Deck 10: Qualitative Interviewing

Question 1

In relationship to the qualitative interviews, field notes should be written:

A) during the interview
B) weeks later
C) prior to the interview
D) promptly after completing the interview

Answer 1

promptly after completing the interview

Question 2

Qualitative interviews are based on a deliberate plan but are inherently flexible.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The majority of survey research is conducted using this type of interview schedule:

A) structured
B) semi-structured
C) unstructured
D) random

Answer 3

structured

Question 4

A great way to make sense of qualitative data is through:

A) thinking units
B) mental blocks
C) linear regression
D) none of these answers are correct

Question 5

Qualitative data analysis usually begins with data management and reduction.

Question 6

A structured interview schedule refers to a predetermined question and answer set.

Question 7

Reflexivity refers to objectivity in the interview process.

Question 8

Focus groups are not typically of value in the qualitative interview process.

Question 9

Which of the following is not utilized in the process of gaining access to formal organizations?

A) sponsor
B) cold call
C) letter
D) meeting

Question 10

Studying how people think is not an appropriate topic of study for a qualitative interview.

Question 11

Qualitative data may be recorded through a variety of mediums.

Question 12

As opposed to survey research, a qualitative interview is more:

A) data driven
B) interactive
C) difficult to do
D) linear

Question 13

Qualitative interviewing by its very nature is:

A) subjective
B) objective
C) hard
D) easy

Question 14

Which of the following is not a type of focus group:

A) natural group
B) artificial group
C) contrived group
D) all of these are types of focus groups

Question 15

Richness, meaning, and shared cultural values are important parts of the qualitative interview.

Question 16

A variety of approaches toward compensating research participants exist. One of the most rewarding is:

A) letting them see the data later
B) providing them with a stake in the project
C) using their information with no compensation whatsoever
D) none of these answers are correct

Question 17

____ is the most open style of interviewing:

A) unstructured
B) structured
C) quantitative
D) hybrid

Question 18

Which of the following is not a type of interview used in qualitative research?

A) structured
B) semi-structured
C) unstructured
D) all of these types of interviews are used in qualitative research

Question 19

Both structured and semi-structured interviews have standardized questions.

Question 20

High-caliber qualitative studies:

A) retain richness
B) recognize meaning
C) do not lose track of context
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 21

A clarification probe is used to:

A) better understand unclear material
B) push participants further
C) change a line of questioning
D) conduct structured interviews only

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a framework for designing qualitative interviews?

A) diachronic
B) synchronic
C) tetronic
D) all of these are frameworks for designing qualitative interviews

Question 23

The most basic level of compensation for participating in research is:

A) a pat on the back
B) payments, goods, and services
C) a job offer
D) all of the answers are correct

Question 24

Rapport is the process of:

A) connecting with participants
B) challenging participants
C) understanding oneself in the context of the participant
D) manipulating data to appease participants

Question 25

Atlas and NVIVO are examples of what?

A) random words
B) quantitative data-analysis programs
C) qualitative data-analysis programs
D) responses participants have given in qualitative studies

Question 26

Qualitative interviews are more effective than survey research in regard to:

A) validity
B) reliability
C) generalizability
D) reflexivity

Question 27

Qualitative data interpretation is different than that of quantitative data interpretation in that it accepts:

A) multiple realities
B) survey data
C) idealist perspective
D) linear regression in all circumstances

Question 28

Studying a topic such as robbery can best be accomplished through:

A) quantitative techniques
B) archived data
C) content analysis
D) qualitative interviewing

Question 29

Which of the following is a line of questioning relating to qualitative interviews:

A) tree-and-branch approach
B) mountain-and-peak approach
C) ocean-and-sea approach
D) none of these answers are correct

Question 30

Diachronic delivery of data starts at the beginning and progresses:

A) chronologically
B) backwards
C) evenly
D) randomly

Question 31

The relationship between synchronic questions and time is:

A) straightforward
B) nonexistent
C) linear
D) backwards

Question 32

The first step in gaining access to formal organizations is typically:

A) writing a letter
B) finding a sponsor
C) making a phone call
D) offering a financial reward

Question 33

All the information a researcher logs in the context of the qualitative interview is known as the:

A) qualitative data bank
B) memo
C) data log
D) audit trail

Question 34

Focus groups are especially useful in regard to learning about:

A) group dynamics
B) group process
C) group themes
D) all of the answers are correct

Question 35

The primary advantage of the unstructured interview is that it provides:

A) more specific data
B) more numerical data
C) more interaction with participants
D) more breadth of information

Question 36

Structured interviews consist of:

A) spontaneously created questions
B) predetermined questions and answer sets
C) time-specific responses
D) questions in hierarchical order

Question 37

Memoing is the process of:

A) taking notes during research
B) writing notes about the research process from beginning to end
C) challenging ones conceptions of data
D) recording field notes

Question 38

To understand the critical realist perspective, one most understand:

A) their stance on the nature of reality
B) the nature of morality
C) Marxism
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 39

