Deck 13: Europe East and West

Question 1

By the time it subsided, the Black Death had killed

A) one out of three western Europeans.
B) huge numbers of people in Asia, but only a small fraction in Europe.
C) only people in Europe south of the Danube River.
D) one out of twenty western Europeans.
E) a negligible number of western Europeans.

Answer 1

one out of three western Europeans.

Question 2

Which of the following is not true of trading cities in Europe during the Middle Ages?

A) They remained small and unimpressive, producing little that could be used in long-distance trade.
B) They offered people more social freedom than rural places.
C) They were often "chartered cities" where residents could claim freedom.
D) They were able to adapt quickly to changing market conditions.
E) They were home to most of Europe's Jews.

Answer 2

They remained small and unimpressive, producing little that could be used in long-distance trade.

Question 3

Which of the following was not a social result of the Black Death epidemic?

A) A demand by laborers for higher pay
B) A call for democracy
C) Peasant revolutions
D) An increase in per capita production
E) An end of serfdo m in western Europe

Answer 3

A call for democracy

Question 4

The Hanseatic League, an association of trading cities that traded extensively in the Baltic region, was based in

A) Germany.
B) Russia.
C) the Ottoman Empire.
D) England.
E) Bulgaria.

Question 5

What architectural wonder first made an appearance in France on or about the year 1140 C.E.?

A) Guild halls
B) Opera houses
C) Gothic cathedrals
D) Chateaux
E) Romanesque churches

Question 6

In Europe's later Middle Ages, the rapid growth of industry resulted in environmental changes; which of the following was not among them?

A) Deforestation
B) Water pollution by industries such as tanneries
C) The damming of rivers
D) The creation of quarry pits and mines
E) More leisure time in the day for most people

Question 7

Which of the following was not one of the significant crises in the Middle Ages?

A) The plague
B) War between France and England
C) The fall of Constantinople
D) The conquest of Rome by barbarians
E) Conflict over the nationality of the pope

Question 8

The Renaissance began in

A) eastern France.
B) southern England.
C) southern Russia.
D) Austria.
E) northern Italy.

Question 9

Western Europeans of the later Middle Ages (second millennium C.E.) referred to themselves as

A) Franks.
B) Europeans.
C) Westerners.
D) Old Worlders.
E) Latins.

Question 10

Which of the following is true of merchant banking in the fifteenth century?

A) Jews were prohibited from money lending for religious reasons.
B) Florence lagged behind the rest of Europe.
C) Checking accounts, shareholding companies, money changing, loans, and investments were offered as services.
D) Services were offered only to the clergy.
E) No money could be lent for the purpose of warfare, in accordance with the Banker Agreement of 1499.

Question 11

What official role did the Catholic Church play in the persecution of Jews in medieval Europe?

A) It usually organized the persecution.
B) It punished Christians in outlying lands for the persecutions in which they participated.
C) It assisted the authorities in helping to find out which Jews were responsible for any social disturbances.
D) It advocated a separate Jewish state in Europe.
E) The Church left the Jewish people undisturbed in the papal city of Rome.

Question 12

Why did the population of Europe increase so dramatically during the early Middle Ages?

A) A warming trend allowed for higher production of food.
B) There was an absence of epidemics.
C) The economy revived because of commercial trade.
D) All of these
E) Nobody knows.

Question 13

Windmills and watermills

A) were invented in later medieval Europe.
B) had long been common in the Islamic world.
C) were banned by the pope as the "devil's wheel."
D) had little impact in Europe.
E) were unknown in China.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a distinctive feature of the Gothic cathedral?

A) The flying buttress
B) Giant stained-glass windows
C) The Gothic arch
D) Their great height
E) Domes

Question 15

In return for the use of their lord's land, serfs

A) paid money for rent.
B) had to give the lord a share of the harvest and perform services.
C) served half the year as knights.
D) were required to send their children to the religious schools.
E) worked as bureaucrats for the monarch.

