Deck 17: Testing in Health Psychology and Health Care

Question 1

Wernicke's aphasia is characterized by

A)difficulty hearing.
B)impaired verbal comprehension.
C)impaired reading ability.
D)impaired psychomotor abilities.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Brain damage that effects information-processing skills involved in the retrieval of information is likely to be located in the

A)diencephalic system.
B)frontal lobes.
C)medial temporal lobes.
D)ventromedial hippocampus.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Clinical neuropsychology is multidisciplinary and overlaps with the fields of

A)psychiatry, neurology, and psychometric testing.
B)operant conditioning, nuclear medicine, and neurology.
C)counseling, neurology and psychometric testing.
D)psychiatry, nephrology, and psychometric testing.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Dr. Jackson, a psychologist, works in a rehabilitation facility that handles patients with injury or disease of the brain and/or spinal cord. His job is to identify and describe the dysfunction that is present, to use statistical procedures to quantify that dysfunction, and to design an appropriate treatment plan for the patient. It is likely that Dr. Jackson is a specialist in

A)experimental psychology.
B)behavioral medicine.
C)cognitive behavioral psychology.
D)clinical neuropsychology.

Question 5

After suffering from a stroke, Louise has problems dressing and seems to have trouble telling her right from her left. She also has trouble reading because she cannot seem to recognize written words. It is quite likely that the damage from the stroke

A)affected the right hemisphere of her brain.
B)affected the left hemisphere of her brain.
C)is not responsible for the deficits she is experiencing.
D)effected both sides of her brain.

Question 6

The roots of neuropsychology can be traced to the 19th century work of

A)Luria and Reitan.
B)Broca and Wernicke.
C)Tuber and Geschwind.
D)Halstead and Reitan.

Question 7

Clinical neuropsychology and ____ both focus on sensations and perceptions and on motor movements.

A)psychophysical assessment
B)cognition
C)neurology
D)psychiatry

Question 8

One of the major disadvantages of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery is that the battery

A)was not systematic.
B)is useless in localizing injury in a particular hemisphere of the brain.
C)can only be administered to adults.
D)requires 8 to 12 hours to administer.

Question 9

Wernicke's aphasia involves damage to the

A)hippocampus.
B)corpus collosum.
C)superior temporal gyrus.
D)amygdala.

Question 10

Mirsky and colleagues have identified four different factors of mental processing and related them to specific anatomical regions in the brain. These four factors are

A)focus execute, sustain, encode, and shift.
B)focus execute, sustain, process, and shift.
C)encode, process, sustain, and output.
D)sustain, encode, shift, and output.

Question 11

An individual with difficulty writing, impaired visual perception, and paralysis of a limb that they deny is paralyzed, might be suspected of having damage to which brain hemisphere?

A)left hemisphere
B)right hemisphere
C)there is no way to infer that information
D)both hemispheres of the brain must be involved

Question 12

Dyslexia

A)is a motor disorder.
B)is a disease that affects the muscular system.
C)is characterized by difficulty decoding single words.
D)is associated with mental retardation.

Question 13

Most of the work in neuropsychology is directed toward the assessment of

A)sensations/perceptions.
B)brain dysfunction.
C)mood.
D)motor movements.

Question 14

The scientific discipline that examines psychological impairments of the central nervous system, and the therapeutic or educational techniques designed to bring about improvement, is known as ____.

A)behavioral psychology
B)cognitive psychology
C)clinical neuropsychology
D)health psychology

Question 15

The concussion resolution index

A)does not correlate well with other neuropsychological tests.
B)performs poorly in comparison to the grooved pegboard test.
C)is a paper and pencil test.
D)can assess neuropsychological problems when other reports are normal.

Question 16

The Trail Making Tests evaluate several cognitive skills, including

A)mood, attention, and sequencing.
B)attention, intelligence, and thought processing.
C)attention, sequencing, and thought processing.
D)intelligence, sequencing, and thought processing.

Question 17

Your textbook presents the case of a patient who exhibited deterioration in performance on the Draw-a-Clock task, which was administered three times from 1996 to 1999. The pattern of the patient's performance indicated that

A)he was probably schizophrenic.
B)he was most likely illiterate.
C)parietal lobe functioning had deteriorated.
D)dopamine production had deteriorated.

