Deck 10: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Which component of a treatment plan has been encouraging in helping with anorexia nervosa?

A) psychodynamic therapy
B) dietary training
C) family therapy
D) inpatient treatment

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Emily has the purging type of bulimia nervosa. She is likely to engage regularly in which of the following?

A) fasting
B) vomiting
C) denies her thinness
D) expresses fear of obesity

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Irene eats large quantities of high-calorie foods at least three times a week when she is alone or nervous. After binging, she induces vomiting. She is constantly concerned about her appearance, although she is of normal weight. An appropriate diagnosis for Irene is ____.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) overanxious disorder
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge-eating disorder

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which statement about anorexia nervosa is accurate ?

A) Despite having a skeleton-like appearance, most anorexics still consider themselves to be overweight.
B) Anorexics who continually fast tend to be outgoing individuals.
C) Although anorexics are phobic about gaining weight, they often maintain weight at normal or above-normal levels.
D) Although self-starvation changes the anorexic's appearance, there are no serious physical complications to the disorder.

Question 5

Which of the following is most likely to result in eating problems?

A) media attention on healthy eating
B) autonomy
C) self-determination
D) low self-esteem

Question 6

Nearly ____ percent of adolescent females and ____ percent of adolescent males report dieting to control their weight.

A) 20; 10
B) 20; 20
C) 50; 20
D) 90; 50

Question 7

A twelve-year study by Sui and colleagues (2007) determined that being ____ is the critical factor for long life.

A) physically fit
B) of normal weight
C) psychologically fit
D) slightly underweight

Question 8

Which woman is least likely to have an eating disorder?

A) Pilar, a German American
B) Therese, an Italian American
C) Betty, a European American
D) Latisha, an African American

Question 9

In a study of perceptions about men's body shape in Germany, France, and the United States, ____.

A) men and women both agreed that women prefer men to have a muscular body
B) men believed that women prefer a lean body, but women indicated they prefer muscular men
C) men and women both agreed that women prefer men to have a lean body
D) men believed women prefer men who have muscular bodies, while women stated a preference for an ordinary male body

Question 10

An associated characteristic linked to anorexia nervosa is ____.

A) personality disorders
B) learning disorders
C) factitious disorders
D) posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 11

Compared to anorexia nervosa, bulimia ____.

A) is much easier to diagnose on the basis of appearance
B) is much more prevalent
C) has little to do with self-control
D) is unrelated to body size concern or weight

Question 12

"Yo-yo" dieting has been found to be related to which of the following?

A) long-term weight loss
B) difficulties with posttraumatic stress
C) chronic headaches
D) altered immune functioning

Question 13

A psychologist is in an evaluation with a woman who has an eating disorder, restricting type. Which symptom would be typical of this subtype?

A) self-induced vomiting
B) extreme exercising
C) use of laxatives
D) taking diuretics

Question 14

There are two subgroups of anorexia. They are ____.

A) anorexia and anorexia nervosa
B) binge-eating/purging and restricting
C) binge-eating/purging and binge-eating alone
D) anxious and depressive

Question 15

What is the paradox of eating disorders?

A) Anorexia is more likely to occur in countries where malnutrition is prevalent.
B) The increasing emphasis on thinness in the United States is occurring as the population is becoming heavier.
C) As the popularity of healthy clubs is increasing in the United States, eating disorders are becoming more prevalent.
D) In the past decade, male prevalence rates of obesity have come to surpass female rates of obesity.

Question 16

Kimberly is in a treatment program for eating disorders. She is more introverted than many of the other girls in the program and denies that she is hungry or has any psychological distress. Kimberly has ____.

A) restricting anorexia
B) binge-eating/purging anorexia
C) bulimia nervosa
D) binge eating disorder

Question 17

Yoriko, a 17-year-old girl, is so fearful of gaining weight that she starves herself. She has missed five consecutive menstrual cycles. Although she correctly sees herself as having a skeletal figure, she does not think she has an eating disorder. Yoriko is diagnosed with anorexia. What is unusual about this case?

