Deck 14: Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Question 1

According to Sternberg, liking someone is associated with intimacy alone, without passion or long-term commitment.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Today, single people are less likely to be perceived as socially inadequate or as failures.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Reciprocity is the tendency to respond in kind when we feel admired and complimented.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Lonely people are cynical about human nature.

Question 5

When young men's views differ from those of their parents, they are more likely to engage in an active struggle or a fight for independence.

Question 6

A daughter's leaving for college (departure from home) tends to be more stressful to parents than that of a son's departure.

Question 7

According to Erik Erikson, the central conflict or life crisis of early adulthood in which a person develops an intimate relationship with a significant other or risks heading down a path toward social isolation is called intimacy versus isolation.

Question 8

According to European and American studies, dual-earner women with flexible work schedules encounter more stress than women with fixed schedules.

Question 9

Marriage restricts sexual relations so that a man can be assured-or assume-that his wife's children are his.

Question 10

Lonely people tend to withhold personal information to potential friends.

Question 11

Children of divorce benefit when their parents are open about expressing their negative feelings toward each other in the children's presence.

Question 12

Loneliness decreases from childhood to adolescence.

Question 13

Married people appear to be less able to cope with the stresses and strains of life due to the inherent pressures of married life.

Question 14

In fatuous love, intimacy and commitment are strong, but passion is lacking.

Question 15

According to Erik Erikson, an absent or fluctuating ego identity is connected with a high divorce rate in teenage marriages.

Question 16

Willingness to cohabit is related to traditional views of marriage and gender roles.

Question 17

In polygamy, a person has more than one spouse and is permitted sexual access to each of them.

Question 18

A person's religion, race, and socioeconomic status influence his or her life structure and life satisfaction.

Question 19

Mothers report significantly higher degrees of separation anxiety than fathers when their children leave home for college.

Question 20

Cohabitors tend to be less traditional and less religious than noncohabitors.

Question 21

According to Levison, what term refers to the tendency of many young adults to adopt the drive to become someone, to leave one's mark on history-which serves as a tentative blueprint for life?

A) Egoism
B) The self-fulfilling prophecy
C) The dream
D) The fantastical narrative

Question 22

Which of the following best describes the boomerang generation?

A) It refers to young adults who were born right after the Second World War.
B) It refers to young adults who reject the traditional norms and values of their parents in order to establish a new social order.
C) It refers to young adults who return home to live with parents for financial reasons even after graduating college.
D) It refers to young adults who venture out on their own after graduating college.

Question 23

Judy compliments her friend Laura on her leadership skills. Laura feels admired and in turn compliments Judy on her ability to think outside the box. This scenario illustrates an instance of _____.

A) reciprocity
B) ethnocentrism
C) fatuous love
D) individuation

Question 24

Felix is in the stage of early adulthood. In the context of studies conducted by Erik Erikson on the stages of life, the core conflict he is likely to face is _____.

A) intimacy versus isolation
B) superiority versus inferiority
C) autonomy versus dependence
D) attempt versus abstinence

Question 25

Keisha is a graduate and works at a diner. She is saving up for further studies. She is also wondering if she wants to get married and have children someday. In the context of Levinson's theory on seasons that a person goes through, all of these underlying factors contribute to Keisha's _____.

A) life structure
B) social cognition
C) separation anxiety
D) self-concept

Question 26

Wilma is in the stage of early adulthood. According to Erikson, the key crisis she is likely to face in this stage involves _______.

A) separation from siblings.
B) establishment of intimate relationships.
C) development of a sense of identity.
D) achievement of social responsibility.

Question 27

When young men's views differ from those of their parents, they are ______.

A) more likely to engage in an active struggle or a fight for independence.
B) more likely to succumb to societal pressures.
C) less likely to follow their own ambitions.
D) more likely to return home to live for financial reasons even after graduating college.

Question 28

Which of the following is true of romantic love?

A) It involves a strong sense of intimacy and commitment but lacks passion.
B) It typifies long-term relationships in which passion has ebbed but a deep and abiding friendship remains.
C) It is characterized by a deep commitment to remain together.
D) It may burn brightly and then flicker out.

Question 29

Feelings of connectedness to parents ______.

A) disappear completely after one begins attending college.
B) increase dramatically after employment or financial independence.
C) are related to the amount of financial and emotional support students receive from parents.
D) are related to the values and interests traditionally associated with the institution of marriage.

Question 30

Erikson's clinical experience led him to believe that young adults _______.

A) who had difficulties in school or with peer relationships rarely develop a sense of inferiority.
B) who were traditional are more likely to have strained relationships with their parents.
C) who departed from home for college or work always develop a strained relationship with their parents.
D) who had not achieved ego identity may not be ready to commit themselves to others.

