Deck 31: The Cold War and Decolonization

Question 1

Which of the following wars ended with a truce but no formal peace treaty?

A)Sino-Russian War
B)Vietnam War
C)World War II
D)Korean War
E)None of these are correct.

Answer 1

Korean War

Question 2

The Marshall Plan

A)used currency reserves from member nations to finance temporary trade deficits.
B)had launched a process of economic cooperation and integration.
C)had provided 20 billion dollars in economic aid to friendly European countries by 1961.
D)was never enacted due to partisan political feuds in Congress.
E)had helped to rebuild Japan.

Answer 2

had provided 20 billion dollars in economic aid to friendly European countries by 1961.

Question 3

The United Nations Security Council includes seven rotating members and how many permanent members?

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7
E)10

Answer 3

5

Question 4

In the wake of World War II, the model of economic recovery in the west emphasized

A)hoarding of resources from Communist countries.
B)a military industrial complex.
C)redevelopment of transportation infrastructures in the wake of wartime destruction.
D)restructuring of the labor system.
E)the production of consumer goods.

Question 5

What event was the catalyst for the space race?

A)The United States landing of a man on the moon
B)The successful Soviet flight of a man around the earth
C)The Soviet Sputnik satellite launch
D)The crash of the Apollo 11
E)The U-2 incident of 1960

Question 6

The discovery by the United States that the Soviet Union had deployed nuclear missiles in Cuba in 1962 sparked

A)the blockade of the Soviet Union.
B)the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
C)rebellion in Czechoslovakia.
D)the Bay of Pigs invasion.
E)the Cuban missile crisis.

Question 7

The Korean War, 1950-1953, was limited to the Korean peninsula because

A)the United States feared that attacking China might prompt Soviet retaliation.
B)neither side could win a decisive victory.
C)military technology had stagnated.
D)geographic conditions favored a defensive war.
E)of the inaccessibility of its location.

Question 8

Which of the following is not true of the Helsinki Accords?

A)They were finalized in 1975.
B)They were a precursor to human rights dialogue.
C)They called for government and economic contact across the iron curtain.
D)They said that no boundaries should be changed by military force.
E)They called for the elimination of borders in Europe.

Question 9

The Soviet-dominated counterpart to NATO, which included countries of eastern Europe, was the

A)Warsaw Pact.
B)Green Revolution.
C)Helsinki Accords.
D)Détente agreements.
E)Bretton Woods Collective.

Question 10

Which president's reform agenda for America was called the Great Society?

A)John Kennedy
B)Lyndon Johnson
C)Harry Truman
D)Richard Nixon
E)Dwight Eisenhower

Question 11

In what year did Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first humans to walk on the moon?

A)1949
B)1957
C)1969
D)1975
E)1980

Question 12

One of the triumphs of the Green Revolution was

A)construction of the Aswan Dam in Egypt.
B)Khrushchev's success in the Virgin Lands Campaign.
C)the development of "miracle rice."
D)mandating cleanup of toxic waste in third-world countries abused by the Industrial Nations.
E)raising public awareness of ecology and recycling in the 1960s.

Question 13

What factors raised the standards of living in post-war Western Europe?

A)increased wages
B)government-sponsored health care
C)social welfare programs including pensions and grants to the poor
D)income redistribution
E)All of these are correct.

Question 14

Why were Greece and Turkey admitted to NATO in 1947?

A)They were felt to be capable of participating in the EEC.
B)To check Soviet expansion in Europe
C)They were democratic republics with constitutions and met the NATO criteria.
D)They provided missile bases to Western military forces.
E)To reward their resistance movements against the Axis powers during World War II

Question 15

Bangladesh emerged as an independent nation in 1971 from

A)Pakistan.
B)Tamir India.
C)French Indochina.
D)English Burma.
E)Sri Lanka.

Question 16

Which world leader claimed he would "reduce [the opposition] to a smoking, radiating ruin at the end of two hours" in the event of attack?

