans.

Question 8

The first battle of the Civil War took place at Manassas Junction near Washington, D.C.

Question 9

In April 1862, General Albert Sydney Johnston's army took Ulysses S. Grant's men by surprise at the First Manassas, which was fought near the Tennessee-Mississippi border.

Question 10

The Union's first Confiscation Act, issued in August 1861, declared that any slaves used for military purposes would be freed if they fell into Union hands.

Question 11

On July 21, 1861, Union general Irvin McDowell moved roughly 30,000 troops toward the Confederate soldiers clustered at Manassas Junction. The battle that followed came to be known in the North as the First _____.

A)Battle of Sharpsburg
B)Battle of Antietam
C)Battle of Pittsburg Landing
D)Battle of Shiloh
E)Battle of Bull Run

Question 12

At the outset of the Civil War, which of the following did both northerners and southerners predict?

A)The war would not be short.
B)The war would result in enormous causalities.
C)Slavery would be abolished.
D)The war would not change their societies dramatically.
E)The war would mean complete destruction of one side.

Question 13

During the Civil War, more than one-third of Lee's Confederate army was lost in the Battle of Gettysburg.

Question 14

First Manassas (the First Battle of Bull Run)was important because:

A)the Northerners accomplished an easy victory, which guaranteed their triumph in the Civil War.
B)the Union soldiers proved that they would never retreat from Southern aggression.
C)it stripped both the northerners and southerners of their assumptions about an easy war.
D)the Union used African American soldiers for the first time.
E)it gave Lincoln the advantage he wanted before he issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

Question 15

The Fort Pillow Massacre was the Confederate slaughter of black soldiers who may have been attempting to surrender.

Question 16

Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus was used in Maryland to arrest and imprison Confederate sympathizers who might incite others.

Question 17

One of the strongest advantages that the South had, at the beginning of the Civil War, was the fact that the North:

A)had a more complex task of fighting on the defensive.
B)failed to realize how much gallantry was involved in southern fighting.
C)underestimated the determination of the South to hold on to slavery.
D)had to wage an offensive war to occupy the South.
E)was not dedicated to the fight.

Question 18

During the first year of the Civil War, taking _____ was significant for the Union because it was the South's largest and richest city and its biggest port.

A)New Orleans
B)Alabama
C)Georgia
D)Jacksonville
E)Illinois

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of First Manassas?

A)The South suffered more casualties than the North.
B)General Irvin McDowell's troops were greatly outnumbered.
C)After the battle, Congress authorized the enlistment of 500,000 volunteers.
D)After the battle, both sides boldly announced a brief war and certain victory.
E)Stonewall Jackson was killed as he stood rallying his troops at First Manassas.

Question 20

In 1861, the North had a population that was more than twice that of the South's.

Question 21

The preliminary Emancipation Proclamation freed:

A)all American slaves.
B)all slaves in the North.
C)slaves in the border states.
D)slaves that had joined the Union Army.
E)all slaves within rebel territory.

Question 22

Which of the following was true of the Peace Democrats?

A)They provided their full support toward the Civil war.
B)They were a minority of Democrats who stirred dissent in the southern government.
C)They believed that the Union had no right to force southern states to remain within it.
D)They favored the leadership of Abraham Lincoln.
E)They supported Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus.

Question 23

Grant's capture of the city of Vicksburg and Port Hudson in Louisiana in July 1863:

A)led most northerners to believe that victory would come quickly, with very few casualties.
B)gave the Union total control of the Mississippi River, splitting the Confederacy into two parts.
C)overshadowed Meade's victory over Lee at Gettysburg.
D)set the stage for the capture of Mobile Bay in Alabama the next month.
E)convinced Grant's detractors that he was not, as they asserted, "always drunk."

Question 24

A disastrous move ordered by Robert E. Lee during the Civil War was:

A)his advance toward Washington, D.C. during the Seven Days' Battles.
B)his decision to move into Pennsylvania to relieve the Virginians who had been in the midst of so much of the fighting.
C)the Battle of Antietam, where Lee had overextended his forces into Maryland and was forced into a retreat.
D)his order to break the Union line at Gettysburg with a charge involving 12,500 men-two-thirds of whom were killed, wounded, or captured.
E)leading Grant on a military chase that lasted for weeks and eventually put Lee's men in trenches outside Petersburg, Virginia, for nine long, miserable months.

Question 25

Which of the following was NOT a tax measure used by the U.S. Congress to help finance the war?

