Deck 6: An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China

Question 1

The process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces is called

A)diasporianism.
B)cultural imperialism.
C)Hellinization.
D)Romanization.
E)dispersion.

Answer 1

Romanization.

Question 2

The emperor responsible for the reorganization of the Roman government after 31 BCE went by the honorific name of

A)Julius Caesar.
B)Caligula.
C)Nero.
D)Claudius.
E)Augustus.

Answer 2

Augustus.

Question 3

Which of the following was the most common cause of Roman expansion?

A)aggressive fans of war in Rome
B)the short term of office of the Consuls in the senate
C)the desire to acquire buffer zones protecting them from attack by enemies
D)the mandate to impose their religion on neighboring regions
E)the presence of a large, well-maintained army

Answer 3

the desire to acquire buffer zones protecting them from attack by enemies

Question 4

During the Republic, Romans managed their conquered territories by

A)brutal domination and conquest, enslaving local populations.
B)establishing a system of satrapies and using local leaders to enforce Roman power.
C)nonoccupation and little interaction other than tax collection.
D)establishing a provincial administration and sending a Roman senator to oversee matters.
E)dispatching the army to occupy the area and bring the locals into line.

Question 5

Which statement is true about Roman women?

A)They were equal to Roman men.
B)They had no say in family matters.
C)They were viewed as a child in the eyes of the law.
D)They were required to provide ten years of military service.
E)They were powerless and virtually slaves in their own homes.

Question 6

The conquest of the Celtic peoples of Gaul was accomplished by which famous Roman general?

A)Gaius Julius Caesar
B)Marcus Aurelius
C)Octavian
D)Romulus
E)Remus

Question 7

The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was

A)an impoverished population.
B)political decentralization.
C)military leaders with armies loyal to them rather than to the state.
D)ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
E)the subversive effect of increasingly popular monotheistic religions.

Question 8

Between 264 and 202 BCE, Rome fought two bloody wars against

A)Greece.
B)Egypt.
C)Carthage.
D)Persia.
E)Gaul.

Question 9

What was the Roman word for "broad estates," or ranches?

A)trajan
B)gaius
C)patrician
D)latifundia
E)None of these are correct.

Question 10

The essential economic activity of the early Roman state was based on

A)agriculture.
B)mercantilism.
C)mining.
D)fishing.
E)the military.

Question 11

A significant difference in Roman expansion versus Greek was that Romans

A)did not have a standardized language.
B)extended citizenship in degrees to most conquered populations.
C)did not impose taxes.
D)conquered only to obtain slaves.
E)had no system of government in place in the new territories.

Question 12

Who granted citizenship to all free adult male inhabitants of the Roman empire?

A)Caracalla
B)Caligula
C)Constantine
D)Diocletian
E)Augustus

Question 13

The covenant of protection between the gods and the Romans was called

A)pax romana.
B)lex cannulaia.
C)pax deorum.
D)articus fidele.
E)dvoeverie.

Question 14

Early Romans believed in invisible forces that were collectively known as

A)vesta.
B)spiritus.
C)pax.
D)numina.
E)deorum.

Question 15

Which body, though technically only an advisory council, was the real center of power in the Roman Republic?

A)The Council of Nobles
B)The Council of the Orders
C)The Senate
D)The Plebeian Council
E)The Congress of Monarchs

Question 16

Which factor most contributed to the development of "pax romana"?

A)thousands of miles of well-built roads
B)Roman military might
C)the growth of commerce
D)the leadership of rulers like Augustus
E)All of these are correct.

Question 17

During the Principate, Octavian allied himself with the

A)senators.
B)scribes.
C)plebes.
D)equites.
E)princeps.

Question 18

What factor caused a decrease in small farms in the Late Roman Republic?

