Deck 11: Reversals and Disasters

Question 1

Which vessel was developed for the rough waters of the Atlantic?

A) Galley ship
B) Longship
C) Cog
D) Schooner
E) Galleon

Answer 1

Cog

Question 2

What city was the headquarters of the Hanseatic League?

A) Berlin
B) Lübeck
C) Danzig
D) Lvov
E) Heidelberg

Answer 2

Lübeck

Question 3

All of the following contributed to the growth of trade in the fourteenth century except ______________.

A) improvements in navigation
B) surplus agriculture for urban markets
C) refinements in merchants' contracts
D) new commercial techniques
E) improved record keeping

Answer 3

surplus agriculture for urban markets

Question 4

Who ran one of the most significant centers of trade on the Baltic?

A) Medici family
B) Dutch creditors
C) Florentine burghers
D) Hanseatic League
E) Flanders merchant's guild

Question 5

Believing that the plague represented punishment for sin brought down by God, many people ______________.

A) joined confraternities
B) dedicated themselves to monasteries
C) went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem
D) rejected the ways of city life and withdrew to hermetic isolation
E) insisted that only blood sacrifice could appease God

Question 6

The two major regions for trade were the ______________.

A) Baltic and Black Seas
B) Black and Mediterranean Seas
C) Baltic and Balkan coasts
D) Mediterranean and Baltic Seas
E) Mediterranean and African coasts

Question 7

The group who whipped themselves to atone for humanity's sins was known as the ______________.

A) Order of the Holy Martyrs
B) Confraternity of Milan
C) flagellants
D) Brothers of Suffering
E) confraternities

Question 8

When English kings lost land to France, they looked to which area to make up their losses?

A) Scotland
B) America
C) Spain
D) India
E) Poland

Question 9

What year did the Black Death spread in Europe?

A) 1337
B) 1347
C) 1357
D) 1367
E) 1377

Question 10

Who was the greatest landholder in France?

A) King Louis VII
B) King Henry II
C) Eleanor of Aquitaine
D) Geoffrey of Anjou
E) The Papacy

Question 11

What was Giovanni Boccaccio's most famous work?

A) The Canterbury Tales
B) The Decameron
C) The Divine Comedy
D) The Plague
E) The Dance of Death

Question 12

What was the most prominent cause for the famine in the early fourteenth century?

A) The Little Ice Age had a dramatic effect on climate and the length of the growing season.
B) The population explosion left little resources for the poor.
C) Plants brought in from trade with the East decimated the crop harvests in western Europe.
D) Massive flooding drowned the crops in the fields of France.
E) Piracy in the Mediterranean cut off food-supply ships.

Question 13

The area hardest hit by the plague was ______________.

A) Italy
B) France
C) Holy Roman Empire
D) England
E) Spain

Question 14

A common theme depicted in artwork, manuscripts, and statuary at this time was ______________.

A) pilgrims and pious individuals praying for relief
B) morality tales of who would suffer most due to their sins
C) the impermanence of life
D) the figure of Death
E) the inevitability of getting the plague

Question 15

The bubonic plague was spread by the bite of a ______________.

A) rat
B) dog
C) flea
D) victim
E) spider

Question 16

As a start to the Hundred Year's War, the French nobles refused to recognize whose claim to Guyenne?

A) Edward III
B) Queen Isabella
C) Charles IV
D) Philip VI
E) Edward the Black

Question 17

The Black Death originated in ______________.

A) Asia
B) Turkey
C) Russia
D) Constantinople
E) Italy

Question 18

Because they were targeted as responsible for the plague, many Jews left Europe and went to ______________.

A) Constantinople
B) Poland and Russia
C) Ireland
D) Iceland and Norway
E) America

Question 19

The wars between the English and French began for which reason(s)?

A) Imperial competition
B) Differing forms of Christianity
C) Dynastic challenges
D) Economic rivalry
E) Claims to the lost section of the Holy Roman Empire

Question 20

Approximately what percentage of the European population died in the Black Death?

A) 5 to 10 percent
B) 10 to 25 percent
C) 25 to 33 percent
D) 33 to 50 percent
E) More than 50 percent

Question 21

One of the reasons that the English supported the war more than the French was ______________.

A) a sense of outrage at France's tradition of Salic law
B) Edward III did not impose taxes to pay for war
C) the French wanted to cut ties between England and France
D) the English army was offering land to foot soldiers who served in France
E) Edward III held public pageants to celebrate victory

Question 22

During the English peasant revolts, the leaders Wat Tyler and John Ball resorted to all of the following except ______________.

