Deck 29: The Collapse of the Old Order

Question 1

In Italy fasci di combattimento meant

A)radical politician.
B)fighting unit.
C)fascist state.
D)liberal elite.
E)pardoned prisoner.

Answer 1

fighting unit.

Question 2

What did the Smoot-Hawley tariff and retaliatory measures do to world trade by 1932?

A)It rose 25 percent.
B)It doubled.
C)It dropped 36 percent.
D)It plunged 62 percent.
E)It was unchanged.

Answer 2

It plunged 62 percent.

Question 3

The economy of southern African boomed during the Depression because

A)it was based on agriculture, not industry.
B)it was not part of the world economy.
C)the Depression made gold more valuable.
D)it was exploited as a colony.
E)of the abundant supply of slave labor.

Answer 3

the Depression made gold more valuable.

Question 4

Stalin's First Five-Year Plan stressed

A)increases in electricity and heavy industries.
B)production of consumer goods for export.
C)acquiring colonies to protect the Soviet economy.
D)decentralized control and economic incentives.
E)participation in the European Union.

Question 5

Which of the following were actions taken by Benito Mussolini?

A)He put Fascists in government jobs.
B)He took over education.
C)He gave employers control over employees.
D)He crushed all other political parties.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 6

The better-off peasants were called

A)Stalinists.
B)Bolsheviks.
C)Kulaks.
D)Proletariat.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 7

What was, in the text's wording, Stalin's "most radical social experiment"?

A)attacking Germany
B)abolishing marriage
C)providing free food
D)collectivizing agriculture
E)protecting the environment

Question 8

The stock market crash of 1929 turned into

A)the deepest depression in history.
B)an economic boon to the "common man," as he was now able to afford stock.
C)a minor depression followed by an economic recovery.
D)a "limited" depression in some countries, but not most Western countries.
E)a depression for the United States only.

Question 9

One of the most outspoken feminists of the Bolshevik Party was

A)Irina Krupskaia.
B)Anna Akhmatova.
C)Alexandra Kollontai.
D)Rosa Luxemburg.
E)Tatiana Romanova.

Question 10

The Purges were a series of trials based on the opportunity to do which of the following?

A)Stalin's desire to remove old supporters of Lenin from the Party
B)The plan to remove Red Army officers suspected of treason
C)Spread the terror to the lower levels of the population
D)Prepare the population for a dictatorship of the proletariat
E)All of these are correct.

Question 11

At the height of the Stalinist terror of the 1930s,

A)millions of Jews were slaughtered in gas chambers.
B)Moscow was burnt to the ground as part of Stalin's "scorched earth" policy.
C)the USSR joined forces with Germany and Italy to invade Poland.
D)Stalin was killed in a Kremlin coup.
E)approximately 1 million citizens died a year in the gulags.

Question 12

How did the Nazi takeover of Germany affect Stalin's second Five-Year Plan?

A)It did not change his plan.
B)Stalin intended to produce arms but decided to produce consumer goods instead.
C)It provided Stalin with a new trading partner who also was a militarist.
D)The Nazis demanded that Stalin cancel his second Five-Year Plan.
E)Stalin intended to produce consumer goods but decided to produce arms instead.

Question 13

Stalin's main tool for implementing terror was the

A)KGB.
B)NVKD.
C)People's Commissar.
D)SovNarKom.
E)NEP.

Question 14

What did Adolf Hitler write while in jail in the 1920s?

A)The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
B)All Quiet on the Western Front
C)Mein Kampf
D)The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
E)Das Boot

Question 15

Benito Mussolini was known as

A)Il Duce.
B)The Fuhrer.
C)El Presidente.
D)Caesar.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 16

China's response to the Depression was

A)one of the worst in the nonindustrialized world.
B)very little, as their problems were more political than economic.
C)to start a revolution for modernization.
D)to make an alliance with Japan for raw materials in exchange for imported finished goods.
E)negligible, as their economy was growing under the auspices of Communism.

Question 17

Whose assassination triggered Stalin's spectacular purge trials?

A)Leon Trotsky
B)Sergei Kirov
C)Lavrenty Beria
D)Tsar Nicholas II
E)Vladimir Lenin

Question 18

Franklin D. Roosevelt's economic recovery plan was called the

A)New Deal.
B)Square Deal.
C)New Frontier.
D)Fair Deal.
E)Trickle Down Economics.

Question 19

Hitler's "master race" was what group?

A)Alpine Italians
B)Aryans
C)Eastern European Slavs
D)Jews
E)Africans

Question 20

Despite the Stalinist terror, Soviet women

A)found themselves in more repressed roles.
B)were expected to work only in farm collectives.
C)entered jobs and careers previously closed to them.
D)found their roles in society unchanged.
E)gained equality with men.

