Deck 16: Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Question 1

Professor Waddell's class discusses the controversy of medicating children. Professor Waddell says, "The controversy continues about the 'quick fix' nature of the medication prescribed to children and the tendency to use medication without first attempting psychotherapy or home/academic interventions. Another part of the controversy is the need to test the medications prescribed for youths on youths. Additionally, parents are concerned about the legislation that requires schools to recommend that their children be evaluated for ADHD. Because of this controversy, medication prescriptions for children and adolescents have dramatically decreased." With respect to Professor Waddell's statement, it is correct to say that a controversy exists concerning ____.

A) the 'quick fix' nature of the medication and prescribed to children and the tendency to use medication without first attempting psychotherapy or home/academic interventions
B) legislation that requires schools to recommend that their children be evaluated for ADHD
C) the need to test the medications prescribed for youths on youths
D) medication prescriptions for children and adolescents have dramatically decreased

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which disorder is characterized by the DSM-5 as qualitative impairment in social interaction and/or communication; restricted, stereotyped interests and activities; and delays or abnormal functioning in a major area before the age of three?

A) intellectual disability
B) autism spectrum disorder
C) amnestic dissociative disorder
D) learning disorder

Answer 2

B

Question 3

It is rare for children with autism spectrum disorder to ____.

A) become obsessive about keeping things the same
B) exhibit self-stimulatory behaviors
C) become fascinated with inanimate objects
D) make eye contact with others

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which statement about psychopathology among children and adolescents in the United States is accurate ?

A) Approximately 22 percent of the children in the United States suffer from a serious emotional or behavioral problem
B) About two percent of children have serious emotional or behavioral problems, and three-quarters of those children receive treatment.
C) Nearly one-third of all children and adolescents have a serious emotional or behavioral problem.
D) Although there are 63 million children with behavioral problems, most of them receive treatment.

Question 5

Ricky sits in his bed and rocks back and forth for hours while staring off into space. In order to reduce this self-stimulating behavior, a therapist would likely use ____.

A) pivotal response treatment
B) antidepressants
C) cognitive therapy
D) psychodynamic therapy

Question 6

Jason's mother claims that he can multiply large numbers in his head. She says he can figure out, for example, what day of the week it was on February 2, 1846. However, Jason was tested for intelligence and his IQ scored was below 70. What is a reasonable response to Jason's mother?

A) "Your son sounds as if he is an autistic child with splinter skills."
B) "What you say he can do is not possible; you must be mistaken."
C) "Your son is demonstrating two common symptoms of autism-echolalia and stimulus over-selectivity."
D) "The testing must have been mistaken; your son is probably an emotionally healthy genius."

Question 7

Which disorder does not fit with the others?

A) tic disorder
B) autism spectrum disorder
C) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D) childhood disintegrative disorder

Question 8

A child with autism spectrum disorder is observed interacting with his parents in a room full of toys. We are likely to see the child ____.

A) aggressively use the toys, destroying some of them
B) cling to the parents and refuse to play with the toys
C) prefer interaction with the father rather than the mother or the toys
D) make no eye contact with the parents while he plays

Question 9

Professor Kiley was contrasting childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders with adult disorders. Which of his statements is accurate?

A) Understanding the parallels between childhood and adolescent disorders and adult disorders helps reduce the complexity of making a diagnosis.
B) Diagnosing children and adolescents is similar to diagnosing adults because behaviors observed in adulthood disorders are abnormal for children.
C) Diagnosing children and adolescents is similar to diagnosing adults because there are similarities of symptoms presentation between childhood and adulthood.
D) Accurate diagnosis and treatment requires a thorough understanding of normal child development as well as the risk factors and symptoms of childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders.

Question 10

When a child has a disorder that involves impaired development of the brain and central nervous system as well as affects psychological functioning in areas of social interaction, communication skills, and display of stereotyped interests and behaviors, the disorder is called a ____.

A) form of childhood schizophrenia
B) learning disability
C) neurodevelopmental disorder
D) personality disorder

Question 11

Tyrel was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and has an IQ below 70. Despite this, he can remember the name of every all-star baseball player for the past 30 years and can tell which day of the week December 3, 1908, fell on. Tyrel's behavior illustrates ____.

A) superior short-term memory skills
B) neurological impairments
C) the term autistic savant
D) echolalia

Question 12

The prognosis for children with autism spectrum disorder ____.