A) burning the estates of unpopular nobility
B) interfering with tax collection
C) decapitating the archbishop of Canterbury
D) holding the crown prince for ransom
E) releasing all prisoners in Newgate Prison

Question 23

The unam sanctum argued that ______________.

A) the pope was infallible in his decisions
B) a pope in power could not be deposed for any reason
C) the Holy Roman emperor could veto the choice of the college of cardinals for the next pope
D) the pope had ultimate temporal and spiritual authority
E) there was only one authority within the church, that decreed by the pope

Question 24

The Great Schism occurred when ______________.

A) Pope Urban VI moved to Avignon to avoid expulsion from the church because of his corruption
B) Pope Clement V moved the papacy to Avignon at the behest of King Philip IV
C) French Catholics were upset that the pope was always Italian
D) the French pope and the Roman pope excommunicated each other in a showdown for power
E) Philip IV kidnapped Boniface and he died, and the next pope excluded France from the sacraments

Question 25

One of the significant weapons used at the Battle of Crécy by the British was the ______________.

A) crossbow
B) cannon
C) longbow
D) javelin
E) trebuchet

Question 26

The Ciompi rebellion was centered on ______________.

A) wool carders who were unhappy with exclusion from political life in Florence
B) guild members afraid to let lower classes into the city council
C) egalitarian politicos who wanted true democracy and representation in the Florentine government
D) peasant workers who were denied membership in the weavers' guild
E) None of these.

Question 27

The Jacquerie rebellion was thwarted when ______________.

A) Marcel took a commission from the dauphin and ended the violence in a peaceful truce
B) the merchants of Paris united with the army and defeated the Jacquerie peasants
C) a combined force of peasants and Parisians was defeated at Meaux
D) the French army used English longbows to wipe them out
E) a resurgence of the plague interrupted the fighting

Question 28

Peasant revolts in the fourteenth century were often based on their resentment over ______________.

A) agricultural quotas
B) conscription into the king's army
C) lack of response during the plague
D) increased taxation to pay for wars
E) lack of trade opportunities for peasants

Question 29

The first widespread revolt over taxation was ______________.

A) the Flanders rebellion
B) Wat Tyler's revolt
C) Ciompi rebellion
D) the Jacquerie
E) None of these.

Question 30

At the end of the Hundred Years' War, ______________.

A) Henry V rallied his troops for battle on Saint Crispin's Day and defeated the French once and for all
B) Joan of Arc led the French troops to victory at Rouen
C) Edward the Black Prince died and the war ended with no further claim against France
D) Charles VII made peace with the duchy of Burgundy and left England only holding Calais.
E) the pope interceded and declared a truce at the Treaty of Varennes

Question 31

All of the following were ways in which the Avignon Papacy raised revenue except ______________.

A) selling indulgences
B) charging for sacramental rites
C) rendering a decision in ecclesiastic disputes
D) settling annulments for nobles
E) waiving people's assignments to Purgatory

Question 32

All of the following were reasons for the laity's dissatisfaction with the church except ______________.

A) the opulence of the papacy
B) the emphasis on raising money
C) contested claims of higher authority than secular rulers
D) sought-after positions within the church which generated income
E) lack of secular participation in selecting a new pope

Question 33

Under the code of chivalry, a common soldier could expect what if he was captured in battle?

A) Conscription into the other side's army
B) Imprisonment
C) Death
D) Being held for ransom
E) Having to wait until a mutual exchange of prisoners of war occurred

Question 34

The system of rule in Florence was called the ______________.

A) Signoria
B) Council of Doges
C) Cartel
D) Consigliari
E) Strataria

Question 35

The peasant revolts in England were caused by ______________.

A) lack of representation in guilds
B) peasants in the countryside resisting the plundering of soldiers during the Hundred Years' War
C) peasants and reeves who protested excessive taxation by the government
D) peasants, merchants, and workers protesting against the rights of the nobility
E) soldiers protesting conscription into the army

Question 36

During the Great Schism, a third pope laid claim to power in which city?

A) Paris
B) Bologna
C) Florence
D) Pisa
E) Constantinople

Question 37

The mounted terrorists of the Hundred Years' War were called ______________.

A) janissaries
B) chevauchées
C) Knights Templar
D) Jacqueries
E) ciompi

Question 38

Deliberately inflicted violence and campaigns of terror were called ______________.

A) chariavari
B) chevauchées
C) chevaliers
D) trebouchets
E) chivalry

Question 39

The English initially succeeded in the Hundred Years' War with a victory at ______________.

