Deck 13: Instruction

Question 1

Which of the following is associated with increased student achievement?

A) Teachers' basic skills - especially verbal ability
B) Teachers having a major or minor in the subject they teach
C) The percentage of undergraduate classes taken at the 400 level
D) The teacher's family socio-economic status
E) Teacher's basic skills, especially verbal ability, and having a major or minor in the subject they teach

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following would best describe the cognitive perspective on learning?

A) Learning is demonstrated by changes in behavior.
B) Learning is based on the computerized information processing model.
C) Learning is built using existing knowledge that guides and scaffolds new learning.
D) Learning is best exemplified in a whole language approach to teaching.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following would not be considered a cognitive instructional practice?

A) Using operant conditioning
B) Offering opportunities for students to use both verbal stories and visual images
C) Focusing on meaning to the student and not memorization
D) Providing students with opportunities to learn meaningful and relevant vocabulary to build background knowledge
E) Providing for review and repetition of information in varied ways

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to the text, which of the following is not a factor in planning and preparing for teaching?

A) Knowing content and pedagogy
B) Knowing your students
C) Selecting instructional outcomes
D) Designing coherent instruction
E) Designing student assessments
F) Developing "withitness"

Question 5

Robert Marzano identified instructional strategies that increase student achievement. Which of the following was associated with the largest student percentile point gain?

A) Reinforcing effort and providing recognition
B) Graphic organizers
C) Identifying similarities and differences
D) Homework and practice

Question 6

Which of the following would best describe the constructivist perspective on learning?

A) Learning is a self-regulated process of resolving inner conflicts by making meaningful connections between familiar knowledge and beliefs and the new information.
B) Learning is best promoted by direct instruction.
C) Learning is best promoted when using crossbeams, girders, joists, and trusses.
D) Learning is best defined by Piaget's hierarchy of needs.

Question 7

Which of the following would not be considered a behaviorist instructional practice?

A) Setting clear and specific goals so you know what you want to reinforce
B) Attributing student success to effort and ability to build persistence and confidence
C) Using a variety of reinforcers and let the students select from among them
D) Adapting the consequence to fit the misbehavior
E) Bringing pigeons to class

Question 8

Understanding the value of good questioning, which of the following might be considered the poorest question related to Goldilocks and the Three Bears?

A) Who was Goldilocks and why was a little girl like her walking alone in the woods?
B) How many bears were there in the story and who were they?
C) How would the story have been different if everything were just right the first time she tried something?
D) Is the story a true one?

Question 9

Formative assessments are best defined as

A) The final assessment for a learning activity that results in a grade
B) The mid-point assessment in a learning activity that results in a partial grade for the subject
C) Ongoing assessments designed to monitor how well students are learning material associated with an activity and provide students feedback
D) Ongoing assessments designed to determine what the final grade should be after the feedback has been provided

Question 10

In questioning techniques, wait time is best described as

A) The interval teachers allow once a student begins answering a question and the time allowed to complete the answer
B) The interval teachers give after asking a question and before allowing students to respond that allows students to process the information
C) The interval between the time a student answers the question and the teacher's response to the answer
D) Abstinence

Question 11

Which of the following would not be considered a constructivist instructional practice?

A) Providing students with a variety of information resources and tools necessary to advance learning
B) Using a variety of assessment strategies to understand how students' ideas are evolving and to give feedback on the processes and products of student thinking
C) Asking students to apply knowledge in diverse and authentic contexts
D) Building a tool shed in shop class

Question 12

Which learning method has the greatest percentage of information retained by students?

A) Lecture
B) Reading along with the lecture
C) Audiovisual presentations
D) Learning by teaching others
E) Learning by doing
F) Discussion groups

Question 13

Research from Texas and Tennessee found that three consecutive years with effective versus ineffective teachers

A) Can make students' achievement appear to be either gifted or remedial
B) Can produce a 35 point difference in reading achievement
C) Can produce more than a 50 point difference in math achievement
D) None are true
E) All are true

Question 14

Linda Darling-Hammond's research shows that teacher preparation accounts for what percentage of the total achievement differences after considering students' ethnicity and family wealth?

A) 10-25%
B) 20-35%
C) 30-40%
D) 40-60%
E) 60-70%

Question 15

According to the text, which of the following is not a factor associated with building a receptive classroom environment?

A) Knowing content and pedagogy
B) Creating an environment of respect and rapport
C) Establishing a classroom culture for learning
D) Managing classroom procedures

Question 16

Which one of the following instructional strategies that increase student achievement had twice the percentile point gain of questions, cues, and advance organizers?

A) Identifying similarities and differences
B) Setting objectives and providing feedback
C) Cooperative learning
D) Generating and testing hypotheses

Question 17

Which of the following would best describe the behavioral perspective on learning?

A) Learning is brought about by operant conditioning.
B) Learning is demonstrated in observable changes in behaviors, skills, and habits.
C) Learning is defined through the internal mental activities of thinking, remembering, creating, and problem solving.
D) Learning is accomplished by rewards and punishments.

Question 18

Understanding the value of good questioning, which of the following might be considered the most effective question?

A) When did the United States invade Iraq?
B) Why did the United States invade Iraq in March, 2003?
C) What lessons did we learn from the Iraq War?
D) Do you feel the Iraq War has had any effect on Arab-U.S. relations today? Why or why not and what are the most important effects?

Question 19

Linda Darling-Hammond's research shows that teachers' instructional preparation is a stronger correlate of student achievement than

A) Class size
B) Overall spending
C) Teacher salaries
D) All are correct
E) None are correct

Question 20

Value-added studies in education are best described as

A) A research design that seeks to hire excellent teachers at a low salary and determine how they fare in the classroom
B) A research design where students are randomly assigned to teachers' classrooms and the teachers of selected students are told that the IQ of each student in the room exceeds 130 and then determining if those teachers worked more effectively with the students
C) A statistical technique that uses student achievement data over time to measure learning gains and estimate the impact that teachers and schools have on student learning apart from family and socioeconomic background
D) A statistical technique that measures student achievement over time where students are told that selected teachers are "the best in the school" and other students are told their teachers "are among the worst in the school," and determining the effect on student achievement of the value students place on their teachers

Question 21

Bob Marzano documents six learning methods that result in the percent of information students retain. List five of those activities in lowest retention to highest retention.

Question 22

As part of creating an environment of respect and rapport, explain "emotional objectivity" and provide an example of it in the classroom.

Question 23

List and provide three examples of how teachers can increase student engagement.

Question 24

List and explain the three general learning perspectives that influence instruction.

Question 25

Is teaching an art, a science, or a combination of both? Explain your answer with components of what all three sides might say.

Question 26

As part of creating an environment of respect and rapport, explain "withitness" and provide an example of how a teacher would demonstrate it in the classroom.