A) is generally encouraging
B) suggests that impairments get progressively more severe until the autistic adult has few remaining capabilities
C) is mixed; most children diagnosed with autism require support throughout their lifetime and those with milder symptoms may be self-sufficient and function reasonably well as adults
D) is uniformly poor

Question 13

Charles was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. He is extremely unresponsive to adults and does not speak. He first showed these abnormalities around the age of six. What aspect of Charles's case is unusual for autistic disorder?

A) It is unusual for a person with autistic disorder to show abnormalities first at age 6.
B) It is unusual for a person with autistic disorder to be male.
C) It is unusual for a person with autistic disorder to be unresponsive to adults.
D) It is unusual for a person with autistic disorder not to speak.

Question 14

The term infantile autism comes from the Greek autos . This reflects which key characteristic of people with the disorder?

A) selfishness and guiltlessness
B) automatic quality of thinking
C) robot-like movements
D) profound aloneness and detachment

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the behaviors described by Kanner as an essential feature of autism?

A) a severe inability to focus attention
B) extreme isolation and an inability to relate to other people
C) a psychological need for sameness
D) significant difficulties with communication

Question 16

Oscar is diagnosed as having autism spectrum disorder. When his mother says, "Here's your cereal," Oscar says, "Here's your cereal." What symptom does this illustrate?

A) splinter skills
B) differential reinforcement
C) echolalia
D) corporalia

Question 17

A news reporter defines neurodevelopmental disorder as "relatively mild childhood disorders that affect social interactions and communication skills. These disorders involve hallucinations or delusions but involve behavioral abnormalities that are not normally seen in any developmental stage." What portion of this statement is accurate ?

A) It is accurate to say that these disorders are relatively mild.
B) It is accurate to say that these disorders involve hallucinations or delusions.
C) It is accurate to say that these disorders affect social interactions and communication skills.
D) It is accurate to say that these disorders involve abnormalities that are expressed in early adulthood.

Question 18

Wesley is eight and has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. His symptoms include an extreme unresponsiveness to adults and a lack of meaningful speech. If Wesley has the typical pattern of autism symptoms, which other symptom can we expect?

A) muscle tics of the face, arms, and hands
B) repetitive, self-absorbed activities
C) highly imaginative play
D) anxiety attacks when left alone

Question 19

Three children have been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Kim would rather listen to a machine buzzing than hear her mother's voice. Len prefers to be left alone. Matt needs physical contact with his mother all the time. Which of the children has/have symptoms that are common in autism spectrum disorder?

A) Kim and Len
B) Matt only
C) Kim only
D) Len and Matt

Question 20

Which statement is correct about the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder?

A) It is more common among the lower socioeconomic classes.
B) It is more common among European Americans than among Asian Americans.
C) It is more common among boys than among girls.
D) Around one percent of children in the United States are born with autism.

Question 21

Bobbie Jo appeared to develop normally for the first year of her life, but then she began to exhibit severe isolation and communication difficulties as well as repetitive behaviors. Her head size, however, was normal. The most likely diagnosis would be ____.

A) autism spectrum disorder
B) Asperger's syndrome
C) intellectual disability
D) learning disability

Question 22

The communication skill level associated with a severe impairment of autism spectrum disorder would be described as ____.

A) minimal or absent
B) isolated and awkward
C) infrequent atypical behaviors
D) high-functioning

Question 23

Susan refuses to have her daughter Zoe vaccinated against any of the common childhood diseases because Susan is afraid that vaccines can cause autism. What is the position of your text?

A) Susan is right in saying that vaccines have been found to cause autism
B) Susan's concerns are unwarranted because the research study suggesting that childhood vaccinations cause autism has been proven to be fraudulent.
C) The controversy regarding vaccinations and the development of autism spectrum disorder has not been well documented.
D) The research on this matter has not been conclusive; however, the FDA believes the vaccines are safe.

Question 24

Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder is difficult because ____.

A) most of these children relate well to adults throughout life
B) many other disorders show splinter skills
C) the symptoms do not appear until adolescence
D) there is often a period of seemingly normal social and intellectual development

Question 25

Looking at the concordance rates for autism found in twin studies and family studies, Newschaffer and colleagues (2007) believe that autism is primarily the result of ____.

