Deck 16: Testing in Counseling Psychology

Question 1

Next to the Strong-Campbell, the second most widely used interest inventory is the

A)Kuder Occupational Interest Survey.
B)Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory.
C)Career Assessment Inventory.
D)Carnegie Interest Inventory.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Examinations of the psychometric properties of the KOIS indicate

A)poor reliability.
B)poor validity.
C)good reliability and predictive validity measures.
D)Examinations of the psychometric properties of the KOIS indicateless predictive validity in college graduates.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The first interest inventory was the

A)Strong Vocational Interest Blank.
B)Carnegie Interest Inventory.
C)Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.
D)Kuder Preference Survey.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

According to Holland's six personality factors, an individual that enjoys self-expression and being dramatic would fall on the ____ factor.

A)realistic
B)investigative
C)artistic
D)social

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

A)Scores on the Kuder remain stable over the course of time, but scores on the SCII tend not to.
B)Scores on the SCII remain stable over time while scores on the Kuder tend not to.
C)Scores on both the Kuder and the SCII do not remains table over time.
D)Scores on both the Kuder and the SCII remain stable over the course of time.

Question 6

Sonya builds computers for a living and enjoys camping and hiking on the weekends. Holland's theory would identify Sonya as

A)realistic.
B)artistic.
C)social.
D)investigative.

Question 7

Studies that examined the stability of interest patterns indicated that

A)they were not stable over time.
B)adolescents had a very stable pattern of interests.
C)interest patterns were established by about age 17.
D)most people became instable in midlife.

Question 8

The SCII improved on the SVIB by

A)reducing the number of occupational scales.
B)reducing gender bias in the scales.
C)limiting the age range of the criterion group.
D)using more gender specific norms.

Question 9

The 1966 version of SVIB used standard scores with a mean of ____ and a standard deviation of ____.

A)0; 1
B)50; 10
C)100; 15
D)100; 10

Question 10

Next to the Strong-Campbell, the second most widely used interest inventory is the

A)Kuder Occupational Interest Survey.
B)Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory.
C)Career Assessment Inventory.
D)Carnegie Interest Inventory.

Question 11

The expectation that a person has about their ability to perform the tasks associated with a particular occupation is known as

A)social desirability.
B)egocentrism.
C)self-efficacy.
D)attribution bias.

Question 12

The report that is generated for the KOIS presents ____ in the first section.

A)dependability of the results
B)rank-ordered interest patterns
C)ranks of different occupations
D)matches with different college majors

Question 13

David is very active politically and generally likes to be the leader of any group he joins. According to Holland's six personality factors, David is likely to fall on the ____ factor.

A)realistic
B)investigative
C)social
D)enterprising

Question 14

One difference between the KOIS and the SCII in item format is that

A)KOIS items are not associated with occupational interests.
B)each SCII item presents the test-taker with a triad (set of 3)of alternative activities.
C)the KOIS presents the test-taker with triads of (set of 3)alternative activities.
D)only the SCII provides direction with regard to selection of a college major.

Question 15

A major criticism of the Strong Vocational Interest Blank was

A)low validity.
B)low reliability.
C)sex bias.
D)that it was not properly designed for real life applications.

Question 16

Influencing, Helping, and Creating are three of the seven orientation scales that are part of the

A)Campbell Interest and Skill Inventory.
B)Jackson Vocational Interest Survey.
C)Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.
D)Kuder Occupational Interest Survey.

Question 17

Studies by Strong on occupational interests demonstrated that

A)occupational interests are very unstable and may change from year to year.
B)occupational interests are stable during high school years but become unstable during adulthood.
C)occupational interests remain relatively stable after students have left school.
D)occupational interests are stable during high school and college years, become unstable during the 30s, and become stable once again later in life.

Question 18

Suppose you scored very high on the Dentist Scale of the SCII. This would suggest that

A)you are interested in dentistry.
B)your interests are similar to those of people who say they are happy working as dentists.
C)you have a high aptitude for dentistry.
D)the chances are good that you will be a successful dentist.

Question 19

The criterion-group approach to test construction

A)matches a test-taker's responses to those of a defined group.
B)defines a criterion or cut-off score associated with high interest levels.
C)allows the test-taker to identify his or her criterion for success.
D)is seldom used for vocational tests.