A) It is unusual for an anorexic to deny having an eating disorder.
B) It is unusual for a 17-year-old girl to have anorexia.
C) It is unusual for an anorexic to miss five menstrual cycles.
D) It is unusual for an anorexic to have an accurate body image.

Question 18

A common disorder that often accompanies anorexia nervosa is ____.

A) bipolar disorder
B) schizophrenia
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) paranoid personality disorder

Question 19

Anorexia nervosa is defined by which of the following?

A) a binge-purge cycle
B) an individual of normal or slightly above normal weight
C) a distorted self-perception of body image
D) a sense of loss of control over eating combined with purging

Question 20

Anna worries that even touching a sandwich would cause her to gain weight. This behavior is most characteristic of which disorder?

A) major depression
B) obsessive-compulsive
C) bipolar disorder
D) schizophrenia

Question 21

Which of the following is generally a comorbid condition with bulimia nervosa?

A) schizoaffective disorder
B) panic attack
C) posttraumatic stress disorder
D) mood disorders

Question 22

A new psychologist is working in a clinic that deals with eating disorders. Which group would be content with a larger amount of body fat?

A) lesbian females
B) heterosexual females
C) gay males
D) heterosexual males

Question 23

Belle has bulimia and Amanda has anorexia. Outcome studies suggest that ____.

A) Belle would probably have a more positive prognosis than Amanda
B) Amanda would probably have a more positive prognosis than Belle
C) Both would have a relatively poor prognosis
D) bulimia has a close to 100 percent recovery rate

Question 24

The DSM-5 does not recognize ____ as an eating disorder despite its devastating medical and psychological consequences.

A) anorexia nervosa
B) obesity
C) bulimia nervosa
D) eating disorders not otherwise specified

Question 25

For the past three months, Bess has eaten large quantities of high-calorie foods a couple of times a week. What other symptoms must she show to be diagnosed with bulimia?

A) negative body image and compensatory actions after eating
B) none, because binge eating is the critical symptom of bulimia
C) the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles
D) self-starvation

Question 26

What is one documented difference between African American and European American women with binge-eating disorder?

A) African American women are more likely to show symptoms of psychiatric distress.
B) African American women are more likely to be obese.
C) African American women appear to have greater concerns about their weight.
D) African American women are more likely to have been treated for eating problems.

Question 27

Disturbed eating patterns in "eating conditions not elsewhere classified" includes which characteristic behavior?

A) excessive exercising
B) binge eating late at night
C) high degree of social interaction
D) overly positive self-image

Question 28

Who would diagnostically fit the DSM-5 category of "eating conditions not elsewhere classified"?

A) Bernadette, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and is over 25 lbs underweight
B) Claudia, who engages in binge eating and compensatory activities less than once per week
C) Darlene, who engages in binge-eating and purging more than once per week
D) Allegra, who meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa and does not have regular menses

Question 29

In a lecture on eating disorders, Professor Lublin noted that binge-eating has been classified as disorder characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time and accompanied by feelings of paranoia, but like bulimia, the episodes are generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting. Which of Professor Lublin's statements in accurate ?

A) Binge-eating has been classified as an Axis I disorder.
B) Binge-eating is characterized by consumption of large amounts of food over a short period of time.
C) Binge-eating is generally followed by use of compensatory behaviors like vomiting or fasting.
D) Binge-eating is characterized by feelings of paranoia.

Question 30

A 2007 APA Task Force study found that television, music videos, lyrics, magazines, and advertising ____ women.

A) socialize
B) demonize
C) sexualize
D) devalue

Question 31

A bulimic woman is more likely than those in a nonclinical sample to give which type of response to life stressors?

A) "Food was the first thing I loved that loved me back."
B) "I need to outline my priorities."
C) "I guess I need to think about how I can solve this problem."
D) "This approach didn't work, so I'll have to come up with another one."

Question 32

Kobe is concerned about his younger brother taking anabolic steroids. As he researches this potentially fatal problem, he will find that ____ percent of boys between the ages of 15 and 18 have taken these drugs to gain more muscle mass.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 8
D) 10

Question 33

What is one way in which bulimia nervosa is similar to binge-eating disorder?