A) genetic factors
B) genetic and environmental factors
C) environmental factors
D) sociocultural factors

Question 26

Research suggests that which neurotransmitter is particularly important in the development of autism?

A) acetylcholine
B) glutamate
C) epinephrine
D) serotonin

Question 27

Which childhood disorder has the latest onset?

A) autism spectrum disorder
B) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
C) pediatric bipolar disorder
D) enuresis

Question 28

A syndrome characterized by average to above-average cognitive skills, intense focus on narrow interests, and one-sided social interactions is ____.

A) Asperger's
B) tic disorder
C) learning disability
D) intellectual disability

Question 29

Which childhood disorder has the highest prevalence?

A) tic disorders
B) attention-deficit hyperactive disorder
C) autism spectrum disorder
D) intellectual disability

Question 30

Natalie is socially awkward and sometimes has difficulty responding to people. She has a few odd rituals and interests that only interfere with her daily life on occasion. She does not have an intellectual disability. Under the DSM-5, Natalie would be diagnosed with ____.

A) conduct disorder
B) Asperger's syndrome
C) social anxiety syndrome
D) autism spectrum disorder

Question 31

In approaching the biological etiology of autism, there are a variety of biological perspectives. All of these approaches have confirmed ____ in the development of autism spectrum disorder.

A) genetic risk factors, environmental risk factors, and gene x environmental interactions
B) gene x environmental interactions only
C) genetic risk factors only
D) environmental risk factors only

Question 32

Which of the following is a neurodevelopmental disorder?

A) oppositional defiant disorder
B) intellectual disability
C) pediatric bipolar disorder
D) post-traumatic stress disorder

Question 33

A splinter skill is said to exist when a ____.

A) person's language ability is extraordinarily good but his or her motor and visual abilities are extremely poor
B) child does very well on one or more isolated spatial and rote memory tasks but poorly on those requiring language
C) person can develop a relationship with an inanimate object but not with a person
D) child can retain information for only a short period of time

Question 34

Candy is a two-year-old with a moderate intellectual disability. She appears to have a single crease across the palm of her hand, slanted eyes, and a harsh voice. What diagnosis would Candy most likely be given?

A) Down syndrome
B) autism spectrum disorder
C) fragile X syndrome
D) learning disability

Question 35

Which statement concerning the etiology of autism is correct?

A) The most common etiological basis of autism noted so far is parental neglect or detachment.
B) The early lack of normal development suggests biological rather than psychosocial factors.
C) Researchers believe that there is one cause for autism that has yet to be discovered.
D) Although psychological effects are important, biological factors play the most critical role.

Question 36

Children who develop autism spectrum disorder have an innate vulnerability that is triggered by ____.

A) stress
B) environmental toxins
C) down syndrome
D) social isolation

Question 37

What can pose a problem in diagnosing autism spectrum disorder?

A) Most signs of autism are extremely subtle or vague.
B) There are no medical tests that can pinpoint autism.
C) Autism cannot diagnosed until age five or later
D) Autism can only be diagnosed when a person demonstrates basic math or reading skill development substantially below the person's chronological age and educational background.

Question 38

Nicole interacted with her parents in a normal manner until she was one year old. Then, at one, she stopped abruptly and became increasingly alone and bizarre. There was no medical reason for this change. What is an appropriate diagnosis for Nicole?

A) separation anxiety disorder
B) autism spectrum disorder
C) Tourette's syndrome
D) pediatric bipolar disorder

Question 39

Audrey, an autistic child, would be expected to respond best to ____.

A) adults
B) babies
C) children
D) inanimate objects

Question 40

Two children are thought to have intellectual disabilities, but one is suspected of being autistic as well. Which characteristic would best help to identify the child with autistic disorder?

A) The child speaks fluently and with creativity.
B) The child shows splinter skills
C) The child is a girl.
D) The child likes to relate to other children.

Question 41

Which of the following has been shown to help children with ADHD?

A) giving them more freedom
B) ignoring their inappropriate behavior
C) giving more structure to their day
D) using harsh punishment for inappropriate behavior

Question 42

What research findings provide an optimistic outlook suggesting that many children with ADHD eventually outgrow the disorder?

A) neuroimaging studies that have found differences in ventricular size
B) neuroimaging studies that have found developmental delays in the prefrontal regions of the brain
C) twin studies that have found support for the role of environmental factors in ADHD
D) drug studies that have explored the effect of dopamine levels on behavior and emotional functioning

Question 43

Which mother would be at highest risk for giving birth to a child with Down syndrome?