A)wars that devastated land and made farming difficult
B)an economy primarily based on trade with the East
C)the growth of big estates and a shift to nonstaple crops
D)increased urbanization in the centralized Republic
E)deforestation

Question 19

The first Romans to reach China's court of Emperor Huan claimed to be envoys of which emperor?

A)Julius Caesar
B)Augustus Caesar
C)Marcus Aurelius
D)Nero
E)Commodus

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the Roman "Republic"?

A)Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic Senate.
B)Rome was not a democracy in the modern sense.
C)Sovereign power resided in an assembly of male citizens.
D)Two consuls presided over the Senate and commanded the military.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 21

What was buried with the Emperor Shi Huangdi in his elaborate tomb?

A)his sword
B)his wife
C)10,000 pounds of gold
D)an entourage of priests and servants
E)7,000 life-sized statues of his soldiers

Question 22

Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?

A)Rome had a strong monotheistic tradition.
B)Christians would not worship the emperor as a deity.
C)Rome required all citizens to learn about all world religions.
D)Christian theology demanded that all people live in a Christian utopia.
E)One of Christianity's aims was to overthrow dictators.

Question 23

The engineering expertise of the Romans is seen in all of these EXCEPT

A)aqueducts.
B)roads.
C)fortifications.
D)gothic cathedrals.
E)arches.

Question 24

How is the career of Paul an example of the "cosmopolitan" nature of the Roman Empire?

A)He limited his proselytizing to urban areas.
B)He only converted Romans to Christianity.
C)He refused to debase himself by using anything Roman.
D)He was able to use the benefits of Roman citizenship, roads, and cities to spread Christianity.
E)He found that both Jews and Christians readily accepted his views of Jesus as the messiah.

Question 25

The Qin ruler took the title Shi Huangdi , which meant

A)"First Emperor."
B)"Holy Man."
C)"First Among Equals."
D)"Great Warrior."
E)"Big Emperor."

Question 26

In an effort to increase his power, Shi Huangdi accomplished which of the following?

A)Cracked down on Confucians
B)Defeated rival states
C)Standardized legal practices
D)Forced organization of labor
E)All of the above.

Question 27

What city became the new imperial capital of the Roman Empire in 324 CE?

A)Damascus
B)Alexandria
C)Athens
D)Carthage
E)Constantinople

Question 28

Who reformed Rome in the third century CE and saved it from collapse?

A)Diocletian
B)Tiberius
C)Constantine
D)Brucellosis
E)Claudius

Question 29

Jesus Christ, executed by the Roman authorities as a revolutionary, was seen by his early followers, the Apostles, as

A)a rabbi.
B)the Messiah.
C)a military leader.
D)a philosopher.
E)a demi-god.

Question 30

What decree officially ended the persecution Christianity and guaranteed freedom of worship?

A)the Edict of Milvian Bridge
B)the Edict of Milan
C)the Proclamation of Rome
D)the Nicene Creed
E)the Code of Constantine

Question 31

One of the primary reasons Legalists in the Qin empire opposed the Confucians was that the latter .

A)desired wealth and business ownership
B)desired the independence of children
C)expected benevolent and nonviolent rulers
D)expected the rich to care for the poor
E)exalted rugged individualism

Question 32

Starting with the reign of Augustus, the Roman army was reorganized and redeployed to

A)face the threat from the Parthian Empire.
B)shift from an offensive to a defensive strategy.
C)fight several civil wars against other Romans.
D)allow non-Romans into the military.
E)invade Russia.

Question 33

Who founded the Qin Empire?

A)Li Si
B)Zheng
C)Maodun
D)Gaozu
E)Liu Bang

Question 34

Which of the following groups was not typically among the earliest converts to Christianity?

A)Women
B)The urban poor
C)Slaves
D)Patricians
E)None of these is correct.

Question 35

Which of the following would pose a huge military threat to China for centuries?

A)Confucian rebellions
B)legalist revolts
C)the Han conspiracy
D)the Xiongnu Confederacy
E)None of these are correct.

