Deck 8: Africa

Question 1

Although Nigeria produces no precursor chemicals or drugs that have a significant impact on the United States, Nigeria is a major trafficking hub and the base for criminal organizations responsible for a significant amount of which drug used in the United States? ​

A)K2
B)heroin
C)methamphetamine
D)cocaine

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which country is the second largest market for ivory, where the legal trade in old ivory is used to cover for poached ivory?

A)United States
B)Russia
C)Jamaica
D)Spain

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which type of crime refers to the numerous elephants killed for their ivory that is sold or smuggled to Asia, usually by Chinese brokers? ​

A)biological
B)environmental
C)nature-based
D)wildlife

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following describes the structure of African criminal organizations? ​

A)project-based cells organized by kinship along ethnic or clan lines
B)disperse after the operation
C)regroup at a later date for another operation
D)project-based cells organized by kinship that disperse after operation and regroup at a later date

Question 5

Which event caused the deaths of 800,000 Tutsis in 1994? ​

A)Second Congo War
B)Nigerian genocide
C)DRC War
D)Rwandan genocide

Question 6

Which scam is the most notorious of the Nigerian operations, also referred to as the 419s after a section of the Nigerian Criminal Code-in which thousands of unsolicited letters, faxes, and emails based on fraudulent representations are sent to people worldwide with the promise of great profits for an upfront cash advance? ​

A)identity
B)advance fee
C)royalty
D)promise

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the key items trafficked in West Africa? ​

A)narcotics
B)ivory
C)precious minerals
D)stolen military weapons

Question 8

Nigerian involvement in the drug trade is limited due to its geographic location being so secluded. ​

Question 9

There is a pronounced _____________ in West Africa: an "official" legal system, inherited from the former colonial masters and an "unofficial" system that operates beneath the surface. ​

A)communist state
B)dualism
C)democracy
D)aristocracy

Question 10

The structure of African criminal organizations is NOT similar to the Sicilian Mafia or the Japanese yakuza , but more similar to that of which organized crime group in the United States? ​

A)Albanian
B)Irish
C)Russian
D)Jamaican

Question 11

Which reason is NOT given by the UNODC as a reason for volatility in West Africa? ​

A)poor scores in human development indexes
B)income equality across population
C)very low military budgets
D)political instability

Question 12

In the eyes of many who reside in various West African nations, which crime is legitimate and necessary for survival? ​

A)rape
B)robbery
C)murder
D)smuggling

Question 13

West African organized crime groups have specialized in the smuggling of ivory taken from illegally poached elephants. ​

Question 14

West Africa is characterized by political instability where military and paramilitary groups often drift into organized crime. ​

Question 15

Criminal organizations in West Africa are partitioned into project-based cells that are organized by kinship ethnic or clan lines. ​

Question 16

In West Africa, drug traffickers are primarily of what descent? ​

A)Algerian
B)Angolan
C)Namibian
D)Nigerian

Question 17

African criminal enterprises have developed rapidly since the 1980s due to globalization of the world's economies and the great advances in which type of technology? ​

A)communication
B)weapons
C)transportation
D)military

Question 18

Which criminal entrepreneurs are the most significant of African criminal groups and operate in more than 80 different countries throughout the world? ​

A)Algerian
B)Angolan
C)Nigerian
D)Namibian

Question 19

The techniques of West African criminal organizations are similar to those of the Sicilian Mafia that operates in the United States. ​

Question 20

As a result of increased enforcement against drugs entering Europe through Spain and the Netherlands, which area has become even more attractive to drug smugglers? ​

A)West Africa
B)Somalia
C)Kenya
D)Jamaica

Question 21

Discuss the drug trafficking activities of the Nigerians. What is unique about Nigeria and drug trafficking? ​

Question 22

The most notorious of the Nigerian operations is the _____________ scam. ​

Question 23

_________________ still remains the most lucrative illegal activity of West African organized crime groups. ​

Question 24

In recognition of the problem of Nigerian crime groups, the U.S. Department of Justice established a(n)____________ that coordinates the federal investigations of Nigerian criminal enterprises by using joint task forces in six major U.S. cities. ​

Question 25

The most sinister of the Nigerian frauds is referred to as the 911 royalty scam.

Question 26

As a result of stepped-up enforcement against __________ entering Europe through Spain and the Netherlands, West Africa has become more attractive to smugglers. ​

Question 27

The _____________ criminal entrepreneurs are the most significant of the African crime groups. ​

Question 28

About twice the size of California, ____________ is Africa's most populous country: 100 million people divided into 250 ethnic groups with a labor force employed primarily in agriculture. ​

Question 29

Describe the specific techniques used by West African criminal organizations to ensure their stake in the profit from illicit activities both home, and abroad. ​

Question 30

___________________ and clientelism are widespread in West Africa. Public offices are often entangled with private interests, including those that support illegal activities. ​

Question 31

What variables make West Africa attractive for the development of organized crime? ​

Question 32

Nigerian cells target financial institutions through credit card fraud. ​