A) Anna, who is Hispanic
B) Bonnie, who is African American
C) Corina, who is European
D) Darla, who is Anglo American

Question 44

LuAnne is described by her teacher as "a shy and anxious daydreamer who cannot keep on task and fails to pay attention to details. It takes LuAnne twice as long to complete worksheets as other students." If LuAnne has a childhood disorder, it is probably ____.

A) ADHD, predominantly inattentive type
B) ADHD, combined type
C) oppositional defiant disorder
D) conduct disorder

Question 45

What is considered to be evidence-based behavioral and psychosocial treatment for ADHD?

A) making the unconscious conscious and motivational interviewing
B) self-management training and classroom management strategies
C) building empathy and assertiveness-training
D) anger management techniques and short-term day treatment

Question 46

Which of the following is a difficulty in diagnosing ADHD in preschool children?

A) Co-occurrence with specific and social phobias is common.
B) Parents are more indulgent of their children's behavior before they begin school.
C) Recurrent verbal rage makes communication and assessment difficult.
D) There is great variability in the attentional skills and energy level of preschoolers.

Question 47

Jed has been diagnosed with ADHD, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type. As he matures into adulthood, ____.

A) he will most likely learn to adjust
B) he will develop close friendships with other people who have problems similar to his
C) he is likely to develop schizophrenia
D) his symptoms could be exacerbated by negative reactions from others

Question 48

Which statement about attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is accurate ?

A) It is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder.
B) It is almost always diagnosed in late adolescence.
C) It is rarely associated with academic or social problems.
D) It is more common in females than in males.

Question 49

The parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder ask you for advice on the best treatment to eliminate the child's repetitive behaviors and improve his ability to verbalize. What is the best advice?

A) Drug treatment has been the most effective approach for both symptoms.
B) No treatment has been very effective for these symptoms.
C) Behavior modification has been used effectively for both symptoms.
D) Behavior modification has been used effectively to reduce repetitive behaviors, but nothing has been effective in improving verbalization.

Question 50

Dr. Henry is treating Jose for hyperactivity. He is correct in recommending ____.

A) medication alone
B) cognitive-behavioral treatment alone
C) parent-training programs
D) comprehensive psychosocial and behavioral treatment combined with medications

Question 51

Which of the following is true with respect to the use of drug therapy for treating autism?

A) Use of the antipsychotic medication Haloperidol has been discontinued because it has too many side effects.
B) The hyperactivity drug Ritalin has been found to be helpful in alleviating many autism symptoms.
C) Only two medications, the antipsychotics risperidone and aripiprazole, have received FDA approval for the treatment of autism.
D) SSRIs have been helpful and very effective in decreasing anxiety, repetitive behaviors, and impulsivity.

Question 52

Kendall, a popular first grader, is continuously in the principal's office. His teacher complains that he does not listen to instructions, he fails to finish his schoolwork, he fidgets and squirms in his seat, he often leaves his seat without permission, and he cannot seem to wait his turn during class activities. Whenever the principal calls Kendall's mother, she seems baffled by his behavior because Kendall does not have any problems at home, at church, shopping, or at daycare. What diagnosis is appropriate?

A) ADHD, predominantly hyperactive type
B) ADHD, predominantly inattentive type
C) ADHD, predominantly combined type
D) No disorder; his behaviors only appear to occur in one situation-school.

Question 53

Which central nervous system area is most associated with ADHD?

A) the occipital lobe
B) the prefrontal cortex
C) the occipital lobe
D) the amygdala

Question 54

Dr. Hamm says, "All children with attention problems are also hyperactive. They are more frequently girls and have more difficulty in unstructured situations. Fortunately most cases, the disorder and symptoms abate in adolescence." Which portion of this statement is accurate ?

A) It is accurate to say that all children with attention problems are hyperactive.
B) It is accurate to say that children with attention problems have more difficulty in unstructured situations.
C) It is accurate to say that attention problems abate in adolescence.
D) It is accurate to say that attention problems are more frequent in girls.

Question 55

Which statement about the diagnosis of childhood disorders using the DSM-5 is accurate ?

