Deck 19: Application Module E: Applying Social Psychology to the Environ

Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a secondary territory? ​

A)Your bedroom
B)The seat you always sit in during English class
C)A seat at a movie theater
D)A public library

Answer 1

The seat you always sit in during English class

Question 2

____ territories are open to anyone who is not specifically excluded.

A)Primary
B)Universal
C)Public
D)Free

Answer 2

Public

Question 3

When people's short-term selfish interests conflict with long-term societal needs, it is known as ____.

A)the bystander effect
B)social loafing
C)the commons dilemma
D)the bad apple effect

Answer 3

the commons dilemma

Question 4

A teenager riding in the backseat of a car watches someone light a match and throw it onto a hillside. The fire will not be detected by local authorities for several hours, at which point acres and acres of land will have been scorched. The teenager, having not reported what he saw to anyone, apparently fell into the social trap known as ____.

A)the individual good-collective bad trap
B)the one-person trap
C)the missing hero trap
D)the secret buddy trap

Question 5

Research suggests that adding additional entrances to a mental health facility increases patients' sense of freedom and control along with a heightened sense of place among the therapists. This is an example of ____.

A)cognitive control
B)hypocrisy induction
C)learned helplessness
D)sensory overload

Question 6

The most common occupational disease in the United States is ____.

A)stress-induced ulcers
B)noise-induced hearing loss
C)musculoskeletal disorders
D)toxicity from chemical exposure

Question 7

The main distinction between the terms crowding and density is that crowding refers to ____, while density refers to ____.

A)the concentration of people; the concentration of physical objects
B)a subjective feeling; a physical reality
C)a neutral or positively experienced concentration of people; a negatively experienced concentration of people
D)situations over which people perceive that they have control; situations over which people do NOT perceive that they have control

Question 8

The subjective feeling that there are too many people in a given space is called ____. ​

A)density
B)pressure
C)push
D)crowding

Question 9

People are LESS likely to engage in the commons dilemma when ____.

A)they communicate with others
B)others are behaving badly
C)they are anonymous
D)they are highly self-interested

Question 10

Worldwide, the rate of population increase is close to ____ million people annually.

A)60
B)70
C)80
D)90

Question 11

One of the key barriers to solving environmental problems such as overpopulation and global warming is ____. ​

A)rule of law
B)the fundamental attribution error
C)sensory overload
D)the commons dilemma

Question 12

____ is the tendency to stake out an area and a willingness to defend that area from intruders.

A)Cognitive control
B)Hypocrisy induction
C)Territoriality
D)Crowding

Question 13

Toni is the only person in her neighborhood to have a swimming pool. If more and more houses in the neighborhood build swimming pools, there is likely to be a water shortage in the area. This is an example of ____.

A)the one-person trap
B)the individual good-collective bad trap
C)hypocrisy induction
D)the missing hero trap

Question 14

In terms of personal space, the typical social distance is ____.

A)less than 1 foot
B)1 to 2 feet
C)2 to 4 feet
D)4 to 12 feet

Question 15

Personalization-for instance, putting up pictures in one's cubicle at work-is an example of ____.

A)marking one's territory
B)establishing one's personal space
C)claiming one's public space
D)planned obsolescence

Question 16

A badly rusted storage tank leaks into the river that supplies drinking water for a large region. The owners of the tank deliberately withhold information from nearby residents about the chemicals that had been stored in the tank. This is an example of the ____ trap.

A)missing hero
B)missing information
C)missing integrity
D)missing regulation

Question 17

Jada knows that the lobby of her office is extremely crowded between 11:45 a.m. and 1:15 p.m.when people are going to lunch or picking up lunch orders. Although Jada hates crowds, simply knowing when the lobby is crowded increases her sense of ____ control.

A)affective
B)cognitive
C)behavioral
D)interpersonal

Question 18

Humans obtain approximately ____ of their energy from nonrenewable, nonsustainable resources such as oil, coal, and gas.

A)30 %
B)50 %
C)70 %
D)90 %

Question 19

Worldwide, about _____ people die of malnutrition and hunger-related diseases every day.

A)5,000
B)12,000
C)18,000
D)25,000

Question 20

Who among the following is a victim of the one-person trap?

A)Adam, who drinks heavily every night
B)Martin, who takes at least two showers every day
C)Leila, who refuses to get her children vaccinated
D)Christina, who withholds information about a suspect in a murder investigation

Question 21

Which of the following best describes the term learned helplessness ?

A)It is the tendency to stake out an area and a willingness to defend that area from intruders.
B)It is the sense people have about the predictability or controllability of their situation.
C)It is the belief that despite our efforts we are unable to control what happens to us.
D)It is when the amount of information to be processed exceeds the individual's capacity to sort out what is relevant from what is not.

Question 22

Suppose that you are a ninth grade teacher and you are trying to get your students to conserve more water and energy in their daily lives. Which of the following approaches is likely to be the MOST successful?

A)Educating them about the need for conservation
B)Making use of prompts, or reminders, at times when they tend to be wasteful
C)Telling them that you conserve energy and water
D)Having them make public commitments to their peers that they will be less wasteful

Question 23

Confronting people with the inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors is a strategy for promoting behavior change known as ____. ​

A)scarcity manipulation
B)cognitive control
C)hypocrisy induction
D)the one-person trap

Question 24

According to social psychology research, which of the following is NOT a particularly effective way to shift people's attitudes and behaviors regarding the environment?

A)Providing people with feedback about their impact on the environment
B)Making individuals' use of endangered resources as public as possible
C)Focusing on specific actions rather than general or abstract behaviors
D)Making non emotional appeals to the public

Question 25

The term ambient environment refers to the ____.

A)auditory environment (i.e., what we hear)
B)sensory environment in general (i.e., what we hear, see, feel, smell)
C)environment at a given point in time
D)"vibe" or "mood" that one feels in one's environment

Question 26

Suppose that you are a ninth grade teacher and you are trying to get your students to conserve more water and energy in their daily lives. Which of the following approaches is likely to be the LEAST  successful?

A)Educating them about the need for conservation
B)Making use of prompts, or reminders, at times when they tend to be wasteful
C)Having them make public commitments to their parents that they will be less wasteful
D)Having them make public commitments to their peers that they will be less wasteful

Question 27

Which symptom is NOT a typical indicator of post-traumatic stress disorder?

A)Uncontrollable thoughts about the traumatic event
B)Mania/hyperactivity
C)Sleep disturbances
D)Social withdrawal

Question 28

People in high-context cultures tend to be____ than people in low-context cultures.

A)more territorial
B)less territorial
C)less tied to nature
D)more concerned about security

Question 29

In a study about how to encourage hotel guests to reuse their towels, thereby promoting conservation behaviors, which type of message was the most effective?

A)One that simply provided a general environmental focus
B)One that elicited cooperation and invited guests to "partner" with the hotel to protect the environment
C)One that evoked the norm of reciprocity by noting that the hotel was doing its part to protect the environment and inviting the guest to do his or her part
D)One that clearly portrayed environmental damage with photos of decimated landscapes

Question 30

Research suggests that ____ can negatively impact employee work performance. ​

A)climate and noise (but not pollution)
B)noise (but not climate or pollution)
C)pollution and noise (but not climate)
D)climate, pollution, and noise

Question 31

Air pollution is the ____ leading cause of mortality worldwide. ​

A)9th
B)11th
C)13th
D)15th

Question 32

Of the following approaches that aim at encouraging people to conserve water and energy, which has been the MOST effective?

A)Education
B)Prompts
C)Simple reasoning
D)Having people make public commitments