Question 18

The factor proposed by Mirsky related to a child's ability to scan information and respond in a meaningful way is called

A)shift.
B)focus execute.
C)encode.
D)scanning.

Question 19

Dyslexia is an example of a

A)subcortical dementia.
B)speech disorder.
C)short-term memory deficit.
D)learning disability.

Question 20

Neuropsychological evaluations and ____ analysis have been used to identify malingering in patients who previously had brain damage.

A)factor
B)descriptive
C)discriminate function
D)differential item

Question 21

The concept of pluripotentiality suggests that

A)all areas of the brain are equally capable in performing any function.
B)any one center in the brain can be involved in several different functional systems.
C)one center of the brain is involved in one and only one functional system.
D)the potential of brain capacity is unlimited.

Question 22

The three components of psychological stress are:

A)fright, flight, and fight.
B)frustration, fear, and pressure.
C)frustration, conflict, and pressure.
D)demands, opportunities, and constraints.

Question 23

An emotional state marked by worry, apprehension, and tension is known as

A)frustration.
B)fear.
C)stress.
D)anxiety.

Question 24

Approximately how long does it take to administer the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery?

A)less than 1 hour
B)4 to 5 hours
C)8 to 12 hours
D)12 to 24 hours

Question 25

The findings of a study, using the CVLT, which compared patients with Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other neuropsychological impairments suggest that

A)measures have the same validity for different patient groups.
B)the association between variables is different for different patient populations.
C)the CVLT may be an appropriate measure for Alzheimer's patients but not Huntington's.
D)the CVLT cannot discriminate between impaired groups and a control group of patients.

Question 26

Which researcher introduced the concept of pluripotentiality?

A)Luria
B)Halstead
C)Reitan
D)Lezak

Question 27

The Halstead-Reitan Battery can assist in assessing

A)tumors from heart disease.
B)left versus right hemisphere brain lesions.
C)subcortical versus cortical brain lesions.
D)peripheral versus central nervous system lesions.

Question 28

Luria's original work used

A)highly objective measures.
B)standardized procedures.
C)multiple validity measures.
D)psychometrically unsound procedures.

Question 29

The California Verbal Learning Test is a new approach to clinical neuropsychology that builds on research in

A)psychological testing, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience.
B)physiological testing, experimental psychology, and neuroscience.
C)physiological testing, experimental psychology, and computer science.
D)psychological testing, cognitive psychology, and computer science.

Question 30

The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT)

A)is one of the subscales of the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery.
B)is an example of a fixed quantitative assessment approach.
C)identifies different strategies, processes, and errors associated with specific deficits.
D)is exclusively a paper and pencil instrument.

Question 31

As a component of psychological stress, frustration is defined as

A)the reaction that occurs when the attainment of some desired goal is blocked.
B)the type of stress that occurs when we must make a choice.
C)occurring when we are forced to speed up activity.
D)the type of stress that occurs when we have too much time on our hands.

Question 32

The Luria-Nebraska test provides a total of ____ scores reported as standardized performance levels.

A)3
B)10
C)11
D)14

Question 33

The Halstead-Reitan is an example of a ____.

A)fixed quantitative battery
B)more flexible assessment than the CVLT
C)qualitative approach
D)battery that does not used standardized procedures

Question 34

Which neuropsychological test can be administered by a computer?

A)Luria-Nebraska
B)California Verbal Learning Test
C)Halstead-Reitan
D)Trail Making Test

Question 35

Which test attempts to determine how errors are made in learning tasks?

A)Luria-Nebraska
B)Halstead-Reitan
C)California Verbal Learning Test
D)Category Test

Question 36

Approximately how long does it take to administer the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery?

A)1 hour
B)4 to 5 hours
C)8 to 12 hours
D)24 hours

Question 37

A standardized version of Luria's procedure was developed by

A)Benton.
B)Golden.
C)Mirsky.
D)Geschwind.

Question 38

Receptive and expressive language abilities seem to be localized

A)more in the left than the right side of the brain.
B)more in the right than the left side of the brain.
C)equally in the right and the left sides of the brain.
D)in the frontal lobe of the brain.

Question 39

Pluripotentiality refers to

A)simultaneous talents.
B)an individual's ability to perform two activities at the same time.
C)the concept that any one center in the brain can be involved in several functional systems.
D)the possibility of multiple intelligences.

Question 40

Along with the Halstead-Reitan Battery, patients often receive the

A)MMPI.
B)CPI.
C)Rorschach.
D)TAT.