A) Clinicians no longer have to decide whether behaviors are inappropriate or excessive to diagnose childhood disorders.
B) In the latest edition, there are only seven diagnostic categories, so many children's problems are lumped together in overlapping categories.
C) In the latest edition, the criteria have become very strict, so there has been a dramatic decrease in the number of children diagnosed.
D) To determine if a child has an actual psychological disorder, clinicians consider the child's age, developmental level, environmental factors, and symptoms that cause significant impairment in daily functioning over an extended period of time.

Question 56

Based on the fact that stimulant medications have been used effectively to treat ADHD, it is believed that the disorder may be caused by ____.

A) inadequate levels of acetylcholine in the central nervous system
B) an excess of serotonin in the central nervous system
C) an excess of norepinephrine in the central nervous system
D) inadequate dopamine and associated neurotransmitters that affect sign-flow to and from the frontal lobes

Question 57

A researcher reports that in a long-term follow-up of comprehensive, early intervention and treatment with high-functioning autistics, many improved and exhibited self-sufficiency and reasonable functioning, although odd behaviors remained. The researcher's report sounds ____.

A) unimpressive since most autistics improve without treatment
B) the same as reports of changes that occur with drug therapy alone
C) unrealistically optimistic
D) quite realistic

Question 58

Which of these disorders has the poorest prognosis?

A) enuresis
B) oppositional defiant disorder
C) attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D) conduct disorder

Question 59

Your neighbor, whose daughter has been diagnosed with ADHD, asks your opinion of an article she just read in a popular magazine. According to the article, her daughter's ADHD symptoms are attributable to diet, and if chemical additives were cut out of her diet, her symptoms would decrease. What advice do you give your neighbor?

A) You should tell your neighbor that research has not supported any connection between chemical additives and ADHD.
B) You should tell your neighbor that the result of recent research is confounding and that the FDA recently agreed to respond to public concerns and hold a hearing about the effect of chemical additives.
C) You should tell your neighbor that research has found that chemical additives cause ADHD.
D) You should tell your neighbor that little research has actually been done to explore the connection between chemical additives in food and ADHD.

Question 60

Ross wants to develop a comprehensive program for treating children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Among the many characteristics of the program that he should include is ____.

A) parent involvement
B) psychodynamic therapy
C) relaxation techniques
D) structured discipline

Question 61

Leff and Crick (2010) assessed bullying among boys and girls. What did they find?

A) Girls are more likely than boys to demonstrate relational bullying.
B) Boys are more likely than girls to threaten their victims with social exclusion.
C) Girls are just as likely as boys to show direct forms of bullying, like intimidating, controlling, or beating up other children.
D) Girls are much more socially competent than boys and therefore do not generally engage in bullying behavior.

Question 62

Ms. Ribner has several students in her class with neurodevelopmental disorder. The best help and support she can offer them is to ____.

A) teach them skills and develop their potential to the fullest extent possible
B) provide them with remedial education.
C) improve their interpersonal skills
D) educate their parents about how to encourage their children to learn

Question 63

Sam is chronically getting in trouble at school. He fights with other boys, has destroyed school property, and cheats on his assignments. Sam also has been arrested by the local police for setting fires and stealing. Sam most likely would be diagnosed with ____.

A) antisocial personality disorder
B) conduct disorder
C) temper dysregulation disorder with dysphoria
D) oppositional defiant disorder

Question 64

The most commonly used class of drugs for treating ADHD are ____.

A) tranquilizers
B) stimulants
C) antipsychotics
D) narcotics

Question 65

When treating delinquent youth, Forlong et al. (2013) suggested that ____.

A) behavioral therapy, especially aversive conditioning for antisocial behaviors, works well
B) parent-focused interventions can improve both child behavior and parent mental health
C) group interventions may help youngsters learn appropriate forms of social interaction
D) psychodynamic therapy is best for teaching them to control their aggressive impulses

Question 66

Approximately ____ percent of students in the United States public schools have learning disorders.

A) one
B) five
C) eight
D) eleven

Question 67

Which appears to be most effective for treatment of conduct disorders?

A) Treatment for conduct disorder is most effective when it implements systematic desensitization for children and insight therapy for their parents.
B) Treatment for conduct disorder is most effective when implemented before patterns of disruptive behavior are firmly established.
C) Treatment for conduct disorder is most effective when it involves stimulant medication and social skills role playing.
D) Treatment for conduct disorder is most effective when it utilizes hypnosis and psychoanalysis.