A)Josef Stalin
B)Nikita Khrushchev
C)Mae Zedong
D)Dwight D. Eisenhower
E)John F. Kennedy

Question 17

What word or phrase coined by Winston Churchill became a watchword of the Cold War?

A)Detente
B)Iron curtain
C)Decolonization
D)East versus West
E)None of these are correct.

Question 18

Where did economic specialists representing over forty countries meet in 1944 to devise a new international monetary system?

A)Washington, D.C.
B)London
C)Yalta
D)Moscow
E)Bretton Woods

Question 19

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), established in 1949, was a

A)military alliance consisting of the United States and western European countries.
B)military alliance consisting of the USSR and eastern European countries.
C)military alliance of newly freed African countries.
D)military alliance of the recently defeated countries of World War II.
E)military compact among the nonaligned states.

Question 20

Who were the Viet Cong?

A)a North Vietnamese-supported communist guerilla movement
B)Chinese military advisors to the North Vietnamese
C)CIA-sponsored freedom troops for South Vietnam
D)neutral Vietnamese who wanted decolonization
E)Westernized, pro-French South Vietnamese middle classes

Question 21

Kenya faced a difficult task in winning independence mostly because of

A)the resistance of white coffee planters.
B)the lack of a well-educated Kenyan leader.
C)the nonviolent nature of Kenyan nationalism.
D)its large supplies of oil, which made it a prime target for invasion by other African nations.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 22

The 1966 Chinese Cultural Revolution was initially intended to instill revolutionary fervor of Chinese youth formed into

A)intellectual institutions.
B)radical networks.
C)comminterns.
D)Red Guard units.
E)None of the above

Question 23

Leaders of "Third World" nations preferred the term

A)independent.
B)Second World.
C)nonaligned.
D)All of these are correct.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 24

Steve Biko was

A)Prime Minister of the apartheid government in South Africa.
B)one of the founders of the Black Consciousness Movement.
C)a radical within the African National Congress.
D)an Anglican bishop within South Africa who won the Nobel Peace Prize.
E)elected as president of the new Republic of Zimbabwe.

Question 25

The Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961

A)was a response to the Cuban missile crisis.
B)was a failed United States-sponsored attempt to overthrow Castro.
C)led to the overthrow of Batista.
D)was Cuban terrorists attacking U.S. military bases in Florida.
E)All of these

Question 26

Which leader of the African National Congress organized guerrilla resistance against apartheid starting in 1960?

A)Leopold Senghor
B)Kwame Nkrumah
C)Jomo Kenyatta
D)Nelson Mandela
E)Patrice Lamumba

Question 27

Which of the following countries did not invade Egypt and seize the Suez Canal in 1956?

A)Israel
B)Great Britain
C)France
D)The United States
E)All of these are correct.

Question 28

Since World War II, the most important political issue in Arab countries has been the

A)struggle with Israel and the plight of the Palestinians.
B)Suez Canal crisis.
C)military coup in Iraq.
D)independence of OPEC nations.
E)decision to join the European Common Market.

Question 29

Who said, "One cannot conceive of both an independent [African] territory and a France which continues to aid it"?

A)Charles de Gaulle
B)Jomo Kenyatta
C)Julius Kambarage Nyerere
D)Kwame Nkrumah
E)Desmond Tutu

Question 30

Most of the leaders of African independence movements were

A)pro Communist.
B)committed to imparting democracy.
C)among the most westernized members of their society.
D)oppressed by imperial European governments.
E)influenced by the Soviet economic model.

Question 31

Which of the following is true of Israel?

A)It was declared an independent Jewish state in 1948.
B)It defeated armies sent by Arab countries in 1948.
C)It displaced 700,000 Palestinian refugees.
D)It took control of all of Jerusalem in 1967.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 32

Which of the following nations won independence first?

A)Indonesia
B)Burma
C)The Malay Federation
D)The Philippine Islands
E)Singapore

Question 33

Which of the following can be said of the French-Algerian War?

