Deck 2: Body Systems and Heart Health

Question 1

What is the diaphragm's main purpose?

A) To control breathing
B) To control electrolyte levels
C) To regulate metabolism
D) To regulate the rate and force of a heart contraction through stimulation.

Answer 1

To control breathing

Question 2

What is the most common disease associated to autonomic nerve damage or autonomic failure?

A) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B) Diabetes
C) Chronic dehydration
D) Hypertension

Answer 2

Diabetes

Question 3

Kidney stones are often a result of the kidney's inability to absorb __________.

A) calcium
B) potassium
C) glucose
D) amino acids

Answer 3

calcium

Question 4

Hypertension disease has a strong link to the body retaining which of the following?

A) Adrenocorticotropic
B) High blood potassium
C) Excessive fluids
D) Excessive caffeine

Question 5

Which of the following is a progressive lung disease that worsens over time, preventing a person from being able to breathe because of damage to the alveoli or thickening of the bronchi?

A) COPD
B) Dyspnea
C) CVA
D) Obstructive sleep apnea

Question 6

Where does the main source of brain energy come from?

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Glucose
D) Brain natriuretic peptide

Question 7

Excessive perspiration is usually not normal and is called ____________.

A) peristalsis
B) thermogenesis
C) homeostasis
D) diaphoresis

Question 8

One early warning sign that a diabetic patient presents with is the development of__________ in the urine.

A) protein
B) renin
C) potassium
D) sodium

Question 9

What is the primary function of the thyroid gland?

A) To act as a control system in the body through brain activity and nerve endings
B) To regulate metabolism
C) To conserve energy
D) To deliver oxygen to the body while removing carbon dioxide from the cells

Question 10

Which of the following is the primary connector between the brain and the heart?

A) Spinal cord
B) Spinal nerves
C) Cranial nerves
D) Vagus nerve

Question 11

Which of the following glands of the endocrine system are responsible for secreting glucose which controls blood sugar level?

A) Adrenal
B) Parathyroid
C) Pituitary
D) Pancreatic islets

Question 12

What type of strokes are caused by a blood clot that forms somewhere in the body and travels to the brain, where the clot then blocks blood flow?

A) Hemorrhagic
B) Somatic
C) Embolic
D) Thrombotic

Question 13

High blood potassium, called hyperkalemia, can cause which of the following?

A) Irregular heartbeat
B) Low oxygen levels
C) Dyspnea
D) Decrease in blood volume

Question 14

What system is often referred to as the heart's "fight-or-flight" response?

A) Integumentary system
B) Sympathetic nervous system
C) Involuntary nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 15

What is the function of the parathyroid gland?

A) To interact with the sympathetic nervous system when responding to stress
B) To regulate the calcium levels throughout the body
C) To control electrolyte levels
D) To regulate metabolism

Question 16

What is the process of inhaling and exhaling by breathing called?

A) Internal expiration
B) Homeostasis
C) External respiration
D) Thermogenesis

Question 17

Hormones from what gland control the other glands in the endocrine system?

A) Pituitary
B) Parathyroid
C) Adrenal
D) Thyroid

Question 18

Without intervention, what disease can lead to end stage renal disease and kidney dysfunction?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C) Diabetes
D) Dysautonomia

Question 19

The human body is composed of approximately what percentage of water?

A) 20%
B) 70%
C) 40%
D) 60%

Question 20

Urine is formed in the kidneys by tiny blood capillary units called ____________.

A) ions
B) nephrons
C) alveoli
D) neurons

Question 21

Through metabolism all the ____________ in the body are regulated.

A) fatty acids
B) hormones
C) vitamins
D) nutrients

Question 22

Which of the following, left untreated, can increase the risk of irregular heartbeats or in cardiac compromised people, can increase or worsen the risk of heart failure due to oxygen starvation?

A) Dyspnea
B) Diabetes
C) COPD
D) Sleep apnea

Question 23

Fatty deposits (plaque) and cholesterol can cause the arteries that lead to the brain to become blocked, causing what type of stroke?

A) Adrenergic
B) Thrombotic
C) Hemorrhagic
D) Embolic

Question 24

Which of the following keeps the heart beating by circulating blood systemically?

A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) pH

Question 25

Where is calcium stored in the body?

A) Brain
B) Bones
C) Bladder
D) Blood

Question 26

Which of the following is the only physiological way the body can lose heat?

A) Radiation
B) Convection
C) Conduction
D) Evaporation

Question 27

Which of the following is considered a waste product in the body?

A) Oxygen
B) Amino acids
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Potassium

Question 28

What is the process of gas exchange within the systemic capillaries called?

A) Internal respiration
B) External expiration
C) Internal expiration
D) External respiration

Question 29

Within the lungs, tiny sacs called __________ act as the component responsible for the gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

A) alveoli
B) bronchi
C) atria
D) nephrons

Question 30

Which of the following occurs when the body's core temperature is reduced below normal?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypothermia
C) Vasodilatation
D) Hyperthermia

Question 31

The parathyroid needs what hormone released by the thyroid gland in order to function?

A) Calcitonin
B) Adrenocorticotropic
C) Triodothyronine
D) Thyroxine

Question 32

What is the process of stabilizing the body's internal environment so that all of the body's organs work optimally?

A) Thermogenesis
B) Diaphoresis
C) Peristalsis
D) Homeostasis

Question 33

What hormone is secreted from the ventricles of the heart when the heart is under increased pressure and stress?

A) Calcitonin
B) Thyroid stimulating
C) Brain natriuretic peptide
D) Adrenocorticotropic

Question 34

Which of the following is body heat lost through sweating?

A) Evaporation
B) Conduction
C) Convection
D) Radiation

Question 35

Normal breathing is approximately how many respirations per minute in an adult?

A) 10
B) 20
C) 35
D) 40