Question 68

Kazdin, Whitley, and Marciano (2006) assert that the most important factor for a positive outcome in children with oppositional, aggressive, or antisocial behaviors is ____.

A) a therapeutic relationship with parents/mentors that involves empathy, warmth, and acceptance
B) covert sensitization to reduce attention problems
C) giving children more control over their environment
D) providing assertiveness training to children to help them become more independent

Question 69

Schools that schedule moderate exercise for children would likely find that it results in ____.

A) more aggressive behavior than if there were no recess
B) modeling inappropriate behaviors for non-ADHD children
C) increasing hyperactivity than if there had no recess
D) reducing the inappropriate behaviors of children with ADHD

Question 70

Milton is a six-year-old child who often has trouble with wetting the bed when he is sleeping at least two times a week. He has been doing this since he was three years old. His diagnosis would likely be ____.

A) ADHD
B) encopresis
C) Down syndrome
D) enuresis

Question 71

Milton gets into fights and has been involved in robbery and vandalism at school. Melissa has been apprehended for truancy many times, and she often runs away from home, uses drugs, and engages in prostitution. What can be said about these two teenagers?

A) They both have oppositional defiant disorder.
B) Milton has oppositional defiant disorder; Melissa has temper dysregulation disorder with dysphoria
C) They both have conduct disorder.
D) Milton has conduct disorder; Melissa has oppositional defiant disorder.

Question 72

In the United States, if academic progress is significantly compromised by a neurodevelopmental disorder, children ____.

A) can only receive a comprehensive evaluation of skills
B) are provided with school services that are individualized to meet the needs of the child
C) require their parents to advocate for their behalf in the American school system to meet their academic needs
D) have few educational resources to access and assist their academic achievement

Question 73

Ever since Steve was a toddler he was irritable and difficult to please. He often threw long temper tantrums in front of his parents and other children. As a child, Steve continues to have angry episodes and outbursts, which are not premeditated and involve physical injury. Steve most likely will be diagnosed with ____.

A) intermittent explosive disorder
B) oppositional defiant disorder
C) conduct disorder
D) pediatric bipolar disorder

Question 74

Which psychiatric disorder of childhood is characterized by recurrent episodes of temper that occur approximately twice weekly for at least three months?

A) intermittent explosive disorder
B) conduct disorder
C) oppositional defiant disorder
D) antisocial personality disorder

Question 75

Donald, age 13, refuses to obey his parents and blames others for his mistakes, but he does not engage in vandalism or other criminal acts. If Donald were to be diagnosed with a mental disorder, it would likely be ____.

A) conduct disorder, adolescent onset type
B) attention deficit/hyperactive disorders
C) separation anxiety disorder
D) oppositional defiant disorder

Question 76

Which category of childhood disorders is characterized by academic functioning that is substantially below that expected in terms of a person's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age appropriate education?

A) learning disorder
B) intellectual disability
C) ADHD
D) autism spectrum disorder

Question 77

Which statement about treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) is accurate ?

A) Stimulant medication usually reduces attention span but leads to improved social behavior.
B) Stimulant medication is prescribed in about 30 percent of cases.
C) Modeling, parent training, and classroom contingency management programs have been far superior to drug therapy in effectiveness.
D) Stimulant medication is prescribed to approximately 69% of children who have been diagnosed with ADHD.

Question 78

Which statement about conduct disorder (CD) is accurate ?

A) Males with CD have a better prognosis than females with CD.
B) Youths with CD who exhibit callous, unemotional personality traits with no remorse for their behavior may exhibit antisocial personality disorder in adulthood.
C) Youths with CD display anger responses that are exaggerated in intensity and duration.
D) Youths with CD do not demonstrate a serious violation of norms.

Question 79

Helen is administering an intelligence test to children to determine if they have a learning disorder. She should be sure to ____.

A) test several children at the same time as a way of reducing their anxiety
B) make sure the children are relaxed by playing soft music as they take the test
C) only give extra time to those who seem to need it
D) be aware of each student's linguistic and cultural background

Question 80

Which statement concerning oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is true?

A) It is characterized by violence and other antisocial behaviors.
B) It involves negativistic, argumentative, and hostile behavior but not serious violations of the rights of others.
C) Its symptoms have little or no overlap with those of attention deficit/hyperactive disorders.
D) It is an old category that is widely recognized around the world.