Question 20

Which of the following tests may help college students choose a major?

A)Strong Vocational Interest Blank
B)Kuder Occupational Interest Survey
C)Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory
D)Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory

Question 21

Which of the following is a valid criticism of the SVIB?

A)It has problems with gender bias.
B)It lacks reliability.
C)It yields unstable scores.
D)It has poor predictive validity.

Question 22

The U.S. News and World Report now offers the ____ over the Internet for a small fee.

A)Kuder Occupational Interest Survey
B)Strong-Campbell Interests Inventory
C)Campbell Interest and Skill Survey
D)Minnesota Vocational Interest Inventory

Question 23

Individuals who take the Career Assessment Inventory must be able to read at the ____ grade level.

A)6th
B)8th
C)10th
D)12th

Question 24

Barbara is motivated by power and political strength. Which of Holland's personality factors does this reflect?

A)enterprising
B)ego strength
C)interpersonal
D)dominance

Question 25

Which of the following tests has become the "working person's" SCII?

A)KOIS
B)CAI
C)SDS
D)JVIS

Question 26

Which of the following is a criticism of Osipow's approach?

A)It focuses on the individual characteristics at the expense of the work environment.
B)It places greater emphasis on career interests over time than on stable career interests.
C)It assumes personality traits are stable when they are not.
D)It lacks the statistical power necessary for use in research.

Question 27

The Kuder Occupational Interest Survey involves

A)the selection of the most and least preferred activities from a triad.
B)only trade and technical occupations.
C)a combination of interests, abilities and education.
D)combined rather than separate norms for males and females.

Question 28

What do the SCII occupational scores provide?

A)The likelihood that the test-taker will be successful in the different occupations
B)The similarity between an individual's interests and the interests of those who are happy in their occupation
C)An indication of whether the individual will be able to find a job in their chosen occupation
D)What types of interests an individual needs to develop in order to be a success

Question 29

The Strong Vocational Interest Blank is based on the observation that

A)people from different occupations have different interests.
B)individuals' interests guide their career choices.
C)people who are not interested in a career often require guidance.
D)vocational interests are more important than career choices,

Question 30

Which of the following is true of Holland's Self-Directed Search?

A)It helps individuals develop a personal career theory.
B)It identifies individuals' strengths and weaknesses.
C)It yields impressive correlations between test results and stated career aspirations.
D)It is very difficult to score correctly and this has harmed its validity.

Question 31

A special commission appointed by The Association for Evaluation in Guidance found that

A)the psychometric properties of most interest inventories was poor.
B)instruction manuals for the interest inventories needed to be improved.
C)interest inventories guided men and women into gender-typed careers.
D)unisex interest inventories were neither valid nor reliable.

Question 32

Scales like the SCII and the KOIS are based on

A)measures that assess an individual's aptitude for a particular occupation.
B)an assessment of crystallized intelligence.
C)similar interests between test takers and persons in a particular occupation.
D)measures that predict how successful a person is likely to be in an occupation.

Question 33

Which of the following is a criticism of the 1977 version of the SCII?

A)It is too similar to the SVIB.
B)It lacks predictive validity.
C)The individuals in the criterion groups were older than the individuals who typically take the test.
D)It is based on the assumption that an individual's interest in their late teens or early twenties will be stable.

Question 34

Which of the following interest inventories is primarily designed for non-college bound individuals?

A)the KOIS
B)the SCII
C)the CAI
D)the SII

Question 35

Which theorist had an influence on the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory?

A)Holland
B)Murray
C)Maslow
D)Skinner

Question 36

Which test includes a scale that assesses the degree of skill in a number of specific occupations in addition to the scales that assess interest in academic and occupational topics?

A)KOIS
B)CISS
C)SVIB
D)JVIS

Question 37

Which of the following is true of the 1966 SVIB?

A)It included 54 occupations for men but only 32 for women.
B)It had very serious problems with reliability.
C)It was developed using the theoretical approach.
D)The interest patterns are not stable over time.

Question 38

Which of the following approaches to assessment is used in Osipow's approach to occupational assessment?