Question 21

Hitler's popularity came in large part from the German people's belief that

A)he was a religious as well as a political leader.
B)the German Communist Party should rule Europe.
C)economic well-being outweighed a loss of liberty.
D)he was literally the second coming of Jesus Christ.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 22

Which British prime minister practiced "appeasement"?

A)Lloyd George
B)Benjamin Disraeli
C)Winston Churchill
D)Neville Chamberlain
E)Margaret Thatcher

Question 23

Germany had conquered all but the following country by May1940.

A)Belgium
B)France
C)Denmark
D)Norway
E)The Netherlands

Question 24

Which segment of Japanese society tended to provoke attacks on China?

A)The nobility
B)Shinto priests
C)Senior military commanders
D)Junior military officers
E)Japanese enlisted men

Question 25

Eventually, Japanese leaders realized that the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)with China

A)was too popular at home to make peace.
B)was a drain on Japanese resources.
C)was morally repugnant.
D)was self-defeating as they were ethnically similar people.
E)would be over in a short period of time if they could hold on.

Question 26

At Nanjing, the Japanese troops raped

A)200 Chinese women.
B)800 Chinese women.
C)1,700 Chinese women.
D)15,000 Chinese women.
E)20,000 Chinese women.

Question 27

In what year did Hitler sign a "secret pact" with the Soviet Union?

A)1934
B)1938
C)1939
D)1940
E)1942

Question 28

Hitler's first invasion with a newly rearmed Germany in 1938 was of

A)Czechoslovakia.
B)Poland.
C)Austria.
D)Belgium.
E)Finland.

Question 29

Mao Zedong's variety of communism was a radical departure from the traditional ideology because it

A)emphasized the urban proletariat.
B)involved no land distribution.
C)relied on the peasantry.
D)was the same as Stalin's brand of communism.
E)only accepted individuals under twelve years old so they could be properly indoctrinated.

Question 30

Per his earlier writings in Mein Kampf , Hitler's plan for Russia was

A)to enslave the Slavic people and create "living space" to the East.
B)complete genocide of all Bolsheviks.
C)to work in cooperation with Stalin to execute all Jews.
D)to take over the fertile agricultural lands of western Russia.
E)to install Catholicism in place of the Russian Orthodox Church.

Question 31

Hitler's goal for Germany included which of the following?

A)the repeal of the Treaty of Versailles
B)to take over all German-speaking territory
C)to expand into Poland
D)to eliminate the Jews from Europe
E)All of these are correct.

Question 32

What was the Long March?

A)Mao Zedong's 1934 escape from the Guomindang to Shaanxi
B)Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to capture Mao alive
C)The Japanese attack on Beijing
D)Chiang Kai-shek's flight to Taiwan
E)None of these are correct.

Question 33

The Germans were unable to overcome the British use of radar and code-breaking in the Battle of Britain, which was conducted primarily by

A)air attacks.
B)submarines.
C)naval warships.
D)ground force invasion on the beaches at Hastings.
E)detonating a magneto-electric pulse on London to wipe out all electric power.

Question 34

What was the German word for "lightning war"?

A)Blitzkrieg
B)Sitzkrieg
C)Wehrmacht
D)Gestapo
E)Banzai

Question 35

The excuse used by Japan to provoke the Manchurian Incident in 1931 was

A)a riot by the Chinese against Japanese presence.
B)the need to declare a war on drugs against China's opium trade.
C)an explosion on a railway track.
D)that the Chinese were allying with Russia, and Japan wanted to prevent a recurrence of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905.
E)that China threatened Japanese imperial holdings in Korea.

Question 36

Which of the following were among Mao Zedong's policies toward women?

A)He encouraged women to organize.
B)He allowed divorce.
C)He banned arranged marriage.
D)He banned footbinding.
E)All of the above

Question 37

Why was the winter of 1939-1940 termed a period of "phony war"?

A)The revelation of the Soviet-German pact over Poland was revealed.
B)Britain and France declared war on Germany but took no action.
C)The perception was that there was no real war without U.S. involvement.
D)The Soviet Union did not actively fight, but let winter kill off most of their enemies.
E)None of these

Question 38

In 1935, Mussolini took advantage of the weakness of the Western democracies and

A)invaded Ethiopia.
B)launched a bombing campaign against France.
C)ended diplomatic relations with Britain.
D)sent military aid to Germany.
E)annexed Sicily.

Question 39

In the early years of World War II, the Soviet Union invaded which of the following countries?

A)Germany and Japan
B)Germany and Italy
C)Eastern Poland and the Baltic republics
D)France and China
E)Greece and Turkey

Question 40

Many Japanese nationalists thought that the answer to the Depression was to

A)once again close Japan to Western influence.
B)have Japan establish a colonial empire.
C)better support Japanese agriculture.
D)make prayers and sacrifices to their ancestors.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 41

The Communist Chinese forces defeated the Guomindang largely through

A)the greed and ineptness of the Guomindang.
B)better training and equipment.
C)a larger army and navy.
D)a last-minute alliance with Japan.
E)the use of smallpox as a biological weapon.

