Deck 4: New Civilizations Outside the West Asian Core Area

Question 1

The greatest rival of Confucianism was

A)Daoism.
B)Confucianism.
C)Legalism.
D)Moism.
E)Rationalism.

Answer 1

Daoism.

Question 2

Compared with the Shang dynasty god, Di, the Zhou main god Tian was

A)much more demanding and harsh.
B)compassionate and understanding.
C)equally uninvolved in the affairs of humans.
D)retributive and moody.
E)generous and wise.

Answer 2

compassionate and understanding.

Question 3

Which of the following is not one of the ways that Confucian philosophy attempts to create societal harmony?

A)By emphasizing the idea that the country is parallel to the family
B)By expanding the traditional feelings of benevolence toward family so that they apply to all of humanity
C)By avoiding violence and promoting justice, loyalty, and dignity
D)By emphasizing the goodness of human nature and seeking to promote it through education, particularly of public officials
E)By emphasizing individual freedoms

Answer 3

By emphasizing individual freedoms

Question 4

Which of the following was not a disciple of Confucius?

A)Mengzi
B)Mencius
C)Xunzi
D)Laozi
E)None of these are correct.

Question 5

Significant insight into the lives, activities, and feelings of early Chinese people of the Zhou period is available to scholars because of

A)oracle bones.
B)long-lasting archeological remains.
C)The Book of Songs.
D)The Mandate of Heaven.
E)Emperor Wu's immense stele of inscribed laws.

Question 6

Other than oracle bones, one of the main sources of information on Shang China is/are

A)records from western traders reporting the wealth of north China.
B)The Book of Records .
C)mummies.
D)royal and elite tombs.
E)excavation of cities.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a surviving written text from the Zhou period?

A)Book of Songs
B)Spring and Autumn Annals
C)Book of Documents
D)Book of Changes
E)Book of Heaven

Question 8

The Shang elite were what part of society?

A)warriors
B)priests
C)scholars
D)merchants
E)farmers

Question 9

The dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have written records (ca. 1766-1045 BCE)were the

A)Shang.
B)Zhou.
C)Scythians.
D)Daoists.
E)Magyars.

Question 10

The text regards divination as a

A)superstition.
B)hoax.
C)technology.
D)All of these are correct.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 11

What does the practice of feng shui accomplish?

A)it is part of the process of silk production
B)it orients buildings in harmony with the terrain and the forces of nature
C)it scares away ghosts of the ancestors
D)it is a treatment in traditional Chinese medicine
E)it is a term for "Divine Judgment," a kind of karmic response from Heaven

Question 12

The people and dynasty that created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule were the

A)Shang.
B)Zhou.
C)Scythians.
D)Daoists.
E)Magyars.

Question 13

Characteristics of the supreme god Di in Shang religion include all of the following EXCEPT

A)Di is not approachable by humans.
B)Di unleashes the power of storms.
C)Di is concerned with the fate of humans.
D)Di will be in the same supernatural sphere as other spirits when humans die.
E)Di will intercede on behalf of humans by the pleas of their ancestors.

Question 14

The Chinese acquired silk by

A)encouraging Chinese "silk pirates" who raided merchant shipping.
B)importing raw silk from Europe.
C)hiring Japanese labor to work in textile mills.
D)conquering the neighboring Mongol regions.
E)raising silkworms and pioneering silk cloth production.

Question 15

The Mandate of Heaven meant that the ruler retained the right to rule as long as

A)he remained the strongest in the kingdom.
B)he remained a wise and principled guardian of his people.
C)he performed the correct ritual sacrifices.
D)he produced a male heir.
E)he kept the loyalty of the military.

Question 16

Han Fei's writings best express what faith or philosophy?

A)Christianity
B)Buddhism
C)Confucianism
D)Legalism
E)Shintoism

Question 17

Confucius' writings were handed down orally for several generations before being compiled in written form as

A)Book of Documents.
B)Book of Songs.
C)Book of Changes.
D)Analects.
E)Spring and Autumn Annals.

Question 18

Who wrote the Art of War ?

A)Luoyang
B)Wu
C)Cheng
D)Sunzi
E)Kongzi

Question 19

Which of the following is not a natural barrier that helped isolate China?

A)the Himalaya mountain range
B)The Yellow river
C)The Gobi Desert
D)The Mongolian steppe
E)The Tian mountains

Question 20

To Confucius, the fundamental element of society was the

A)king.
B)city.
C)maintenance of tradition.
D)characteristic of respect.
E)family.

Question 21

How did Nubia become a "corridor" for long-distance trade before 3000 BCE?

A)Government policies carefully regulated and promoted trade.
B)Egypt built a river highway for the passage of goods.
C)Nubia had no natural resources of its own and so needed to import them.
D)It connected sub-Saharan Africa with North Africa.
E)Actually, Nubia never did participate in the African trade networks, preferring isolationism.

Question 22

During the period when the kings of Nubia ruled all of Egypt, where did they live?

A)Meroë
B)Thebes
C)Alexandria
D)Napata
E)Memphis

Question 23

Which of the following was not one of Nubia's natural resources?

A)gold
B)copper
C)semiprecious stones
D)ivory
E)None of these are correct.

Question 24

By 300 BCE, Celtic people were found in what regions?

A)Hungary and Turkey
B)Italy and Greece
C)Britain and France
D)Spain and Ireland
E)All of these are correct.

Question 25

In the Nubian kingdom's matrilineal system, the monarch who usually inherited the throne was the

A)daughter of the dead queen.
B)son of the dead king's sister.
C)niece of the dead queen.
D)first-born son of the monarch.
E)first-born child of the monarch, male or female.

Question 26

Which of the following did the Celts lack?