A)matching traits to occupations
B)assessing career maturity
C)assessing career preferences
D)using interview data exclusively

Question 39

The ____ is useful when planning a midlife career change

A)MVII
B)SCII
C)KOIS
D)JVIS

Question 40

Marjorie wants to get some information about possible career choices she might like. She would prefer to use some assessment that she can complete on her own rather than arranging an appointment with a career counselor. Marjorie might be interested in the

A)MVII.
B)JVIS.
C)SDS.
D)CAI.

Question 41

The approach of ____ involves the administration of an extensive test battery that includes the Purdue pegboard in order to learn as much about an individual's traits as possible

A)Holland
B)Osipow
C)Roe
D)Super

Question 42

Which of the following describes how gender is treated in the KOIS?

A)Gender differences are not addressed.
B)Men and women's forms are merged.
C)Gendered occupational terms such as "waitress" are used.
D)Separate norms were developed for men and women.

Question 43

Which measure includes an extroversion scale that helps guide respondents to occupations with the appropriate amount and intensity of interpersonal relations?

A)CISS
B)CAI
C)KOIS
D)SCII

Question 44

Jones and Nisbett (1977)suggested that we make situational attributions about our own behavior because

A)it is more difficult to accept our own faults.
B)we know more about ourselves than about others.
C)we are more subjective about our own faults.
D)we forget unpleasant aspects of our past behavior.

Question 45

Which of the following was NOT one of the improvements the SCII made over the SVIB?

A)It removed gender biased terminology.
B)It used a more representative sample in test construction.
C)It applied Holland's theory of vocational choice.
D)It merged men and women's forms.

Question 46

Research on attribution theory suggests that people tend to describe others in terms of ____, but explain their own behavior in terms of ____.

A)situations; traits
B)traits; personalities
C)traits; situations
D)specific context; situations

Question 47

Describe how gender has been treated in career testing. What measures have been taken to avoid gender bias? How have gender-based differences in career factors been addressed?

Question 48

According to attribution theory, people determine what has caused some event in their environment using three criteria:

A)persons, entities, or times.
B)distinctiveness, consensus, or consistency.
C)who, what, or when.
D)internal, external, or global.

Question 49

Which of the following is considered the first step in identifying an appropriate career path?

A)Identifying the school subject in which you made the best grades.
B)Evaluating your interests.
C)Choosing a college major.
D)Talking to individuals about their professions.

Question 50

Describe the criterion keying method that was used to develop the Strong Vocational Interest Blank. What procedures were changed in the development of later versions of this instrument; i.e., the SCII and the CISS?

Question 51

Compare and contrast the KOIS and CAI.

Question 52

Besides interests, describe other factors that should be considered for career planning and placement, and identify any of the tests discussed in this chapter that measure these factors in addition to interests.

Question 53

Tina, who is generally easy going, became short tempered after a run-in with a rude, irate customer. According to attribution theory, her behavior would be considered

A)consistent.
B)global.
C)stable.
D)distinctive.

Question 54

What is one of the problems with tests that measure personality traits?

A)They are usually too short.
B)Scores for personality traits may not be good predictors of how individuals behave in particular situations.
C)Two measures of the same trait usually do not correlate well with one another.
D)They are seldom psychometrically sound.

Question 55

Describe at least two key issues in the development of interest assessments and outline the attempts, if any, that have been made to deal with them.

Question 56

Who postulated that interests were an expression of personality that could be divided into one or more of six categories?

A)D. P. Campbell
B)E. K. Strong, Jr.
C)R. L. Thorndike
D)J. L. Holland

Question 57

In the criterion-group approach, subjects are matched to careers based on

A)personality type.
B)career knowledge and skills.
C)values and interests.
D)interests and experiences.

Question 58

Which of the following describes the sample used in the construction of the SVIB?

A)Restricted to less than 20 occupations.
B)An all male sample.
C)A predominantly young adult sample.
D)A good normative sample.

Question 59

Which test was carefully designed to be culturally fair?

A)CISS
B)CAI
C)KOIS
D)SCII

Question 60

Studies of the Self-Directed Search (SDS)have shown that respondents tend to score their own tests

A)accurately.
B)in a biased manner toward the career they were originally planning.
C)in gender-specific ways.
D)with a number of mathematical errors.