Question 31

In the context of Sternberg's triangular theory of love, which component involves intense romantic or sexual desire?

A) Passion
B) Intimacy
C) Attraction
D) Reciprocity

Question 32

Which of the following statements is true of physical attractiveness?

A) Research shows that physical attractiveness is not a major determinant of interpersonal attraction.
B) Research shows that physical attractiveness is a major determinant of sexual attraction.
C) Women appear to be more responsive to the physical appeal of the opposite gender than men.
D) Women appear to be less attractive to men when they are in the fertile phase of their ovulatory cycle.

Question 33

Michael recently graduated from college and is working currently to pay back his college loans. He lives in an apartment. He has a girlfriend whom he wants to marry, and he is also wondering if he wants to have children someday. In the context of Levinson's theory on seasons a person goes through, all of these underlying factors contribute to Michael's _____.

A) life structure
B) social cognition
C) separation anxiety
D) self-concept

Question 34

According to Daniel Levinson, adults _______.

A) in their later 30s are unlikely to think of settling down.
B) who had not achieved ego identity-a firm sense of who they are and what they stand for-are ready to commit themselves to others.
C) go through certain periods of life in which their progress and psychological well-being are shaped by common social and physical demands and crises.
D) who choose to remain celibate or single develop normally.

Question 35

Which of the following is a difference between love and friendship?

A) Love is related to states of decreasing sexual arousal, whereas friendship is related to states of increasing sexual arousal.
B) Love can lead to a loss of self-esteem, whereas friendship can lead to an increase in self-esteem.
C) Love is limited to feelings of affection, whereas friendship includes much more than affection.
D) Love can refer to states of passion or infatuation, whereas friendship is based on shared interests, liking, and respect.

Question 36

Ruby and Daniel are close friends and share their innermost thoughts and secrets with each other. They both experience warmth toward each other that arises from feelings of closeness and connectedness. Ruby and Daniel's relationship, however, lacks passion and long-term commitment. In the context of Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Ruby and Daniel's relationship can best be termed _______.

A) romantic love.
B) liking.
C) companionate love.
D) infatuation.

Question 37

Erikson, like Havighurst, has been criticized for suggesting that young adults ________.

A) may not be able to gauge the extent to which their developing values may conflict with those of a potential intimate partner.
B) who have established a firm sense of identity during adolescence are unprepared for fusing their identity with those of other people through marriage and friendships.
C) who choose to remain celibate or single are not developing normally.
D) who had not achieved ego identity may not be ready to commit themselves to others.

Question 38

Which of the following is true of the attraction-similarity hypothesis?

A) It holds that people are more likely to develop romantic relationships with people who are approved by their parents or are similar to their parents.
B) It argues that young adults who do not reach out to develop intimate relationships risk retreating into isolation and loneliness.
C) It argues that certain preferred traits provide reproductive advantages.
D) It holds that people who are involved in committed relationships are most likely to be similar to their partners in their attitudes and cultural attributes.

Question 39

Which of the following is a form of love fueled by passion and feelings of intimacy but lacking in commitment?

A) Romantic love
B) Companionate love
C) Empty love
D) Consummate love

Question 40

According to Robert Sternberg, which of the following refers to the decision to devote oneself to a cause or another person?

A) Reciprocity
B) Passion
C) Infatuation
D) Commitment

Question 41

Suzette and Kent have been married for 20 years and the passion and intimacy in their relationship has faded. Yet, they remain committed to be with each other for the rest of their lives. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Suzette and Kent's relationship can best be termed as _______.

A) empty love.
B) fatuous love.
C) consummate love.
D) companionate love.

Question 42

Which of the following emotional experiences involves feelings of mistrust?

A) Anger
B) Resentment
C) Jealousy
D) Frustration

Question 43

Melanie and Ross have been seeing each other for about four months. They enjoy passionate intimacy and share their innermost thoughts with each other. However, Melanie and Ross do not wish to commit to a long-term relationship. In the context of Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Melanie and Ross's relationship can best be termed _______.

A) romantic love.
B) liking.
C) companionate love.
D) consummate love.

Question 44

Farrah and Michael have been in a relationship for five years and have found that their love for each other, which was initially based solely on passionate love, has flowered into a strong relationship to include commitment and intimacy along with passion. In this scenario, their relationship can be considered _______.

A) companionate love.
B) infatuation.
C) foolish love.
D) consummate love.

Question 45

Chris and Amber were instantly attracted to each other the first time they met. They enjoyed a whirlwind romance for some weeks before they realized that they were not well matched for a long-term commitment. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Chris and Amber's relationship can best be termed as _______.