Question 42

The main cause of environmental stress during World War II was the

A)scarring of battlefields by enormous armies.
B)tremendous number of refugees.
C)economic development, which increased demand for raw materials.
D)bombing of cities into ruins.
E)massive numbers of diseased corpses.

Question 43

What key battle turned the tide in favor of the Allies in North Africa?

A)Casablanca
B)Tunis
C)El Alamein
D)Salerno
E)Monte Cassino

Question 44

One of the most significant long-lasting consequences of World War II in the United States was the

A)recruitment of women and minorities into the labor force.
B)end of any German military threat.
C)loss of the U.S. Pacific colonies.
D)encouragement of racial discrimination.
E)extension of mandatory retirement until age sixty-five.

Question 45

The Holocaust is estimated to have killed Jews.

A)500,000
B)1 million
C)3 million
D)6 million
E)10 million

Question 46

Which of the following scientific and technological innovations were spurred by World War II?

A)Synthetic rubber
B)Radar
C)Antibiotics
D)Nuclear weapons
E)All of these are correct.

Question 47

What country suffered the most deaths in World War II?

A)China
B)Japan
C)Germany
D)The Soviet Union
E)The United States

Question 48

The prime motivation for the Japanese invasion of Southeast Asia was

A)its abundant strategic materials including oil and rubber.
B)the opportunity to defeat Western powers.
C)to keep the Japanese people satisfied.
D)to keep the United States from entering the war.
E)to avenge the execution of Japanese sailors in 1938.

Question 49

Which of the following was a result of increased U.S. production during World War II?

A)It ended the Depression and lowered unemployment.
B)It created a post-World War II consumer boom.
C)It helped improve nutrition in the United States.
D)It was double that of all the Axis nations.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 50

The final defeat of Japan took longer than victory over Germany in large part because

A)of fanatical Japanese resistance.
B)the Japanese had captured so much more territory.
C)the United States had concentrated its efforts on Germany.
D)the Allies were unsure of whether to use the atomic bomb.
E)ice floes surrounded the islands of Japan.

Question 51

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
The Depression in the 1930s was the deepest and most widespread economic collapse in history. What were its international economic and political consequences?

Question 52

Which group was murdered by the Nazis in the interest of "racial purity"?

A)homosexuals
B)the disabled and mentally ill
C)the Polish elite
D)gypsies
E)All of these are correct.

Question 53

During the Battle of Midway, the United States sank most of Japan's largest

A)battleships.
B)aircraft carriers.
C)troop transports.
D)island bases.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 54

The first atomic bomb was dropped on

A)Tokyo.
B)Berlin.
C)Okinawa.
D)Hiroshima.
E)Nagasaki.

Question 55

The end of the war in the Pacific arena was hastened by

A)the United States use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
B)the refusal of the United States to consider any alternatives.
C)international objection to the slaughter of civilian populations.
D)the environmental effects of radioactivity.
E)the economic devastation that would occur to the rest of Japan.

Question 56

Discuss the implementation of the Five-Year Plans in the Soviet Union and their political, social, and economic effects.

Question 57

Explain the differences between the dictatorships of Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini. What political ideology was each following, and how did each rise to power?

Question 58

The start of the final Allied push to end the war in Europe began on June 6, 1944, forever after known as

A)the Big One.
B)D-Day.
C)Operation Caprica.
D)the Norman Invasion.
E)Battle of the Bulge.

Question 59

One of the fiercest battles on the Volga River between USSR and Germany, and a key turning point in the war, was at

A)Lvov.
B)Stalingrad.
C)Moscow.
D)Riga.
E)Odessa.

Question 60

Where did Japan bomb the United States fleet on December 7, 1941?

A)Manila
B)Guadacanal
C)Norfolk
D)Pearl Harbor
E)All of these are correct.

Question 61

What were some of the technological advances during World War II that made it a "war of science"?

Question 62

Joseph Stalin's goal was to .

Question 63

What two aspects of politics did fascism borrow from their ideological enemy, Communism?

Question 64

The German military tactic was known as

Question 65

How was Mao Zedong's brand of Communism different from Stalin's and traditional Marxist-Leninism? How did that contribute to Mao's success?

Question 66

The only two economies that "boomed" during the depression were

Question 67

October 24, 1929 was known as

Question 68

During Stalin's terror, millions were either killed or sent to

Question 69

How was World War II different from World War I? What made it more of a "world" war, with extensive violence and loss of population?

Question 70

Why did many in the United States consider World War II the "good war"?

Question 71

What was the source of conflict between Japan and China from 1931 to 1945?