A) engaging in compensatory behaviors after eating
B) being secretive about eating
C) being generally overweight in either case
D) having an intense fear of becoming obese

Question 34

What comorbid feature is associated with binge-eating disorder?

A) bipolar disorder
B) major depressive disorder
C) posttraumatic stress disorder
D) panic attack

Question 35

What is one reason that most adolescent girls give for dieting and concern over their bodies?

A) their health
B) criticisms by family members
C) self-esteem
D) physical fitness

Question 36

A common complication of bulimia nervosa is ____.

A) stomach cancer
B) erosion of tooth enamel
C) excessive hydration
D) muscle atrophy

Question 37

Sarah has the nonpurging type of bulimia. Sonia has the restricting type of anorexia. Which of the following is likely?

A) They are both aware that their eating patterns are not normal.
B) Sarah uses fasting as a way to control her weight but Sonia does not.
C) They both are overly concerned with their weight.
D) Sarah is at risk for comorbid mental disorders but Sonia is not.

Question 38

Which woman has the best prognosis for recovery from binge eating disorder?

A) Andrea, who is being treated with medication
B) Bridgette, who is being treated with surgery
C) Carla, who is being treated with gastric banding
D) Darlene, who is being treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 39

The person with bulimia nervosa is at risk of ____.

A) loss of sleep
B) personality disorders
C) suicide
D) obesity

Question 40

Approximately what percentage of women in weight-control programs have binge-eating disorder?

A) 5-10 percent
B) 20-40 percent
C) 50-65 percent
D) 70-80 percent

Question 41

What may combine with maladaptive perfection and body dissatisfaction to create an even greater risk for an eating disorder?

A) perceived inadequacies in social relationships
B) an interest in eating healthy
C) short-term anxiety to an external stressor
D) lack of sleep

Question 42

Fijian girls who had developed eating disorders reported that their beliefs about ideal body image were influenced by ____.

A) television
B) magazines
C) interacting with Western tourists
D) school

Question 43

Socialization agents, such as peers, family members, and the media, help create ____.

A) externalized notions of "thin is in" or "you can never be too rich or too thin"
B) internalization of the thin ideal body image
C) externalization of one's inner insecurities
D) internalization of family values

Question 44

Jane and Jan have been best friends since they were four years old. Even though both women have married and are raising families, and Jane has moved 2000 miles away, they remain best friends. Research by Christakis and Fowler (2007) suggests that if Jane becomes obese, ____.

A) Jan will try to help her lose weight
B) Jan will actually lose weight
C) there is a 171% chance that Jan, too, will become obese
D) there will, at most, a one percent effect on Jan's weight

Question 45

It is believed that the societal emphasis on thinness as being attractive ____.

A) may contribute to the increasing incidence of eating disorders
B) has not been supported as a cause of eating disorders
C) is a sufficient explanation of eating disorders
D) is only mildly related to eating disorders

Question 46

What characteristic has been identified as a risk factor and may interact with body dissatisfaction to predict eating disorders?

A) maladaptive perfectionism
B) dieting
C) self-evaluation
D) depression

Question 47

Nancy has anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type. What is one complication from purging?

A) bone loss
B) irregular heart rate
C) low blood pressure
D) enlarged salivary glands

Question 48

Which woman is the least likely to exhibit an eating disorder?

A) Mei Li, who lives in Saipan
B) Shoshana, who lives in Israel
C) Candice, who lives in Canada
D) Delores, who lives in the United States

Question 49

When assessing male and female perceptions of their bodies, research by Arcelus et al. (2013) found that ____.

A) males were more likely than females to express dissatisfaction with their bodies
B) females were more likely than males to express dissatisfaction with their bodies
C) among both males and females, those with low self-esteem were at higher risk for eating disorders
D) females perceived their bodies as larger than they would prefer, but smaller than what men would prefer

Question 50

Research by Powell, Calvin, and Calvin (2007) found that the most effective long-term method for treating obesity and sustaining weight loss is ____.