A)A graduated income tax
B)Stamp taxes
C)Creation of the Internal Revenue Service
D)Sin taxes on sales of tobacco and alcohol
E)A 10 percent income tax for all citizens

Question 26

All of the following are true statements about African American participation in the Civil War EXCEPT:

A)free blacks and escaped slaves were admitted into the Union Army early in the war.
B)the Emancipation Proclamation included a statement that blacks would be admitted into the Navy.
C)eighty percent of the African Americans who enlisted in the Union Army were runaway slaves.
D)black soldiers served in segregated units and received half the pay of white soldiers.
E)some historians believe that black soldiers helped tilt the war's outcome toward Union victory.

Question 27

During the Civil War, the Confederacy's policy of impressment authorized its armies to:

A)seize food for the troops without any eventual payment.
B)confiscate slaves for military use but pay their owners full market value for them.
C)set up camps on private land whenever necessary.
D)take necessary food and slaves from civilians and pay with Confederate currency.
E)nationalize food production and war material industries.

Question 28

During the Civil War, one of the reasons that Lee's Confederate forces were able to push the Army of the Potomac northward and out of Virginia was that the Union general, George McClellan, was:

A)self-defeating in his attitude.
B)unprepared for battle.
C)slow to react to the Confederate onslaught.
D)cowardly to fight.
E)overconfident of his ability to command.

Question 29

Which of the following was true of the Union's national conscription law?

A)It provided the bulk of the army for the rest of the war.
B)It allowed a person to gain exemption until the next draft by paying a $300 commutation fee.
C)It stipulated that a state must use the draft to meet its quota of soldiers.
D)It set the draft age range from eighteen to forty-five.
E)All of the above.

Question 30

During the Civil War, the word contraband was applied not only to smuggled goods but also to:

A)runaway slaves.
B)appropriated horses.
C)freed slaves.
D)stolen food and other supplies.
E)all personal arms and ammunition.

Question 31

The "20 Negro Law," a section of the Confederate Conscription Act, stated that:

A)for every twenty slaves on a plantation, one white male could be exempt from the national draft.
B)wealthy landholders who owned at least twenty slaves could be exempted from military service to make sure that their valuable cotton got harvested.
C)owners of factories using twenty or more African American workers could be exempted from military service to continue the production of war supplies in their factories.
D)those who owned fewer than twenty slaves could not receive an exemption from service if drafted.
E)counties that contained fewer than twenty slaves were not required to send men to fight.

Question 32

In the North, the most violent protests against the draft took place in the city of _____.

A)Boston
B)New York
C)Philadelphia
D)Chicago
E)Albany

Question 33

At the beginning of the Civil War, most northerners:

A)hoped that the war aims would explicitly include the end of slavery.
B)were not very concerned about why the war was being fought.
C)disliked slavery but did not want a large, free black population in the United States.
D)wanted to fully emancipate of the black slaves and help them return to Africa.
E)supported broad emancipation unconditionally.

Question 34

Inflation at the end of the Civil War was so bad that the cost of living in the South had grown _____ over the course of the war.

A)three times
B)five times
C)ninety-two times
D)fifty-two times
E)twelve times

Question 35

In an attempt to control disloyalty and dissent in the North, Lincoln suspended Americans':

A)right to vote.
B)writ of habeas corpus.
C)protections against unwarranted search and seizure.
D)protections against being tried twice for the same crime
E)right of public assembly.

Question 36

One strategy that both the Union and the Confederacy used as the war progressed was:

A)limited warfare.
B)instituting an income tax.
C)requiring slaves and former slaves to serve in combat.
D)sending emissaries to negotiate a limited peace.
E)mandating that all men above the age of 18 serve in the military.

Question 37

In the _____ on September 17, 1862, the Union's Army of the Potomac forced Lee's Army of Northern Virginia to retreat from Union territory in Maryland back into the Confederacy.

A)Battle of Bull Run
B)Battle of Puebla
C)Battle of Pittsburg Landing
D)Battle of Antietam
E)Battle of Manassas

Question 38

_____ party's slogan was "The Union as it was, the Constitution as it is, and the Negroes where they are."

A)Abraham Lincoln's
B)George B. McClellan's
C)Jefferson Davis'
D)William H. Seward's
E)William James'

Question 39

One of the reasons for southern secession was to protect states' rights from a too-powerful federal government, so it was ironic that:

A)Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy, was not an especially strong supporter of states' rights.
B)the Confederate army was placed under President Jefferson Davis.
C)when the war ended, the South had a much larger bureaucracy than did the North.
D)the North was able to protect states' rights better than the South could.
E)to prosecute the war, the Confederate government had to assume a great deal of centralized control.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the Battle of Antietam?

A)It was the single bloodiest day of battle in American history.
B)It ended with victory for the Confederacy, which boosted morale and kept its soldiers determined to win the war.
C)It resulted in Union troops gaining the upper hand in the pivotal regions of Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania.
D)It gave Lincoln the necessary victory that allowed him to issue his Emancipation Proclamation from a position of strength rather than desperation.
E)It pushed Lee's army back into the Confederacy.

