Deck 26: The Cold War Abroad and at Home

Question 1

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Marshall Plan

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Eisenhower Doctrine

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
NATO

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Korean War

Question 5

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Atomic Energy Commission

Question 6

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Winston Churchill, Iron Curtain speech

Question 7

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
National Security Act of 1947

Question 8

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Harry Truman

Question 9

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Cold War

Question 10

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Employment Act of 1946

Question 11

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Douglas MacArthur

Question 12

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Jiang Jieshi versus Mao Zedong

Question 13

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
NSC-68

Question 14

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Truman Doctrine

Question 15

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Suez crisis

Question 16

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
George Kennan, Containment

Question 17

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
"Enforced Sovietization" of Eastern Europe

Question 18

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Joseph Stalin

Question 19

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
John Foster Dulles

Question 20

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Berlin Airlift

Question 21

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
House Un-American Activities Committee

Question 22

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Whittaker Chambers

Question 23

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Strom Thurmond, Dixiecrats

Question 24

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Military-industrial complex

Question 25

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Federal Employee Loyalty Program

Question 26

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Fidel Castro

Question 27

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Inchon

Question 28

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Alger Hiss, and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Question 29

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Richard Nixon

Question 30

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
"New Look"

Question 31

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
McCarran Internal Security Act

Question 32

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Dwight Eisenhower

Question 33

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Taft-Hartley Act, closed shop

Question 34

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Hollywood Ten

Question 35

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Ho Chi Minh, Vietminh, Dienbienphu

Question 36

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
McCarthyism, Joseph R. McCarthy

Question 37

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Ngo Dinh Diem

Question 38

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Second Red Scare

Question 39

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Central Intelligence Agency

Question 40

Instructions: Identify the following. Be as specific as possible, and include names, dates, and relevant facts as appropriate. Be sure to explain the significance of the person or term.
Fair Deal

Question 41

The Taft-Hartley Act

A) outlawed the closed shop and permitted the president to call a cooling-off period to delay a strike.
B) expanded the rights of labor unions.
C) constituted a slave-labor bill that crippled the labor movement in the United States.
D) was the cornerstone of President Truman's Fair Deal.
E) was the first New Deal act that was repealed in the Truman administration.

Question 42

Which of the following was not a result of the labor strikes of 1945-1946?

A) A presidential order for the army to seize mines where the miners went on strike.
B) A presidential threat to draft workers who struck vital industries.
C) A growing public support for unions.
D) A paralyzed economy.
E) A split between the president and the nation's union leaders.

Question 43

Which of the following was not one of the reasons that the 1947 National Security Act was significant?

A) It unified the armed forces.
B) It created the Central Intelligence Agency.
C) It established the National Security Council.
D) It established the Department of Defense.
E) It required federal employees to sign a loyalty oath.

Question 44

What did George Kennan argue in his long telegram from Moscow?

A) that conflict with the Soviet Union was inevitable, so the United States had to pursue a firm policy of containing Soviet expansion.
B) that the focus of world communism was shifting to China, and the United States should abandon its preoccupation with affairs in Eastern Europe.
C) that American war aims in Europe had been achieved, so the United States should withdraw and focus on domestic challenges.
D) that the Soviet Union was interested mainly in securing its borders, so the United States should encourage its domination of Eastern Europe.
E) that conflict with the Soviet Union was inevitable, so the United States should, if at all possible, invade Russia and halt its expansive tendencies.

Question 45

The Employment Act of 1946

A) established full employment as a federal goal.
B) gave the president broad powers to achieve maximum employment.
C) committed the federal government to ensuring economic growth and maintaining employment.
D) made Keynesian economics an officially recognized government approach to maximum employment.
E) prohibited the government from running a deficit for the purpose of improving the economy.

Question 46

What 1949 event embittered many conservatives?

A) The establishment of the communist People's Republic of China
B) The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
C) The outcome of the Korean War
D) The loss of Eastern Europe to communism
E) The provisions of the Yalta agreements

Question 47

What was Winston Churchill referring to in 1946 when he spoke in Missouri about an "iron curtain"?