A) dieting
B) lifestyle interventions
C) drug treatments
D) surgery

Question 51

Body dissatisfaction, the discrepancy between one's perceived versus desired body weight or shape, is a(n) ____ in the development of eating disorders.

A) robust risk factor
B) insignificant risk factor
C) mild risk factor
D) moderate risk factor

Question 52

Rates of obesity are higher among members of which social class?

A) upper
B) middle
C) lower
D) There is no difference in rates of obesity based on social class.

Question 53

Who would be most likely to express the most concern over body size and appearance and most likely to exhibit disturbed eating patterns?

A) Jim, a gay male
B) Dan, a straight male
C) Danielle, a lesbian female
D) Eldon, a heterosexual male

Question 54

A woman in a lower socioeconomic neighborhood argued that the neighborhood was designed to make her fat. What would support this?

A) Poorer neighborhoods do not have places where you can walk.
B) Poorer neighborhoods have little to do but eat.
C) Poorer neighborhoods are less concerned with eating healthy.
D) Poorer neighborhoods have fewer options for purchasing healthy foods.

Question 55

Vincent and McCabe (2000) found that teasing and criticism about body weight or shape by family members predicts ____.

A) body dysmorphic disorder
B) dieting and eating problems
C) maladaptive perfectionism
D) depression

Question 56

In a study with high school and college females, participants were asked to examine and pick out potentially harmful female stereotypes. They indicated which stereotype as being potentially harmful?

A) portraying women as ultra-thin models
B) portraying women as helpless or dumb
C) portraying women as overweight
D) portraying women relaxing

Question 57

The lif etime prevalence of anorexia nervosa is ____.

A) 0.5 to 0.9 percent
B) 1.0 to 1.5 percent
C) 1.0 to 2.0 percent
D) 2.0 to 3.5 percent

Question 58

Recent research by Neighbors and Sobal (2007) suggests that ____ may be the most responsive to messages regarding thinness.

A) overweight women
B) underweight women
C) women who are normal weight
D) overweight men

Question 59

Marlin is told that he has many protective variables that help him avoid the impact of media on body image. Which of these protective factors would be considered personality variables?

A) His strong social support
B) His strong social bonds
C) His self-determination and autonomy
D) His ability to view attractiveness as only one of many important qualities

Question 60

Approximately ____ percent of individuals who are treated in eating disorder programs suffer from eating conditions not elsewhere classified.

A) 5 to 20
B) 15 to 35
C) 25 to 45
D) 40 to 60

Question 61

Research exploring the relationship between genetics and eating disorders suggests that ____.

A) there is a strong genetic link for eating disorders
B) there is a strong genetic link for anorexia and bulimia, but not for other eating disorders
C) there is only a weak link between genetics and eating disorders
D) although there is strong support for a connection between genetic and biological factors with eating disorders, more research is needed to determine the relationship

Question 62

Vanessa has anorexia. It is likely that she shows which trait?

A) perfectionism
B) rebelliousness
C) lack of control
D) helplessness

Question 63

Karen is dangerously thin and has been admitted to the hospital because of her anorexic condition. The initial goal of treatment will be to ____.

A) help her understand that she is in danger of killing herself
B) restore weight
C) begin family therapy sessions
D) involve her in a group program with other anorexic girls

Question 64

What did Strober et al. (2000) find with respect to first-degree relatives of patients with anorexia and bulimia?

A) Relatives of those with anorexia were likely to have anorexia, but not bulimia.
B) Relatives of those with bulimia were likely to have bulimia, but not anorexia.
C) Relatives of those with anorexia or bulimia were as likely to have either eating disorder.
D) There seemed to be no clear relationship between prevalence of these disorders among relatives.

Question 65

The psychologists who are administering the support group that Calista attends are doing research to look at psychological traits for men and women in the disordered eating group. These psychologists are most likely to find ____.

A) no consistent psychological traits
B) evidence of negative affect
C) high rates of identity disorders
D) high rates of anxiety disorders

Question 66

Which girl is most likely to be dieting?