Question 41

During the Civil War, _________ expelled Jews from the areas of western Tennessee that were under his command.
a. General Ulysses S. Grant
B. Abraham Lincoln
C. General Irvin McDowell
D. Jefferson Davis

Question 42

Which of the following is a true statement about women during the Civil War?

A)They were refused jobs in munition plants.
B)They had a decreased role in public life.
C)They failed to move out of traditional roles.
D)They revolutionized the nursing profession.
E)They were allowed to fight besides men in the battles.

Question 43

For Catholics, the vast majority of whom were recent _____ living in northern cities, the war provided an opportunity to assert themselves as Americans.

A)Mexican immigrants
B)Irish immigrants
C)French immigrants
D)Dutch immigrants
E)British immigrants

Question 44

During the Civil War, the _________ became the sole issuer of paper money, solidifying its importance in the financial future of the nation and extending its reach throughout the various regions.
a. Confederate government
B. First Bank of the United States
C. federal government
D. Bank of North America

Question 45

Discuss the tactics used by the Confederate government to raise an army.

Question 46

Which of following is a true statement about how northerners viewed the Bible?

A)They held onto a more literal interpretation of the Bible.
B)They willfully accepted the practice of slavery as described in the Bible.
C)They emphasized the spirit of the Bible.
D)They advanced a more conservative interpretation of the Bible.
E)They focused on the literal words present in the Bible.

Question 47

Discuss the first major battle of the Civil War.

Question 48

_________ led Confederate Soldiers to victory in the Battle of Fort Pillow and later went on to become the first leader of the Ku Klux Klan.
a. General Nathan Bedford Forrest
B. General George B. McClellan
C. General William Tecumseh Sherman
D. General George Pickett

Question 49

_____ made his famous March to the Sea, cutting a path of destruction 60 miles wide and several hundred miles long through Georgia.

A)General Nathan Bedford Forrest
B)General George B. McClellan
C)General William Tecumseh Sherman
D)General George Pickett
E)General Ulysses S. Grant

Question 50

The Civil war lasted for _____ and was brutal for both the North and the South.

A)four years
B)fifteen years
C)one year
D)twelve years
E)eight years

Question 51

In 1862, Congress passed the _____, which offered 160 acres of free public land to any settler (including former slaves)who had never taken up arms against the federal government and who lived on the land for five years.

A)Morrill Land Grant College Act
B)First Confiscation Act
C)Confederate Conscription Act
D)Homestead Act
E)Second Confiscation Act

Question 52

_____, a Civil War nurse, went on to found the American Red Cross.

A)Alice Paul
B)Clara Barton
C)Charlotte Perkins Gilman
D)Margaret Sanger
E)Jane Addams

Question 53

The _________ jumped on Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus as proof that the president was a tyrant undeserving of popular support.
a. Republicans
B. Peace Democrats
C. Know-Nothings
D. Free Soilers

Question 54

Briefly discuss the Battle of Shiloh.

Question 55

How did the mobilization for war lead to the need for more powerful central governments?

Question 56

After the war, _____ and William James fashioned a new philosophy called pragmatism.

A)Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
B)Judah P. Benjamin
C)Philip D. Armour
D)Clara Barton
E)Andrew Jackson

Question 57

What were the advantages and disadvantages held and experienced by the North and the South at the beginning of the Civil War? Why did each side believe it would win?

Question 58

The Battle of Shiloh was also known as the _________.
a. Battle of Bull Run
B. Battle of Puebla
C. Battle of Pittsburg Landing
D. Battle of Antietam

Question 59

The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution:

A)allowed the government to suspend a writ in times of national crisis.
B)authorized armies to seize food, supplies, and even slaves for use in the war effort.
C)freed all slaves in the United States without compensating their owners.
D)included an announcement that black Americans would be accepted into the U.S. Army and Navy.
E)introduced direct taxation measures.

Question 60

The federal government expanded its budget in 1865, causing the national budget to exceed _____ for the first time in the nation's history.

A)$50,000
B)$1 billion
C)$1 million
D)$2 trillion
E)$10,000

Question 61

Discuss the Emancipation Proclamation.

Question 62

Discuss the New York Draft Riots.

Question 63

Describe the impact the Civil War had on various ethnic groups.

Question 64

In what ways did Abraham Lincoln tamper with Americans' civil liberties during the war? What comparable steps were taken by Jefferson Davis in the Confederacy?

Question 65

Discuss the challenges the Union states faced on the home front.

Question 66

Discuss the impact of the war on the federal government.

Question 67

Discuss General Sherman's famous March to the Sea.

Question 68

Explain the principle factors that contributed to the North's victory in the Civil War.

Question 69

Explain the various religious divisions caused by the war.

Question 70

Discuss the impact of the Civil War on industry.