A) the division that had developed between President Truman's loyal supporters in his home state and his opponents in the rest of the country.
B) a division between Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe and the rest of the continent.
C) the barrier that had to be established in order to contain communism within its existing boundaries.
D) the cultural and intellectual barrier that prevented Westerners from understanding Asia.
E) the atomic espionage ring supposedly organized by Klaus Fuchs.

Question 48

In 1950, Joseph McCarthy argued that

A) General Eisenhower should lead a military coup against President Truman.
B) the United States should seek a peace settlement with the Soviet Union.
C) UN forces should use the atomic bomb against North Korea.
D) there were communists working in the American government.
E) Richard Nixon had been a communist spy during World War II.

Question 49

Why was Inchon significant to the Korean War?

A) The North Koreans opened the war by seizing Inchon.
B) General Douglas MacArthur launched a daring amphibious assault at Inchon that forced North Korea's forces to retreat.
C) The United States detonated a nuclear bomb over Inchon to show the North Koreans how powerful the United States was.
D) Inchon housed a prison that became notorious for American prisoner of war abuse.
E) South Korea based its capitol at Inchon after the North Koreans captured Seoul.

Question 50

The Korean War was an example of all the following except

A) limited war.
B) the triumph of military over political leadership.
C) the containment policy.
D) war without congressional approval.
E) a stalemate.

Question 51

Which of the following statements concerning the formation of NATO in 1949 is not true?

A) The United States wanted a defensive alliance that preserved the security of Western Europe.
B) Many European countries joined because of they feared the spread of communism.
C) The Soviet Union formed NATO to offset the creation of the Warsaw Pact by the United States.
D) This was the first major military alliance involving the United States since the late 1700s.
E) President Truman ranked NATO as one of his proudest achievements.

Question 52

Why did President Harry Truman develop the Truman Doctrine in 1947?

A) He wanted to give European countries economic assistance.
B) He wanted to rebuild the militaries of Great Britain and France in order to resist communism.
C) He wanted to provide military and economic aid for Turkey and Greece to resist the spread of communism.
D) He wanted to offer the Soviet Union an opportunity for reconciliation.
E) He wanted to place atomic weapons under international control.

Question 53

Which of the following statements provides evidence of American's assessment of the first twenty months of Harry Truman's presidency?

A) Procommunist elements strengthened their influence in the Democratic party.
B) In the November 1946 elections Republicans gained control of both houses of Congress for the first time since 1928.
C) John L. Lewis took the United Mine Workers out on strike twice, and Truman nationalized the mines twice.
D) Truman was reelected in a landslide victory.
E) The Democrats gained control of twenty-five governorships in the elections of 1946.

Question 54

What did Truman mean when he said that Korea was the "Greece of the Far East"?

A) Both countries were suffering from similar economic turmoil.
B) Korea was facing attacks from Turkey, just as Greece had.
C) Both countries were at risk of falling to communism.
D) Both countries had difficulty recovering from the Depression and World War II.
E) Korea and Greece were allies of the Soviet Union.

Question 55

Which of the following statements about American military and foreign policy between 1950 and 1953 is true?

A) The United States pared back its defense budget from $60 billion to $13 billion.
B) The United States closed down many military bases around the world.
C) The United States began to pay some three-fourths of the cost of the French war against the Vietnamese independence movement.
D) The United States expanded trade with the Soviet Union and mainland China as a way of diminishing their aggressive tendencies.
E) The U.S. lost interest in such newly-independent Third World countries as Egypt, India, Pakistan, and the Philippines.

Question 56

In response to the 1948 Soviet blockade of West Berlin, the United States

A) used an airlift to re-supply West Berlin.
B) threatened to launch a preemptive nuclear war.
C) allowed West Berlin to become part of East Germany.
D) permitted the Soviet Union to participate in the government of West Berlin.
E) exchanged the right to West Berlin for access to Prague.

Question 57

The 1947 Marshall Plan provided funding after World War II to help the recovery and rebuilding of

A) the Soviet Union.
B) Eastern Europe.
C) Western Europe.
D) Southeast Asia.
E) Northern Africa.

Question 58

President Truman was especially motivated to promote civil-rights policies beginning in 1946 because

A) He believed African American participation in World War II earned them the full rights of citizenship.
B) He wanted to demonstrate to the world that the Soviet Union was far more racist than the U.S.
C) International criticism of racism in the U.S. undercut America's ability to espouse democracy abroad.
D) All of these choices
E) None of these choices

Question 59

Why did the Truman administration adopt a "get tough" policy concerning Poland in 1945-1946?