Question 36

One of the great construction projects of Shi Huangdi was

A)the canal system.
B)a system of interconnected roads.
C)connection of walls which ultimately made up The Great Wall.
D)the Forbidden City palace.
E)an elaborate irrigation system in the Northern provinces.

Question 37

What was the most visible symptom of Rome's "third-century crisis"?

A)A drained imperial treasury
B)The building of walls around Roman cities
C)Raids by Germanic tribesmen
D)The frequent change of rulers
E)The switch to a barter economy

Question 38

It was customary for young brides in China to

A)marry for love.
B)live with their husbands' families.
C)continue their education after marriage.
D)play a public role in their village.
E)take over family leadership from their mothers-in-law.

Question 39

What was one of the most important reasons for the economic decline in the third century CE?

A)Massive crop failures
B)Invasions of the Huns
C)Reversion to a barter economy
D)The transition to a wage economy
E)Inability to efficiently collect taxes within the empire

Question 40

Which philosopher believed that proper female behavior was exemplified by the three submissions?

A)Sima Qian
B)Confucius
C)Empress Lu
D)Ban Zhao
E)None of these is correct.

Question 41

Which of the following statements best describes the situation in the Han Dynasty upon the death of Gaozu?

A)Real power initially fell on his son Wu.
B)Subsequent rulers placated nomadic confederations with goods and political marriages.
C)Real power resided in his wife, Empress Lu.
D)Subsequent rulers immediately emphasized Legalism.
E)All of these are correct.

Question 42

Describe the Roman Principate.

Question 43

Which of the following was not a major Han innovation?

A)the horse collar
B)the saddle
C)the watermill
D)the aqueduct
E)None of these are correct.

Question 44

What was the basis of the Chinese social order under the Han dynasty? Describe the lives of the Chinese people during this period, paying particular attention to women's roles.

Question 45

Describe the rise of the Han dynasty in China.

Question 46

Discuss the impact of Jesus on his followers. What was the Roman context in which he lived and, ultimately, why was he executed?

Question 47

Explain the expansion of Christianity at the same time that Rome was in decline. Are these factors related?

Question 48

Which of the following is not generally considered a contributing factor to the fall of the Han Empire?

A)Corruption within the government
B)Attacks by non-Chinese across the frontiers
C)The frustration of hungry peasants
D)The subversive ideas of Buddhism
E)The failure of the Han reforms

Question 49

The leading export commodity of China during the Han was

A)cotton textiles.
B)rice.
C)silk.
D)tea.
E)porcelain.

Question 50

The well-planned urban capital of the Han dynasty was

A)Beijing.
B)Seoul.
C)Nanjing.
D)Chang'an.
E)Hong Kong.

Question 51

Who was the Chief astrologer for the Han dynasty Emperor Wu?

Question 52

Discuss the unification of China under the Qin dynasty. What policies did the first emperor, Shi Huangdi, establish to create a unified Chinese civilization?

Question 53

Discuss the role of Daoism and Buddhism in Chinese religion.

Question 54

Teachers of which belief system led frequent popular uprisings at the end of the Han dynasty?

A)alchemy
B)divination
C)confucianism
D)daoism
E)legalism

Question 55

How did Gaozu, the rebel leader who brought down the Qin empire, deal with the Xiongnu confederation threat?

A)He took a massive army north and defeated them soundly.
B)He adopted a policy of appeasement.
C)He formed an alliance with Mongols to wipe them out.
D)He incorporated them into the Han empire.
E)None of these are correct.

Question 56

Instructions: Answer the following question(s).
Compare and contrast the rise of the first unified Roman and Chinese empires from small states.

Question 57

Instead of calling himself emperor, the military dictator Octavian (Augustus)preferred this term, which means "first among equals."

Question 58

With did Constantine transfer the capital of the Roman Empire from its namesake city to Byzantium?

Question 59

The term of office for a senator in the Roman Republic was .