Deck 12: Incarceration of Women

Question 1

Women account for roughly half of all arrests for serious crimes tabulated by the FBI's Uniform Crime Report.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Until 1970 most women inmates were housed in the same prisons and treated essentially the same as men.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The majority of correctional budgets goes to institutions for:​

A) ​women.
B) ​men.
C) ​mothers.
D) ​the mentally ill.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Vaginal examinations are frequently conducted by correctional officers to discover contraband.

Question 5

Women are generally more receptive and responsive to prison-based programs than their male counterparts.

Question 6

Female inmates tend to segregate themselves by race.

Question 7

Female offenders, much like males, adhere to a strict inmate code of behavior. ​

Question 8

When female inmates are sexually abused, their abuser is generally a corrections officer.

Question 9

According to the authors, in the correctional system women are known as the:​

A) ​fragile offenders.
B) ​minority offenders.
C) ​pink-collar offenders.
D) ​forgotten offenders.

Question 10

Approximately what percent of women released from incarceration have nowhere to go and must find a place to live?​

A) ​10 to 20 percent
B) ​60 to 70 percent
C) ​30 to 50 percent
D) ​80 to 90 percent

Question 11

There are now more than 100,000 female offenders incarcerated in our nation's prison system. ​

Question 12

Advocates of women's reformatories favored rural correctional institutions in areas away from the
unwholesome conditions of the city.

Question 13

When their mothers are in prison, most children are placed in foster care.

Question 14

Today, most women's prisons in the U.S. resemble college campuses in size and structure.

Question 15

The House of Shelter became the model for reformatory treatment for female prisons.

Question 16

Sarah Doremus and Abby Gibbons formed the Women's Prison Association in New York to improve living conditions for female offenders.

Question 17

Imprisoned mothers have difficulty maintaining contact with their children.

Question 18

In the early 1800s, reformers began to press for separate confinement facilities and programs for female offenders. ​

Question 19

Until 1870, most women inmates in the United States were housed in the same prisons and treated essentially the same as their male counterparts. ​

Question 20

Female offenders have traditionally received tougher sentences than men for similar offenses. ​

Question 21

Prison-based programs designed for women often include which of the following?​

A) construction
B) ​maintenance
C) ​food service
D) ​firefighting

Question 22

Traditionally, women have received treatment from judges.

A) ​chivalrous
B) ​discriminatory
C) ​equal
D) ​neglectful

Question 23

Generally, women's prisons lack vocational and educational programs, and also:​

A) ​nutritional services.
B) ​recreational services.
C) ​medical services.
D) ​all of these

Question 24

Prior to the reform movement in the 1800s, women in Europe and the United States were:​

A) ​segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons.
B) ​segregated in prisons but not jails.
C) ​not given corporal punishment as men were.
D) ​housed with men and other prisoners and treated as they were.

Question 25

In comparison to men's facilities, women's prisons have:​

A) ​more available programming.
B) ​more varied programming.
C) ​similar programming.
D) ​less programming.

Question 26

The differences between male and female prison subcultures have been attributed to the nurturing,
Qualities of women.

A) ​educational
B) ​vocational
C) ​psychological
D) ​maternal

Question 27

The growth rate in the number of incarcerated women:​

A) ​is well below that of men.
B) ​remains steady.
C) ​exceeds that of men.
D) ​has not been calculated.

Question 28

In 1844, the was created with the goal of improving the treatment of female prisoners and separating them from male prisoners.

A) ​Women's Improvement Organization
B) ​Women's Benevolence Association
C) ​Women's Prison Association
D) ​Women's Prisoner Improvement Society

Question 29

The justification for the lack of diverse educational, vocational, and other programs for incarcerated women is that:​

A) ​there is not enough money to go around.
B) ​women's sentences are generally short.
C) ​they do not have the educational background necessary.
D) ​there is a relatively small number of women in prison and jail.

Question 30

Until 1870 women inmates in the United States were generally treated:​

A) ​with dignity .
B) ​less harshly than men
C) ​the same as men.
D) ​more harshly than men.

Question 31

What case was instrumental in ensuring that women's prisons had programs comparable to those of male prisons?​

A) ​Bell v. Wolfish
B) ​Terry v. Ohio
C) ​Glover v. Johnson
D) ​Morressey v. Brewer

Question 32

Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of:​

A) ​diverse programming.
B) ​sexual misconduct by female officers.
C) ​sexual misconduct by male officers.
D) ​violence.

Question 33

Approximately of female inmates are currently incarcerated for violent offenses.

A) ​1/3
B) 3/4
C) ​1/2
D) ​1/5

Question 34

Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844 to 1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and:​

A) ​was able to achieve limited success.
B) ​was met with resistance from the community.
C) ​was largely ignored by the community.
D) ​was thwarted by male overseers and legislators.

Question 35

Which of the following was a Quaker and the first to press for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children?​

A) ​Elizabeth Heffernan
B) ​Elizabeth Fry
C) ​Elizabeth Glaser
D) ​Elizabeth Franklin

Question 36

Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates?​

A) ​They relieve the tensions of prison life.
B) ​They assist in the socialization of the new inmate.
C) ​They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules.
D) ​all of these

Question 37

Social relationships in women's prisons appear:​

A) ​more violent than in male prisons.
B) ​more voluntary than in male prisons.
C) ​more coerced than in male prisons.
D) ​none of these

Question 38

When compared to men, the offenses women commit are usually:​

A) ​more violent.
B) ​more self-destructive.
C) ​less serious.
D) ​less expensive.