Question 16

The three-field system was

A) the traditional three-part contest performed by knights.
B) the legal system.
C) the political relationship among king, lord, and serf.
D) the technology used in medieval optics.
E) an agricultural method.

Question 17

Some of the lost knowledge of the Greek and Arab world came into the Latin West through

A) the recapture of northern Germany from the Huns.
B) the recapture of southern Italy from the Byzantines and of Sicily and Toledo from the Muslims.
C) contact with the court of Khubilai Khan.
D) the discovery of the remains of the Library of Alexandria.
E) the lively trade in classical antiquities.

Question 18

A guild was a(n)

A) band of knights without ties to a lord.
B) association of craft specialists from the same trade.
C) order of monks.
D) unit of currency in use throughout the Latin West.
E) measurement of distance.

Question 19

In Europe's later Middle Ages, women were considered to be

A) inferior to men.
B) superior to men.
C) equal to men.
D) essential contributors to spiritual practice.
E) suited only to be servants.

Question 20

The continued growth of trade and manufacturing after 1200 resulted in

A) the growth of urban are as in western and central Europe.
B) the continuing economic depression in agriculture.
C) the isolation of Europe from the rest of the world.
D) religious revival and expansion.
E) strict government regulation.

Question 21

Spain and Portugal's reconquest of Iberia was at the expense of

A) English rule.
B) French rule.
C) Persian rule.
D) Moroccan rule.
E) Muslim rule.

Question 22

In the universities of western and central Europe, all co urses were taught in

A) French.
B) Greek.
C) Hebrew.
D) Latin.
E) German.

Question 23

The construction of most European mills was financed by

A) wealthy farmers.
B) the Medici.
C) individual people who had saved the necessary funds.
D) groups of investors.
E) monarchs.

Question 24

Before 1492, the largest population of Jews in the West was found in

A) France.
B) Belgium.
C) Holland.
D) Spain.
E) England.

Question 25

Joan of Arc

A) led the French to victory in a decisive battle during the Hundred Years War.
B) brokered the English and French peace treaty, thus ending the Hundred Years War.
C) became the queen of France during the Hundred Years War.
D) was the only woman permitted to attend the University of Paris.
E) founded the city of Orleans.

Question 26

The Great Western Schism originated over

A) whether the seat of Catholicism should be in Rome or Constantinople.
B) whether women could be priests.
C) the nationality of the pope.
D) whether priests could be married.
E) the formation of different types of monasteries (Franciscan, Dominican, Cappucin, etc.).

Question 27

By the fifteenth century, the craftspeople of Venice

A) had all moved to the mainland, because real estate prices in the city were too high.
B) had learned to make luxury goods that were previously only available as imports.
C) had been put out of business by lower-priced imports from China.
D) had been forced to abandon their guilds.
E) were mostly Jewish.

Question 28

By 1500, the English Parliament had

A) been disbanded by King John.
B) overthrown the king and gained complete governmental authority.
C) become a permanent part of English government.
D) yet to be officially formed.
E) been disbanded.

Question 29

The greatest influence of the humanists was in

A) the reform of secondary education.
B) creating the Knights Templar.
C) medicine.
D) the standardization of weights and measures.
E) their call to a return to the traditions and learning of the early Middle Ages.

Question 30

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Black Death

Question 31

Which of the following statements about the Magna Carta is not true?

A) It affirmed that monarchs are subject to established law.
B) It confirmed the independence of the church and the city of London.
C) It gave new rights to the peasants.
D) It means "Great Charter."
E) It guaranteed the nobles' hereditary rights.

Question 32

Scholasticism was the

A) study of legal doctrines as the central principle of all knowledge.
B) attempt by thirteenth-century theologians t o reconcile Aristotelian philosophy with the Bible.
C) rejection by theologians and scholars of earthly knowledge in favor of spiritual belief.
D) violent anti-university movement of the thirteenth century.
E) theory that a free education is the right of all children.