A) Truman worried that the American economy would be hurt by Soviet domination in Eastern Europe.
B) Democrats feared the domestic political repercussions of appearing to be abandoning Poland.
C) Truman advisers argued that American generosity or conciliation could lead to Soviet aggression.
D) Truman wanted to demonstrate that he was in command.
E) all of these choices

Question 60

Which of the following did not occur in the 1948 presidential election?

A) Southern segregationists bolted the Democratic party.
B) Leftwing Democrats joined with communists to launch a new Progressive Party.
C) Truman blasted the "no-good, do-nothing" Republicans as "gluttons of privilege." Pollsters predicted a Dewey victory.
D) Governor Thomas Dewey of New York defeated President Truman for reelection.
E) The radicalism of the Progressives and Dixiecrats kept most moderates safely in the Democratic fold.

Question 61

In 1951, the Supreme Court ruled in Dennis v. U.S. that

A) it was illegal to advocate the overthrow of the government.
B) Congress had the power to curtail freedom of speech if it concluded that national security demanded such restriction.
C) Congress had no right to restrict the purely political activities of any organization, regardless of the popularity of that organization's views.
D) publications that presented the Soviet Union in a positive light were endangering national security and could be shut down by the federal government.
E) communists had no right to jury trials.

Question 62

Which of the following was accomplished during Truman's presidency?

A) The armed forces were desegregated.
B) A national health-insurance system was started.
C) Labor unions were strengthened by government backing for the closed shop.
D) A federal anti-lynching law was enacted.
E) Communists were banned from government.

Question 63

What did the "New Look" defense program in the 1950s emphasize?

A) strengthening the army and navy but not the air force.
B) new methods of guerrilla warfare learned in Vietnam.
C) the importance of nuclear weapons.
D) the control and reduction of strategic weapons.
E) clandestine OSS operations.

Question 64

In the late 1940s and early 1950s, what did the House Un-American Activities Committee, Hollywood, and some thirty-nine state legislatures have in common?

A) They were all revealed to be riddled with communist spies and other subversives.
B) They all took vigorous stands against the witch hunting of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
C) They all participated in the crusade to clear Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg of charges that they passed secrets to the Soviets.
D) They all contributed to the anticommunist hysteria of the period and tried to root out subversives in American society.
E) none of these choices.

Question 65

What did Secretary of State John Foster Dulles believe?

A) He believed the United States had to open negotiations with the Soviet Union to reduce tensions.
B) He believed the United States needed to offer the Soviet Union concessions in order to improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
C) He believed the United States should pursue a strong anti-communist foreign policy.
D) He believed the United States should unilaterally offer to eliminate its nuclear weapons.
E) He believed the United States had to accelerate defense spending and to challenge the Soviet Union throughout the world.

Question 66

Which of the following is not a true statement about "new conservatives" in the early 1950s?

A) They stressed victory over communism instead of containment.
B) They sought a return to older moral standards.
C) They embraced Eisenhower's foreign policy.
D) They criticized Eisenhower for his increasing socialism.
E) They rejected the Supreme Court as far too liberal.

Question 67

President Eisenhower's greatest crisis in the Middle East began when Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser

A) nationalized the oil wells.
B) nationalized the foreign-owned Suez Canal.
C) seized the Aswan Dam.
D) declared his nation's independence from France.
E) invaded Israel.

Question 68

In the "Eisenhower Doctrine," Dwight Eisenhower declared the United States would send military aid and, if necessary, troops to help counter communist thrusts in

A) The Middle East.
B) Indochina.
C) Latin America.
D) Western Europe.
E) Southern Africa.

Question 69

Which of the following was not one of the reasons that the Republicans were victorious in the 1952 election?

A) Americans were tired of the stalemate in Korea.
B) Wage-and-price freezes had angered many Americans.
C) Truman's approval rating was 23 percent, the lowest ever recorded, tarnishing the Democratic party's chances.
D) Eisenhower's military stature and infectious smile won him many admirers.
E) Americans were comforted by the soothing moderation of Eisenhower's running mate, Richard Nixon.