A) empty love.
B) fatuous love.
C) companionate love.
D) consummate love.

Question 46

Nick and Mandy have been dating for a year. They share a passionate relationship. However, their relationship lacks the warmth that arises from feelings of closeness and connectedness. Although they are passionate about each other, they feel that they are not compatible. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Nick and Mandy's relationship can best be termed as _______.

A) consummate love.
B) empty love.
C) fatuous love.
D) companionate love.

Question 47

Which of the following is true of companionate love?

A) It typically occurs in whirlwind relationships that begin passionately but eventually burn out quickly.
B) It is low in commitment but high in passion.
C) It is high in commitment and passion but low in intimacy.
D) It occurs in long-term relationships in which passion has ebbed but a strong friendship is evident.

Question 48

A form of love that is considered complete love, with passion, commitment, and intimacy in full measure is called ______.

A) consummate love
B) romantic love
C) fatuous love
D) companionate love

Question 49

Which of the following emotional experiences are young adults likely to encounter as a result of life changes?

A) Boredom
B) Anxiety
C) Loneliness
D) Love

Question 50

Jack and Gina met in a summer camp. They are physically and emotionally attracted to each other. However, they do not believe their relationship has any future. This scenario exemplifies _______.

A) consummate love.
B) romantic love.
C) companionate love.
D) empty love.

Question 51

Which of the following is a difference between romantic love and consummate love?

A) Romantic love is usually based on shared interests, liking, and respect, whereas consummate love refers to a state of passion or infatuation.
B) Romantic love typifies long-term relationships, whereas consummate love typifies short-term relationships.
C) Romantic love has both passion and intimacy but lacks commitment, whereas consummate love is a more complete form of love in which all three components flower.
D) Romantic love always burns brightly, whereas consummate love may burn brightly and then flicker out.

Question 52

Which of the following is characteristic of lonely people?

A) They consider their problems to be less important than those of their peers.
B) They are cynical about human nature.
C) They have good social skills.
D) They disclose personal information to potential friends.

Question 53

Serial monogamy refers to _______.

A) a series of exclusive sexual relationships
B) a series of multiple sexual relationships that occur at the same time
C) any single exclusive sexual relationship
D) a single instance of multiple sexual relationships that occur at the same time

Question 54

Which of the following options involves passionate, obsessive love at first sight without intimacy or commitment?

A) Friendship
B) Empty love
C) Infatuation
D) Consummate love

Question 55

Andrea and Keith are in love with each other. They have been together for four years and share passionate intimacy. They are committed to each other and plan to marry soon. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Andrea and Keith's relationship can best be termed as ______.

A) romantic love.
B) infatuation.
C) companionate love.
D) consummate love.

Question 56

Which kind of love involves high levels of commitment and passion, but low levels of intimacy?

A) Romantic love
B) Fatuous love
C) Consummate love
D) Companionate love

Question 57

Steve and Roshna have been together for four years. They feel intimate and committed toward each other. However, they do not feel the same level of passion they felt at the beginning of the relationship. This scenario exemplifies _______.

A) consummate love.
B) romantic love.
C) companionate love.
D) foolish love.

Question 58

Which of the following forms of love involves commitment alone, without intimacy of passion?

A) Empty love
B) Companionate love
C) Fatuous love
D) Consummate love

Question 59

Today, single people _______.

A) are happy as they receive more benefits from the government.
B) have the same sexual interests and lifestyles as those who are not single.
C) encounter more social stigma as compared to the past.
D) are less likely to be perceived as socially inadequate.

Question 60

Myra and Richard have been married for a decade. The passion they shared as newlyweds has faded, but they remain best friends and still share every thought with each other. According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Myra and Richard's relationship can best be termed as _______.

A) companionate love.
B) empty love.
C) fatuous love.
D) romantic love.

Question 61

Which of the following is true of arranged marriages?

A) They are strongly associated with increased family tension and high divorce rates as opposed to other forms of marriages.
B) One of the purposes of arranged marriage is to ensure that the bride and the groom share similar backgrounds so that they will carry on family traditions.
C) Couples who opt for arranged marriages are less traditional than couples who opt for other forms of marriages.
D) One of the purposes of arranged marriage is to ensure that the bride and the groom get to know each other better before committing to a long-term relationship.

Question 62

Which of the following is true of cohabitation?

A) It is related to traditional views of gender roles.
B) It is seen as an alternative to living alone.
C) It is limited to gay couples.
D) It is related to traditional views of marriage.