Question 33

Early university teachers set educational standards and defended their professional interests by forming

A) faculty senates.
B) conclaves.
C) guilds.
D) madrasas.
E) They did not manage their own affairs, but were instead controlled by the monarch.

Question 34

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
three-field system

Question 35

After displacing or killing native inhabitants who would not convert to Christianity, the Order of Teutonic Knights resettled and administered a territory that eventually became

A) Poland.
B) Prussia.
C) Latvia.
D) Romania.
E) Bavaria.

Question 36

Which of the following fostered artistic growth in the Renaissance?

A) The ability of the average person to afford art
B) The war against the Muslims, in which many Muslim artists and artwork were captured
C) The artistic tax, by which part of every salary was used to support museums
D) The patronage of wealthy merchants and prelates
E) Universal education

Question 37

I n the late thirteenth century, the towns of Bruges, Ghent and Ypres were famous for their

A) well-preserved and picturesque Medieval architecture.
B) chocolate.
C) high-quality woolen cloth.
D) sleepy, provincial atmosphere.
E) silk production.

Question 38

Which of the following was not a characteristic of "new monarchies"?

A) Standing armies.
B) Decentralized administration.
C) Fixed national boundaries.
D) Formalized representative institutions for nobles.
E) Dependence on tax revenue.

Question 39

In the early fifteenth century, Flemish painting was distinctive in the way it used

A) mythological imagery.
B) linear perspective.
C) egg-tempera paint.
D) oil-based paint.
E) gold leaf.

Question 40

Which of the following does not describe the Divine Comedy ?

A) It features the Roman poet Virgil as the author's guide through Hell.
B) It used the vernacular, foreshadowing the literary fashions of the later Italian Renaissance.
C) It was written by Dante Alighieri.
D) It made use of Greco-Roman classical themes.
E) It was written in Latin, like most literature of the time.

Question 41

Describe the changes in civic life associated with urban growth in later medieval Europe. Use the document in the Diversity and Dominance section of the textbook, "Persecution and Protection of Jews, 1272-1349," in your analysis. What does this document reveal about the position of Jews in western and central Europe?

Question 42

The later Middle Ages was a period of great intellectual and artistic achievement marked by what is often called the Renaissance. What was the Renaissance, and what were some of its most important and lasting cultural and artistic achievements?

Question 43

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
reconquest of Iberia

Question 44

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
universities

Question 45

What is humanism? How were the ideas of humanism spread throughout Europe?

Question 46

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Renaissance (European)

Question 47

Explain the causes and effects of rural poverty in Europe between 1200 and 1500. What role did the natural environment play in people's survival?

Question 48

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Hundred Years ' War

Question 49

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
printing press

Question 50

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Hanseatic League

Question 51

How was Europe's urban revival linked to its contacts with Byzantine and Muslim neighbors?

Question 52

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
scholasticism

Question 53

Discuss the use of Latin versus vernacular language in the transmission of knowledge during the Middle Ages. What differences did language make?

Question 54

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
humanists (Renaissance)

Question 55

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
guild

Question 56

What were the major causes of population decline in the fourteenth century, and what results did this have in social, economic, and political terms?

Question 57

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Great Western Schism

Question 58

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
new monarchies

Question 59

What were some of the technological advances and innovations in medieval Europe that some historians refer to as an "industrial revolution"? What were the environmental consequences?

Question 60

Instructions: Explain/Define the following terms.
Gothic cathe drals

Question 61

One of the most significant events in Europe in the later Middle Ages was the rise of the new monarchies. What three closely related transformations led to this rise? Choose one of the monarchies to illustrate your answer.

Question 62

The Great Western Schism was a manifestation of changing relations between the Latin church and the monarchies of western Europe. Explain what brought about the schism and what it had to do with the emergence of "new monarchies".

Question 63

Military technology and tactics changed considerably by the later Middle Ages. Describe these changes and their effect on nation building.