A) Shawna, a European American
B) Lashawna, an African American
C) Selena, a Hispanic American
D) Varana, a Pakistani American

Question 67

Jacquee is an African American woman. Unlike the typical European American woman, she is likely to ____.

A) feel that being underweight is better than being overweight
B) describe herself as being too fat and old
C) equate thinness with beauty and success
D) be satisfied with her weight and body size

Question 68

A group-based intervent ion program described by Chapman et al. (2010), and Richardson and Paxton (2010) for adolescent girls at risk for eating problems involved which goal?

A) Learning the appropriate ways to diet
B) Learning to develop a neutral attitude toward their bodies
C) Increasing their comfort in expressing their feelings to others
D) Increasing compensatory skills

Question 69

Lam et al. (2010) found that rates of ____ in Hong Kong were similar to those in Western countries.

A) sexual abuse
B) major depression
C) fat-phobic patterns
D) cultural value judgments

Question 70

In comparing African American women with white American women, which statement is accurate ?

A) Fewer African American women tend to be satisfied with their body size, weight, and appearance than are white women.
B) Fewer African American women than white American women appear to have bulimia.
C) Fewer African American women than white American women appear to have binge-eating disorder.
D) African American women are more concerned about weight.

Question 71

Which statement is accurate when comparing African American females with white American females?

A) Both African American women and white American women believe that beauty is fleeting and decreases with age.
B) Both African American women and white American women believe that it is better to be a little overweight than underweight.
C) African American women perceive themselves to be thinner than they actually are, whereas white American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are.
D) 40 percent of African American females, compared with 50 percent of white American females, are satisfied with their current weight or body shape.

Question 72

Which statement concerning the relationship between eating disorders and sexual abuse is accurate ?

A) There is no relationship between sexual abuse and eating disorders.
B) There is a direct link between sexual abuse and eating disorders.
C) Sexual abuse leads to eating disorders.
D) Sexual abuse may be indirectly related to eating disorders.

Question 73

A process of ____ occurs in which women or men and girls or boys begin to evaluate themselves according to external standards.

A) social comparison
B) maladaptive perfectionism
C) self-evaluation
D) dieting

Question 74

Research indicates that in order for any treatment for eating disorders to be effective, it's necessary to acknowledge ____.

A) underlying psychological issues
B) family dynamics
C) hereditary factors
D) available social support

Question 75

A clinical psychologist treating a woman with obesity says, "Obesity is associated with depressed mood, although we are not clear whether depression is the cause or the effect. What is clear is that sexual abuse is a causal factor in obesity." Research indicates that these remarks are ____.

A) entirely false. Research fails to support either assertion.
B) partially true. Research rejects the association with depression but supports the idea that sexual abuse causes obesity.
C) partially true. Research supports the association with depression but rejects the idea that sexual abuse causes obesity.
D) entirely true. Research supports both assertions.

Question 76

Bergstrom and Neighbors (2006) found that people who binge eat most often do so for which reason?

A) They like the taste of the food.
B) They feel hungry all of the time.
C) They feel compelled to keep eating without thought.
D) They use food to counteract depression.

Question 77

Which female is most likely to have an eating disorder?

A) Maciel, an Australian
B) Belinda, a Columbian
C) Audrey, an Asian
D) Doreen, a Bolivian

Question 78

Which characteristic is typical of both males and females with eating disorders?

A) aggressiveness
B) low self-esteem
C) autonomy
D) self-determination

Question 79

Which statement is suggested by research comparing African American women and white women?

A) Because African American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are, they do not believe it is important to change their normal eating patterns.
B) Media messages equating thinness with beauty have less impact on African American women.
C) African American women are less likely than white women to have anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder.
D) Because African American women have nonassertive roles in relationships and in the community, they are more influenced than white women by gender-restrictive messages.

Question 80

____ appears to provide individuals with eating disorders some satisfaction in dealing with stress.

A) The element of control
B) Dieting
C) Relaxation
D) Passivity