A)shared elements of language
B)shared elements of culture
C)shared elements of belief
D)a shared nation
E)None of these are correct.

Question 27

What is a distinctive feature of Celtic military activity?

A)Warriors fought naked and took the heads of enemies.
B)Warriors fought with special armor.
C)Warriors used military bands to set the tempo for marching, and to keep up morale.
D)Warriors engaged in symbolic warfare, which obviated injuries.
E)Warriors fought only as a last resort after diplomacy failed.

Question 28

Why was the Nubian offer to aid Palestine a mistake?

A)Palestine lost.
B)Nubia had nothing to offer militarily.
C)The Palestinians misconstrued the offer and attacked the Nubians.
D)The Assyrians invaded Egypt as retaliation, driving the Nubians southward.
E)Egypt, angered by Nubia's siding against its ally Assyria, invaded Nubia.

Question 29

The fundamental idea of Daoism can be summarized as

A)accepting the world as you find it, avoiding useless struggles, and adhering to the "path" of nature.
B)unquestioning obedience to authority and reverence for structure brings success.
C)emphasizing aggressive action and radical change.
D)emphasizing communal action to promote the betterment of society.
E)technological and social progress can solve all social ills.

Question 30

Celtic women

A)never contributed property to a marriage.
B)had no freedom in their sexual relations.
C)could inherit their husbands' estates.
D)were regular combatants on the battlefield.
E)were considered more "royal" than men.

Question 31

The concept of yin and yang represented the complementary nature of

A)religion and the state in Chinese society.
B)good and evil in Chinese morality.
C)male and female roles in the natural order.
D)the wisdom of age and the strength of youth.
E)warrior and emperor in times of trouble.

Question 32

Travel along the Nile River between Egypt and Nubia was interrupted by a series of

A)cataracts.
B)raiders and nomads.
C)toll posts.
D)waterfalls.
E)deepwater lakes.

Question 33

Celtic is a member of which language group?

A)Indo-European
B)Altaic
C)Semitic
D)Bantu
E)Sino-Tibetan

Question 34

Celtic priests set forth the doctrine of

A)resurrection.
B)absolution.
C)nirvana.
D)annihilation
E)reincarnation.

Question 35

Two indigenous Chinese philosophies that emerged from the Warring States Period are

A)Confucianism and Buddhism.
B)Confucianism and Hinduism.
C)Confucianism and Jainism.
D)Confucianism and Daoism.
E)Confucianism and Judaism.

Question 36

Druids were

A)Celtic priests in Gaul and Britain.
B)keepers of henges.
C)the warrior elite of Germanic lands.
D)spell-casters who ate human hearts.
E)we don't know.

Question 37

The second half of which era is commonly called the Warring States Period?

A)Shang
B)Chin
C)Western Zhou
D)Eastern Zhou
E)Qin

Question 38

What was the Egyptian name for Nubia?

A)Kush
B)Kerma
C)Napata
D)Aswan
E)Amon

Question 39

One of the best text sources we have about the Celts was written by

A)compilers of the Bible.
B)Plato.
C)Julius Caesar.
D)Constantine the Great.
E)the Celtic historian's guild.

Question 40

Which of the following is true of Egyptian cultural influence on Nubia?

A)Nubian child hostages learned the Egyptian culture, religion, and language.
B)Nubians served as archers in the Egyptian armed forces and so learned Egyptian culture.
C)Nubians traded for Egyptian goods.
D)Nubians built Egyptian-style towns and temples to Egyptian gods and goddesses.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 41

The term used by the ancient Greeks for the nomadic peoples living on the steppe north of the Black and Caspian Seas was

A)Cimmerians.
B)Sima Qian.
C)Scythians.
D)Kushan.
E)Saka.

Question 42

The Warring States Period was a time of political and social change in China. How do Daoism and Confucianism reflect these changes?

Question 43

If Confucianism emphasized social engagement, its great rival, Daoism, urged .

Question 44

An ecological region of grass- and shrub-covered plains that is treeless and too arid for agriculture is the

A)prairie.
B)grasslands.
C)steppe.
D)desert.
E)tropics.

Question 45

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
Describe the role that geography, climate, and natural resources had on the classical Chinese civilizations which emerged in East Asia after 2000 BCE.

Question 46

Who wrote the fullest account of the Xiongnu nomads?

A)Confucius
B)Sima Qian
C)Sunzi
D)Marco Polo
E)Darius

Question 47

Discuss the importance of the Chinese concept of "harmony" in both religious and political terms. How does this concept manifest itself in political and religious structures? Does this concept remain stable?

Question 48

Which of the following kingdoms or empires was not founded by former nomadic peoples?

A)Parthian
B)Kushian
C)Saka
D)Scythian
E)None of these are correct.

Question 49

What was the importance of divination in the maintenance of authority in the Shang period?

Question 50

What was the importance of trade to the native civilizations that emerged along the Nile south of Egypt?

Question 51

Briefly discuss pastoral nomadism as it unfolded across the Eurasian steppes after 1000 BCE.

Question 52

According to the chapter, why was China's development unique?

Question 53

If you were a Roman traveler, how would you describe Celtic society and explain the Celts' lack of state building?

Question 54

People without permanent, fixed places of residence, whose way of life and means of subsistence require them to periodically migrate, often with their herds of domesticated animals, to a familiar series of temporary seasonal encampments are called

A)Sedentarians.
B)wanderers.
C)kulaks.
D)nomads.
E)rentiers.

Question 55

Which Greek historian wrote extensively about nomadic peoples?

A)Herodotus
B)Sima Qian
C)Alexander
D)Ares
E)Chavin

Question 56

Compare the relationship between Egypt and Nubia during the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom periods.

Question 57

Where did the early Celts worship their gods and goddesses?