Question 41

In one study, 18-month detoxified alcoholics

A)did not show any recovery of learning and memory.
B)showed some recovery of memory and learning.
C)showed full recovery of memory and learning.
D)showed better memory and learning than the abstinent group.

Question 42

Stress is a response to situations that involve

A)demands, constraints, or deadlines.
B)fear, frustration, or demands.
C)frustration, constraints, or opportunities.
D)demands, constraints, or opportunities.

Question 43

The focus of the TAS is on

A)the particular situation.
B)the measurement of social support.
C)the person rather than the situation.
D)the same as in the TAQ.

Question 44

Research on the STAI, which measures two components of anxiety, would seem to indicate

A)that the psychometric properties of the test are poor.
B)each component is measuring a different aspect of anxiety.
C)the two components are measuring the same thing.
D)that the factor structure of the test does not hold up in Japanese culture.

Question 45

Why is ANAM one of the most important developments in clinical neuropsychology?

A)ANAM takes eight hours to administer.
B)ANAM is the first neurological test to measure psychological disorder.
C)ANAM is an automated neuropsychological test.
D)ANAM only requires a single task.

Question 46

State anxiety is a(n)

A)personality characteristic.
B)emotional reaction that varies from one situation to another.
C)reaction that can be measured using trait personality measures.
D)stable and consistent fear reaction not specific to any one stimulus situation.

Question 47

The short version of the Test Anxiety Inventory

A)has been found to be psychometrically unsound.
B)has a total of 10 items.
C)retains many of the reliability properties of the full version.
D)has not yet been tested to evaluate its validity.

Question 48

The state-trait anxiety theory was developed by

A)Spearman.
B)Sarason.
C)Spielberger.
D)Mandler.

Question 49

Which imaging study allows estimates to be made of blood flow to regions of the brain?

A)CAT
B)fMRI
C)PET
D)EEG

Question 50

The original test anxiety measure was the

A)TAQ.
B)TAI.
C)STAI.
D)STABBS.

Question 51

The Ways of Coping Scale (Folkman, 2010; Lazarus & Folkman, 1984)is a ____-item test and includes ____ subscales.

A)10; three
B)68; seven
C)24; nine
D)79; six

Question 52

One advantage of EMA is that

A)information is collected in the subject's natural environment.
B)it does not require a computer.
C)information can only be collected once.
D)there is no variability over time.

Question 53

Which of the following is associated with left-sided brain injury?

A)visual-spatial defects
B)problems recognizing written words
C)problems with spatial calculations
D)inability to recognize a physical deficit

Question 54

Which type of memory is assumed to be unlimited in quantity and duration?

A)LTM
B)STM
C)WM
D)Verbatim

Question 55

Early studies using the Test Anxiety Scale demonstrated that test-anxious students

A)tended to be very self-confident.
B)are anxious in nearly all social situations.
C)tend to focus attention on themselves in test-taking situations rather than on the test.
D)are anxious because they are so tightly focused on the test.

Question 56

Which of the following is associated with right-sided brain injury?

A)word-memory problems
B)finger agnosia
C)problems dressing
D)difficulty writing

Question 57

After receiving neutral feedback, individuals who score low on the TAS tend to

A)be pessimistic about their future performance.
B)be optimistic about their future performance.
C)have low frustration thresholds.
D)be overly self-focused.

Question 58

The Test Anxiety Questionnaire distinguishes between the ____ drive and the ____ drive.

A)learned task; learned anxiety
B)stress; anxiety
C)learned task; learned hopelessness
D)learned helplessness; learned anxiety

Question 59

Given the advances in neuroimaging, why are neuropsychological tests still used?

A)Neuropsychological tests can detect problems that are missed with imaging.
B)Neuropsychological tests are needed for confirmatory analyses.
C)Neuropsychological tests take less time to administer and are less stressful.
D)Neuropsychological tests are an expected part of neurological workups.

Question 60

According to your textbook, which of the following is regarded as a major accomplishment of neuropsychologists?

A)The development of procedures to identify relationships between the brain and behavior
B)The synthesis of medications that help slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease
C)The development of imaging methods that eliminate the need for lengthy neuropsychological testing
D)The identification of specific brain structures that are associated with complex cognitive functions

Question 61

Which test evaluates attention and executive functioning in children?