The primary purpose of the probe in a line of questioning is to:

A) prompt participants into providing more detail
B) scare participants from participating in research
C) make participants uncomfortable during research
D) challenge participants to change their answers

Question 40

Most focus groups are interested in:

A) spontaneity and emergence of themes
B) gathering vast amounts of data
C) illicit specific participant response patterns
D) unblocking cognition

Question 41

A focus group is typically classified as a type of:

A) survey-based research
B) qualitative interview
C) forced interaction
D) advanced analytical technique

Question 42

Missing data in qualitative research serves as a type of:

A) analytical technique
B) focus groups
C) connector that accounts for what participants declined to mention
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 43

Grounded theory stems from:

A) quantitative techniques
B) analysis of patterns and themes
C) linear regression
D) diverse populations

Question 44

Unstructured interviews are typically best for what kind of study?

A) quantitative studies
B) qualitative studies
C) exploratory studies
D) correlational studies

Question 45

Qualitative interviews can occur:

A) face to face
B) online
C) over the phone
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 46

Participants are usually reluctant to participate in research studies when:

A) they aren't being paid
B) they do not know what is being done with the results
C) they feel threatened in some way
D) none of these answers are correct

Question 47

The term substantive frame refers to:

A) the purpose of the interview
B) what you plan on doing
C) the depth of interview questions
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 48

Thick descriptions describe action as well as understand what?

A) meanings of behaviors
B) meanings of text
C) quantitative results
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 49

A primary advantage of the semi-structured interview when compared to the structured interview is that it allows:

A) more data to by gathered
B) unscheduled probes to be used
C) cognitive changed to take place
D) multiple topics to be studied

Question 50

Gaining access to underground or illicit populations is best achieved through:

A) coercion
B) sponsors
C) luck
D) all of these answers are correct

Question 51

Metaphors and analogies in speech mark:

A) grounded theory
B) important concepts
C) structured interviews
D) epistemology

Question 52

Open coding is also defined as:

A) brainstorming
B) data reduction
C) ground theory
D) qualitative note-taking

Question 53

Mode of data analysis depends on:

A) research objectives
B) analytical techniques
C) population being studied
D) types of notes taken

Question 54

Which of the following types of researchers have NOT historically used qualitative interviews?

A) criminologists
B) sociologists
C) anthropologists
D) chemists

Question 55

The first step in creating questions is typically:

A) writing questions
B) determining whom you will interview
C) figuring out interview type
D) determining question format

Question 56

Follow-up questions are typically used during which interview?

A) the initial interview
B) the second interview
C) the third interview
D) none of these answers are correct

Question 57

Knowledge is typically constructed from:

A) a single perspective
B) multiple perspectives
C) the critical realist perspective
D) structural positivism

Question 58

Unstructured interviews take the following shape:

A) conversational shape
B) flat shape
C) survey questions
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 59

A qualitative interview involves ______ participants and researchers.

A) interaction
B) negotiation
C) data analysis
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 60

The best way to understand how and why people do things is to:

A) study them analytically
B) interact with them directly
C) observe them from afar
D) none of the answers are correct

Question 61

The interview schedule for focus groups can be:

A) structured
B) semi-structured
C) unstructured
D) all of the answers are correct

Question 62

Semi-structured interviews are helpful when:

A) there is no other choice of interview technique
B) gang members are being interviewed
C) two or more people are doing the interviewing
D) a variety of interview questions are needed

Question 63

The first step in gaining access to an organization or group of people is finding a (n) __________.

Question 64

In qualitative interviewing, these types of questions guide the interview process:

A) open-ended
B) closed-ended
C) probing
D) main

Question 65

A(n) ________ interview consists solely of predetermined questions.

Question 66

The more connected one is to a group, the more of a(n) __________  they are.

Question 67

______ is a technique that involves writing about the research process from beginning to end.

Question 68

Qualitative interviews are an important component of _______ research.

Question 69

In  a (n)            focus group individuals are acquainted and have an existing connection.

Question 70

A method in which draft descriptions are used to check accuracy of work is referred to as:

A) grounded theory
B) member checks
C) audit trail
D) data mining

Question 71

A key feature of qualitative interviewing is:

A) data
B) validity
C) contextualization
D) regression

Question 72

_______ interviews involve a mixture of questions that are predetermined and created on the spot.

Question 73

Before creating an interview schedule, a researcher ought to:

A) know who he/she is studying
B) create an outline
C) decided on the format of questions to use
D) all of the answers are correct

Question 74

_____ involve interviewing multiple people simultaneously.

Question 75

Questions do what with regard to participant's responses?

A) frame
B) nothing
C) contradict
D) motivate

Question 76

A method in qualitative interviewing used to check data involves looking for what type of cases?

A) obscure
B) positive
C) negative
D) irregular

Question 77

_______ refers to how a researcher connects with participants.

Question 78

The most basic level of incentive involves              for research participants.

Question 79

_______ refers to subjectivity in the research process.

Question 80

In a (n) _____ interview structure, time is irrelevant.