Question 70

What did the release of Soviet documents in 1990s reveal about the Rosenberg case?

A) Both Julius and Ethel Rosenberg had passed classified U.S. information on to the Soviets.
B) The couple had been completely innocent of all charges and were executed unjustly.
C) Julius had been a spy, but Ethel was probably not.
D) The Rosenbergs led a massive spy ring within the U.S. government on behalf of the Soviets.
E) None of these choices

Question 71

When General Dwight Eisenhower received the Republican nomination for president in 1952, which wing of the party was he viewed as representing?

A) The moderate wing
B) The conservative wing
C) The hard-line wing
D) The southern wing
E) The left wing

Question 72

Which of the following is not a true statement about the response to Senator Joseph McCarthy's anticommunist crusades?

A) He had a large following among Midwestern Republicans, who saw anticommunism as a way to fight back against Democratic restrictions on business.
B) Blue collar workers embraced him as a true American.
C) Ethnic Catholics sided with McCarthy in the hopes of being accepted as 100 percent American.
D) Members of both parties were afraid of antagonizing McCarthy further.
E) All of these choices

Question 73

In 1948, Whittaker Chambers testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee that former State Department official Alger Hiss was

A) an anarchist.
B) a socialist.
C) a Nazi.
D) a communist.
E) a homosexual.

Question 74

What was the impact of the investigations conducted by the Federal Employee Loyalty Program between 1947 and 1952?

A) They uncovered evidence of massive subversion and espionage within the Departments of State and Defense.
B) They restricted their investigations to potential subversives in high-risk areas of government service.
C) They forced several thousand government employees to resign or withdraw their applications and resulted in the firing of more than 500 people on charges of disloyalty.
D) They restored to federal government employees a sense of calm and confidence that had been missing since the end of World War II.
E) They were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

Question 75

How did President Eisenhower respond to the aggression of England, France, and Israel against Egypt in 1956?

A) He commended their action and offering military assistance.
B) He threatened nuclear war if they did not withdraw from Egypt.
C) He condemned the attacks forced them to withdraw their troops.
D) He sent American ground troops to defend the Egyptian capital.
E) He offered military assistance to Nasser.

Question 76

Who were the Dixiecrats?

A) They were states' rights segregationists who hoped to deny Truman's re-election and preserve their "way of life."
B) They bolted the Democratic party and supported Thomas Dewey in the 1948 presidential election.
C) They formed the core of President Truman's support in the solid South during the 1948 election.
D) They were Northerners who moved to the south in the postwar years to build new industries and take advantage of cheap labor.
E) They were the leftwing Democrats who joined with communists to launch a new Progressive Party in 1948.

Question 77

Which of the following operations was the CIA not responsible for in the 1950s?

A) It helped return the deposed shah of Iran to power.
B) It intervened in elections in the Philippines to ensure a pro-American government.
C) It supported a coup in Guatemala and instituting a military dictatorship.
D) It intervened in East Germany and Hungary when the Soviet Union crushed popular insurrections.
E) It sponsored intellectual conferences and jazz concerts, subsidized magazines, and recruited college students.

Question 78

Who were the "Hollywood Ten"?

A) They were a group of prominent film directors and screenwriters who refused to testify about past political associations on the basis of their free speech rights.
B) They were the ten most popular film stars of the early 1950s.
C) They were the ten most powerful movie producers in Hollywood, who signed on to make anticommunist movies for the federal government.
D) They were Harry Truman's favorite movie comedians.
E) They were a group of prominent film directors and screenwriters who exposed communist infiltration in the major Hollywood studios.

Question 79

What brought about the end of McCarthy's red scare?

A) Eisenhower launched a vigorous public campaign to denounce the senator and his tactics.
B) The televised Army-McCarthy hearings gave the public a chance to see what a bully he was.
C) He died from alcoholism.
D) The House of Representatives voted to censure him.
E) All of these choices

Question 80

Which of the following was not one of the reasons that many Americans became concerned about the nation's security during the late 1940s?

A) The communist victory in China.
B) The Soviet development of a hydrogen bomb.
C) The discovery of a major spy network that had given American atomic secrets to the Soviets.
D) Hysteria about communist infiltrators.
E) Publicity over Congressional investigations into communist influence in American life.