A)Trail Making Test
B)Child Development Inventory
C)Halstead-Reitan
D)Luria-Nebraska

Question 62

The eight-dimension measure that was developed for the Medical Outcomes Study and the RAND Corporation is the

A)SF-36.
B)QWB.
C)Nottingham Health Profile.
D)Karnofsky Performance Status.

Question 63

Advances in neuroimaging techniques have most strongly benefitted which field?

A)behavioral psychology
B)cognitive psychology
C)clinical neuropsychology
D)health psychology

Question 64

Decision theory approaches to quality of life measurement have the advantage of providing

A)a complex profile of health status.
B)a basis to compare patients with very different conditions.
C)a method for predicting future illness.
D)unweighted dimensions of health.

Question 65

An important characteristic that specifically identifies the decision theory approach to quality of life assessment is that it

A)provides separate measures for different dimensions of quality of life.
B)asks respondents to choose from alternatives to determine what their quality of life is.
C)is based upon subjective ratings by physicians.
D)attempts to weight different dimensions of health.

Question 66

New research supports which view of functional problems?

A)They are related to specific locations within the brain.
B)They arise within complex neural systems.
C)They are primarily cognitive in nature.
D)All of the above.

Question 67

Which of the following is the LEAST stable over time?

A)cognitive deficits
B)stress levels
C)traits
D)states

Question 68

Research on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

A)suggested that it was unnecessary and not cost effective to screen all pregnant and postpartum women for depression.
B)showed that it did not function well for low income and African American women.
C)showed that it is only able to detect major depression in pregnant and postpartum women.
D)showed that is capable of identifying both major and minor depression in pregnant and postpartum women.

Question 69

Which component of the Halstead-Reitan assesses current learning skills, mental efficiency, and abstract concept formation?

A)category
B)trail making
C)rhythm
D)tactual

Question 70

The psychometric approach to quality of life measurement

A)weights different dimensions of quality of life to derive a single score.
B)is applicable to social aspects of life but not health issues.
C)are plagued by problems with validity.
D)provides separate measures for each of the dimensions of quality of life.

Question 71

Despite its limitations, which of the following is the most commonly used behavioral measure in contemporary medicine?

A)Nottingham Health Profile
B)Sickness Impact Profile
C)Index of Activities of Daily Living
D)SF-36

Question 72

The California Verbal Learning Test

A)determines how errors are made.
B)tests memory function.
C)measures intelligence.
D)identifies the location of brain injury.

Question 73

Different people confronted with the same stressful situation

A)may respond quite differently.
B)tend to respond in similar ways.
C)systematically assess all possible coping mechanisms and then choose the one that uniquely suits them.
D)experience similar health outcomes associated with stress regardless of how they choose to cope.

Question 74

The Concussion Resolution Index (CRI)was designed primarily to track the recovery process for which group?

A)battered women.
B)veterans.
C)car accident survivors.
D)athletes

Question 75

In cost/utility analysis, the benefits of treatment are expressed in

A)mortality rates.
B)well-years.
C)morbidity rates.
D)life satisfaction scores.

Question 76

The two major approaches to quality-of-life assessment are

A)tangible and intangible.
B)psychometric and decision theory.
C)internal and external.
D)life and death.

Question 77

Why is brain injury in children difficult to detect?

A)Neuroimaging tests are not safe to administer to children.
B)The smaller size of children's brains makes it more difficult to detect injuries.
C)Functional impairments may not appear until they are older and presented with new challenges.
D)It is difficult to get any child to attend to and perform well on neuropsychological assessments.

Question 78

The best known example of a psychometric approach to quality-of-life assessment is the

A)TAS.
B)WHO.
C)SIP.
D)MMPI.

Question 79

By 3 years old, infants who suffered from early brain lesions

A)had still not developed verbal abilities, coordination, and visual spatial abilities.
B)had caught up to their healthy peers in verbal ability, coordination, and visual spatial ability.
C)showed poor performance on tests of verbal ability, coordination, and visual spatial ability.
D)varied significantly in their verbal ability, coordination, and visual spatial ability.

Question 80

The Ecological Momentary Assessment

A)avoids biases associated with asking people to remember their moods or symptoms.
B)requires a highly trained observer to rate behavior.
C)provides information about the situational determinants of behavior.
D)shows great promise as an alternative to lengthy neuropsychological assessments.