Question 39

The design of most women's prisons is the:​

A) ​telephone-pole design.
B) ​radial design.
C) ​tier design.
D) ​campus design.

Question 40

The increase in the number of women in prison has:​

A) ​had little impact on how facilities are run.
B) ​disturbed the public.
C) ​significantly affected the delivery of programs.
D) ​concerned politicians

Question 41

In 1927, the first female federal prison opened in: ​

A) ​Elmira, NY.
B) ​Paducah, KY.
C) ​Brookville, PA.
D) ​Alderson, WV.

Question 42

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Financially poor​

Question 43

Women's prisons are located generally farther from and .

Question 44

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
The reformatory​

Question 45

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Drug offenses​

Question 46

___________________ refers to any behavior that is sexual in nature and that is directed toward an inmate, employee, official visitor, or agency representative.

A) ​Sexual misconduct
B) ​Sexual assault
C) ​Sexual compliance
D) ​Sexual coercion

Question 47

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Nature of offenses​

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT one of most important issues facing women who have completed their prison sentence and are about to be released back to their communities? ​

A) ​lack of family support
B) ​lost custody of children
C) ​no housing
D) ​substance abuse histories

Question 49

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Zebulon Brockway

Question 50

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Community corrections​

Question 51

The Human Rights Watch report noted that the majority of correctional officers in women's prison are
.

Question 52

When compared to their male offenders, female prisoners typically have ___________ prior convictions before their current sentence. ​

A) more
B) ​equal amount of
C) ​fewer
D) ​no

Question 53

Elizabeth Fry was instrumental in the women's prison movement and advocated for which of the following?​

A) ​useful employment of prisoners
B) ​separation of sexes
C) ​classification systems for inmates
D) ​all of these

Question 54

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Mary B. Harris​

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT one of the four main issues found within female prisons?​

A) ​medical services
B) ​suicide rates
C) ​sexual misconduct
D) ​educational and vocational programming

Question 56

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Stable housing​

Question 57

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Pseudofamilies​

Question 58

The ____________ movement advocated for separation for women prisoners from men, differential care, and female staff. ​

Question 59

When women are released to the community, many must deal with which of the following?​

A) ​being poor
B) ​regaining custody of children
C) ​drug addiction
D) all of these

Question 60

Match each item to the phrase or sentence listed below.
a.Advocated for separation of sexes while incarcerated
b.Rise of programs in which youngsters could live with their mothers in halfway houses
c.First female prison warden
d.Required for women to regain custody of children
e.Homosexual marriage and kinship
f.First warden of Elmira Reformatory for young men
g.Challenge for women upon release from prison
h.Account for the great increase of women in prison
i.What most distinguishes incarcerated women from incarcerated men
j.Separate treatment-oriented prisons
Elizabeth G. Fry​

Question 61

A major difference between male and female prison subcultures is _____________ _______________.

Question 62

The arrest rates for women have increased more than those for men over the past decade, especially for __________ and larceny. ​

Question 63

Incarcerated women account for approximately percent of the federal and state prison population.

Question 64

Women make up a proportion of the prison population.

Question 65

The first independent female-run prison was established in the state of .

Question 66

was the first person to advocate for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children.

Question 67

Effective programming begins with effective ______________ in terms of housing assignments, therapeutic approaches, and educational and vocational opportunities. ​

Question 68

Identify and explain at least three distinct problems or challenges women face upon release from prison. Discuss how each of these distinct issues affects women's ability to succeed on the outside. What if anything is the corrections system doing to address these problems?

Question 69

There has been an apparent rise in the number of women arrested for certain offenses. Please list and explain these particular offenses and the impact they have had on the female correctional population. Finally, how has the corrections system responded to this growth and do you agree with their response strategy?​

Question 70

Discuss the distinct issues facing imprisoned mothers and their children. Why is this issue of importance? Describe the types of programming that exist for incarcerated mothers. Discuss problems and issues associated with the programs you have identified. What do you think the system should do for incarcerated mothers and their children?​

Question 71

________________ offenses seem to be the number one contributor to the great increase of women in prison.

Question 72

To deal with the growing problem of sexual abuse in prisons, many states have enacted ___________ that prohibit sexual relations with correctional clients. ​

Question 73

It is argued that the small number of women incarcerated justifies the lack of , vocational, and other programs.

Question 74

Starting in the 1870s, the ______________________ movement took hold as reformers sought to create separate "feminine" institutions for female offenders to isolate them from the unwholesome conditions of the city.

Question 75

Most modern female prisons in the United States today were designed to resemble a _________________.

Question 76

In recent years, women who were sexually harassed or assaulted have brought ____________ lawsuits against correctional institutions/officials.

Question 77

Female inmates traditionally receive sentences than men for similar offenses.

Question 78

Women are often referred to as "the forgotten offenders." Discuss how they've come to receive this title. In what ways are they forgotten? Describe the way that sexism has impacted the experiences of women offenders.