Question 63

Diane was living with Jeffrey and had an exclusive sexual relationship with him for two years. As Jeffrey wanted to have children and Diane did not, they broke up. Diane then met Jeremy, and they moved in together. When Jeremy moved away to California, Diane was unwilling to relocate with him and the relationship ended. Now, Diane is in an exclusive sexual relationship with Ron. Diane's pattern of relationships illustrates _______.

A) serial monogamy.
B) polyandry.
C) empty love.
D) consummate love.

Question 64

Rahul and Amulya are attracted to each other but rarely find time to go out on dates because of different work schedules. Amulya suggests that she move in with Rahul so that they can further explore their relationship. Rahul agrees and Amulya moves in to his apartment. This scenario exemplifies _______.

A) polygamy.
B) serial monogamy.
C) empty love.
D) cohabitation.

Question 65

Why do some couples prefer cohabitation?

A) It allows them to avail various government schemes.
B) It tests the compatibility and endurance of a relationship prior to tying the knot.
C) It allows cohabiters to be more traditional and more religious.
D) It allows cohabiters to practice celibacy.

Question 66

Celibacy refers to ______.

A) maintaining multiple sexual relationships at a time
B) maintaining only one sexual relationship at a time
C) abstention from sexual activity, whether from choice or lack of opportunity
D) the practice of safe sexual practices in all relationships

Question 67

Evan is an attractive, young man who has chosen to remain single. He is afraid of dating and relationships as he believes having sex would lead to sexually transmitted infections. Evan is practicing _____.

A) celibacy
B) polyandry
C) monogamy
D) homogamy

Question 68

Which of the following is a difference between monogamy and polygamy?

A) In monogamy, a person is granted sexual access to more than one person, whereas in polygamy, a person is granted sexual access to only one person.
B) In monogamy, a person is involved in a series of platonic relationships, whereas in polygamy, a person is involved in a series of exclusive romantic relationships.
C) In monogamy, people get married to people who are similar to them, whereas in polygamy, people get married to people who are not similar to them.
D) In monogamy, one person is married to one other person, whereas in polygamy, a person has more than one spouse.

Question 69

Rehan has four wives and is permitted sexual access to each of them. This scenario best illustrates _____.

A) polygamy
B) monogamy
C) serial monogamy
D) homogamy

Question 70

Angeline and Miguel have been dating for almost a year. Six months ago, Miguel moved in with Angeline as they wished to test their compatibility before deciding to get married. This scenario exemplifies _______.

A) polygamy.
B) serial monogamy.
C) empty love.
D) cohabitation.

Question 71

A difference between cohabiters and noncohabitors is that cohabiters tend to _______.

A) have higher self-esteem and feelings of empathy.
B) be more committed to the values associated with the institution of marriage.
C) be more religious.
D) be less traditional.

Question 72

POSSLQ stands for People of Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters and applies to unmarried heterosexual couples who live together. It is also referred to as _____.

A) cohabitation
B) polyandry
C) homogamy
D) polygamy

Question 73

Sumeet has had four girlfriends at different stages of life, and he had an exclusive sexual relationship with each of them. However, none of the relationships resulted in marriage. Sumeet's pattern of relationships can be termed _____.

A) polyandry
B) celibacy
C) serial monogamy
D) serial polygamy

Question 74

Clive and Josie have been romantic partners for two years. Six months ago, Clive proposed Josie but she declined. However, she agreed to move in with him. This scenario exemplifies _______.

A) cohabitation.
B) reciprocity.
C) serial monogamy.
D) empty love.

Question 75

Why do some singles remain celibate?

A) They are extroverts.
B) They cannot remain committed to one person.
C) They lack opportunities.
D) They suffer from sexually transmitted infections as a result of having sex with multiple partners.

Question 76

Ella is a young woman with a lucrative job and a large circle of friends. She has chosen to remain single as she finds the idea of having sex unappealing. Ella is practicing _____.

A) monogamy
B) polyandry
C) celibacy
D) homogamy

Question 77

George and Lucy are married, and they are committed to each other. Their marriage best illustrates _____.

A) polyandry
B) monogamy
C) polygyny
D) bigamy

Question 78

Which of the following best describes gay marriage?

A) It is the marriage in which a person has more than one spouse.
B) It is the marriage between two people of the same gender.
C) It is the marriage in which two people live together for a certain period of time before tying the knot.
D) It is the marriage between two persons, but they also have sexual access to other people.

Question 79

Those who cohabit ______.

A) have less traditional views of marriage than others.
B) are more likely to be highly religious than those who do not.
C) lose their rights to get married traditionally.
D) are unlikely to ever consider getting married in the traditional sense.

Question 80

Marriages between people from similar backgrounds tend to be more stable. This practice of people getting married to people who are similar to them is referred to as _____.

A) homogamy
B) polygamy
C) polyandry
D) serial monogamy