A) Crécy
B) Poitiers
C) Calais
D) Agincourt
E) Rouen

Question 40

Positions in the church that provided good incomes were called ______________.

A) simony
B) benefices
C) tithes
D) first fruits
E) just law

Question 41

The Russian prince Alexander Nevsky ruled from ______________.

A) Moscow
B) Kiev
C) Crimea
D) Novgorod
E) Saint Petersburg

Question 42

Where did Mehmed II establish the capital of the Ottoman Empire?

A) Cordoba
B) Kiev
C) Moscow
D) Constantinople
E) Kosovo

Question 43

Compare and contrast the treatment Jews in Europe in the Middle Ages with the treatment of Jews in the Ottoman Empire.

Question 44

All of the following were established at the Council of Basel except ______________.

A) the principle of papal infallibility
B) canons set limits on the pope's finances
C) councils reserved the right to hear appeals against papal decisions
D) all seven sacraments were affirmed
E) official church doctrine held that the pope stands in relation to councils as the intellect relates to the soul

Question 45

Compare and contrast the French and English armies of the Hundred Years' War.

Question 46

How did peasant revolts in France and that of the Ciompi of Florence compare?

Question 47

Conciliarism argued that the pope ______________.

A) was dependent on church councils for authority
B) derived authority from the concept of papal infallibility
C) must have the approval of the Council of Constance
D) could be confirmed only by the college of cardinals
E) was answerable only to God

Question 48

Analyze the reasons and outcome of the Hundred Years' War, and what made it different from previous wars in Europe.

Question 49

What happened after Timur's victory?

A) The Ottoman Empire turned their attentions east to the Balkans.
B) The Ottoman Empire ceased to exist.
C) Constantinople was established as the Tartar capital.
D) Slavery was banned in the Ottoman Empire
E) Mehmed II was executed as retribution

Question 50

Janissaries were ______________.

A) mainly Christian boys
B) an elite group of Muslim soldiers
C) seized from conquered territories
D) forced to convert
E) All of these.

Question 51

What were the economic effects of the Black Death on western Europe?

Question 52

What natural events occurred around 1300 to change Europe's relationship to food?

Question 53

Lollards were the persecuted followers of ______________.

A) Catherine of Siena
B) Ignatius Loyola
C) Jan Hus
D) John Wycliffe
E) Meister Eckhart

Question 54

How did Joan of Arc's story reflect the larger upheavals of the Middle Ages?

Question 55

Which reformer's followers were protected despite the execution of their leader?

A) Catherine of Siena
B) John Wycliffe
C) Jan Hus
D) Wat Tyler
E) Joan of Arc

Question 56

Michael VIII Paleologus faced the threat of conquest from which of the following groups?

A) The Ottomans
B) The Slavs
C) The Normans
D) The Mongols
E) The Franks

Question 57

Batu controlled the ______________.

A) Golden Horde
B) Great Silk Road
C) Ottoman Empire
D) Holy Roman Empire
E) Jews of Christendom

Question 58

What upheavals resulted in the Avignon papacy?

Question 59

What role did the laity movements in Christianity play in the political upheavals of the late Middle Ages?

Question 60

How did the Ottoman Empire maintain a multiethnic society?

Question 61

The judges agreed to spare Joan of Arc's life if she would wear women's clothing.

Question 62

The Hanseatic League was a collection of Italian merchant guilds which controlled trade through Western Europe.

Question 63

John Wycliffe was a theologian at Oxford and founder of the Lollards.

Question 64

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
flagellants

Question 65

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Black Death

Question 66

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Edward III

Question 67

The Great Schism was characterized by three men claiming to be pope.

Question 68

One outcome of the Hundred Years' War was that at the end, people of France and England regarded the kings as symbols of their countries.

Question 69

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Little Ice Age

Question 70

Avignon Popes found extra income in selling prepaid forgiveness for sins called indulgences.

Question 71

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
confraternities

Question 72

The English Peasant Revolts led by Wat Tyler were successful in overturning excessive taxation by Richard II.

Question 73

Why was the participation of Joan of Arc on the French side of the Hundred Years' War unusual?

Question 74

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Hundred Years' War

Question 75

Alexander Nevsky led Russia's resistance to the Golden Horde.

Question 76

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Crécy

Question 77

Instructions: Please define the following key terms.
Hanseatic League

Question 78

By the middle of the fifteenth century, sultans had given up marrying and had children exclusively with slaves.

Question 79

What made the government of Florence in the fourteenth century unique?

Question 80

After 1482, Sephardim Jews were allowed to remain in Spain if they wore badges of identification in public.