A)It ended in 1962 with Algerian independence.
B)Algerian forces were supported by Egypt and other Arab countries.
C)It began with an uprising in 1954.
D)It produced an Algerian independence movement organized by the Front de Liberation National of the FLN.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 34

Mao Zedong's 1958 Great Leap Forward was intended to propel China into a world industrial power and was a plan designed to

A)build an alliance with the Soviet Union.
B)isolate China from foreign influences.
C)build modern Western-style factories.
D)industrialize using small-scale industries and collectivized agriculture.
E)put a man into space.

Question 35

The first British colony in West Africa to gain independence was

A)Ghana.
B)Rhodesia.
C)Guinea.
D)Nigeria.
E)Egypt.

Question 36

The demands of what American company led to the CIA-sponsored overthrow of the elected president of Guatemala?

A)Dole Food Group
B)United Fruit Company
C)AT&T
D)Delta Airlines
E)Wells Fargo

Question 37

Policies of racial segregation called apartheid were used by the white government of what country?

A)Rhodesia
B)South Africa
C)Namibia
D)Ghana
E)Angola

Question 38

In 1956, 25 percent of Cuban national income was derived from

A)tin and nickel mining.
B)casinos.
C)sugar manufacture and export.
D)U.S. foreign aid.
E)tourism.

Question 39

The Cold War isolated and excluded Japan from world political issues, helping Japan to

A)quietly begin to rebuild its military.
B)regain control over its wartime territories.
C)rebuild and develop its economic strength.
D)open its borders to immigrants from nations at war.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 40

In 1947, India and Pakistan went to war over the

A)export of Kashmir wool.
B)northwestern state of Kashmir.
C)assassination of the Hindu leader Indira Gandhi.
D)breech of a nuclear weapons pact.
E)All of these

Question 41

Which of the following can be said of the Six Day War of 1967?

A)It was a preemptive attack by Israel on Egyptian and Syrian airbases.
B)It resulted in Israel's acquisition of all of Jerusalem and the West Bank.
C)It resulted in Israel's acquisition of the Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and the Sinai Peninsula.
D)It was a victory for Israel.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 42

How did the Cold War change the United Nations?

Question 43

Discuss the major figures in the struggle against apartheid.

Question 44

What is the term applied to geopolitics dominated by the Eastern and Western rivalry in the Cold War era?

Question 45

What was the experience of Africans in British colonies during their struggle for independence?

Question 46

Describe the political situation in the Middle East after World War II, with particular emphasis on the region's production of oil.

Question 47

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
Discuss whether the Cold War was caused more by political ideology or technology. Why did this issue come to overshadow the process and importance of decolonization?

Question 48

The Egyptian-Israeli war in 1973 led directly to the

A)autonomy of the Palestinian people.
B)Arab oil embargo.
C)creation of the PLO.
D)Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
E)United Nations troops being stationed in the Gaza Strip.

Question 49

Which counties have the only veto power at the United Nations?

Question 50

Describe decolonization and nation building in South and Southeast Asia.

Question 51

What was the most significant threat of the Cold War?

Question 52

Briefly discuss the origins of the Vietnam War. What two broad global contexts explain the onset of that conflict? What were the long-term repercussions of United States involvement in Vietnam?

Question 53

How did the Cold War affect China and Japan?

Question 54

Which of the following did not occur in 1970?

A)establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency
B)passage of Clean Air Act
C)first celebration of Earth Day
D)publication of study called The Limits of Growth
E)All of these are correct.

Question 55

Who overthrew the Batista dictatorship in Cuba?

Question 56

How was "World War III" avoided in the post-World War II period?

Question 57

The superpowers didn't view the struggle between Israel and the Arab states as a vital concern until

A)Israel developed nuclear capabilities.
B)Anwar Sadat was assassinated.
C)the Oslo Accords were signed.
D)the oil wealth of the Middle East was used against the nations that supported Israel in the 1973 war.
E)All of these

Question 58

Describe the economic and political struggle between Third World nations in Latin America and the United States.

Question 59

Describe how the Korean War was a direct result of the Cold War and discuss the outcome of the war.