Deck 7: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Question 1

The bond angles of a tetrahedron are 120°.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct charge for a bromine anion?

A)1+
B)1 −
C)0
D)2 −

Answer 2

1 −

Question 3

In the context of the formation of cations, large jumps in ionization energy occur whenever an electron removal disrupts an electron configuration ending in  _____.

A)ns²
B)ns¹
C)np⁶
D)np⁴

Answer 3

np⁶

Question 4

An ionic bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction of oppositely charged ions.

Question 5

Chemical species are said to be isoelectronic if they have the same Lewis structure (regardless of charge). In order to achieve an electron configuration that is isoelectric with a noble gas, nonmetals tend to  _____.

A)gain electrons
B)lose electrons
C)form stable free radicals
D)both gain electrons and form stable free radicals

Question 6

When two s orbitals approach one another and overlap side to side, they form a pi bond .

Question 7

Alkali metals tend to form cations.

Question 8

Which of the following elements favors forming covalent bonds ?

A)Na
B)K
C)C
D)Ca

Question 9

The most stable rubidium cation has a charge of  _____.

A)3+
B)2+
C)1 −
D)1+

Question 10

Halogens tend to form anions.

Question 11

Ionic bonds are based on the sharing of pairs of electrons between two atoms .

Question 12

The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR)theory states that molecules assume a shape that allows them to minimize the repulsions between electron pairs in the valence shell of the central atom .

Question 13

Among the following substances, which is the most reactive ?

A)SiO₂
B)Sr(NO₃)₂
C)Cl₂
D)C₆H₁₂O₆

Question 14

In resonance structures, the positions of all electrons are identical; only the positions of the atoms are different .

Question 15

Widely separated atoms do not interact but will reach an optimal separation distance called the bond length and form a bond.

Question 16

The most stable aluminum cation has a charge of  _____.

A)3+
B)2+
C)1 −
D)1+

Question 17

The energy required to break a covalent bond is referred to as ionization energy .

Question 18

Which of the following electron configurations belongs to an atom that is most likely to be involved in an ionic bond?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²
B)1s²2s²2p⁶
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³
D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶

Question 19

Which of the following electron configurations belongs to an atom that is most likely to be involved in a covalent bond?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²
B)1s²2s²2p⁶
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³
D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶

Question 20

Which of the following elements can most easily form a cation ?

A)He
B)Na
C)Si
D)P

Question 21

The assignment of electrons in Lewis dot structures is limited to :

A)the "p" sub-orbital.
B)valence electrons.
C)the "d" sub-orbital.
D)only those in the first group.

Question 22

According to Coulomb's law, the force between two charges :

A)increases with the magnitude of charges.
B)decreases with the magnitude of charges.
C)does not depend on the magnitude of charges.
D)becomes quantum mechanically unstable at absolute zero temperature.

Question 23

What is the electron configuration of the calcium cation?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹
B)1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹3p⁶4s²
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶
D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰

Question 24

Multiple bonding results from the sharing of more than one electron pair. An example of this phenomenon is the double bond. In this case, the second bond is known as a  _____.

A)second single bond
B)polar bond
C)sigma bond
D)pi bond

Question 25

According to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, which molecule shape best describes the geometry of ammonia ?

A)Octahedral
B)Square planar
C)Trigonal planar
D)Trigonal pyramidal

Question 26

If the combined radii of each pair is assumed equal, which pair of atoms releases the most energy during the formation of an ion pair?

A)Na and Br
B)Al and S
C)Rb and F
D)K and O

Question 27

Which of the following molecules has the lowest polarity ?

A)KI
B)C₂H₆
C)Ce(NO₃)₃
D)H₂O

Question 28

According to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, which molecule shape best describes the geometry of SF ₆ ?

A)Octahedral
B)Square planar
C)Square pyramidal
D)Tetrahedral

Question 29

Draw the Lewis dot structure of nitrate. How many resonance states are possible?

A)3
B)2
C)1
D)0

Question 30

There are _____ valence electrons available for the Lewis dot structure for .

A)23
B)24
C)27
D)20

Question 31

Which of the following compounds illustrates sp³hybridization?

A)C₂H₄
B)CH₄
C)C₂H₂
D)V₂O₅

Question 32

Which of the following has the largest ionic radius?

A)Al³⁺
B)I ⁻
C)S
D)K⁺

Question 33

The symbol for chloride ion is  _____.

A)Cl ^-
B)Cl₂
C)
D)

Question 34

Which of the following has the largest radius?

A)Na ⁺
B)K⁺
C)Rb ⁺
D)Cs⁺

Question 35

Which of the following has the largest radius?

A)I ⁻
B)Br
C)Cl ⁻
D)F

Question 36

Which of the following statements is true of covalent bonds ?

A)They mostly involve interactions between alkali metals and halogens.
B)They are formed when electrons from one atom are transferred to another atom.
C)They involve a cationic rearrangement of atoms.
D)They are formed when a significant electron density builds up between two nuclei.

Question 37

Which hybridization best characterizes the C atom involved in a CH₄molecule?

A)sp
B)sp²
C)sp³
D)sp⁴

Question 38

Which of the following molecules has the highest polarity ?

A)NaCl
B)C₂H₆
C)HF
D)H₂O

Question 39

Which of the following illustrates the electron configuration of Ca ^{2 +} ?

A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶
B)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²
C)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰
D)1s²2s²2p⁶

Question 40

According to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory, what is the molecular geometry of PCl ₃ ?

A)Trigonal pyramidal
B)See-saw
C)Tetrahedral
D)T-shape

Question 41

The greater the difference in electronegativity, the less polar the bond .

Question 42

Electronegativity is an energy change that can be determined experimentally .

Question 43

According to the valence shell electron repulsion theory, a CH ₄ molecule assumes the shape of a _____.

A)tetrahedron
B)triangle
C)straight line
D)trigonal pyramid

Question 44

Small, highly charged ions tend to form i onic compounds with large lattice energies .

Question 45

How many resonance structures can be drawn for ?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4