Deck 13: the Respiratory System

Question 1

The nurse explains that the purpose of mucus is to:

A)warm the air entering the lungs.
B)trap particles and bacteria.
C)protect the cilia.
D)clean the sinus cavity.

Answer 1

trap particles and bacteria.

Question 2

The nurse points out to the student nurse that one of the patients she is caring for has an obstructive respiratory disorder.The student is correct in identifying the patient diagnosed with __________ as having an obstructive disorder.

A)atelectasis
B)lung cancer
C)Guillain-Barré syndrome
D)chronic bronchitis

Answer 2

chronic bronchitis

Question 3

After having the postoperative patient deep-breathe and cough,the nurse should offer:

A)a warm drink.
B)mouth care.
C)oxygen by mask.
D)an iced drink.

Answer 3

mouth care.

Question 4

When the nurse places the diaphragm of the stethoscope over one of the main bronchi,the expected normal breath sound heard is:

A)bronchovesicular.
B)bronchial.
C)rhonchi.
D)vesicular.

Question 5

A patient is admitted to the medical unit with an acute illness accompanied by a fever for the last 3 days.What will likely be the patient's respiratory response?

A)Hypercarbia
B)Respiratory alkalosis
C)Kussmaul's respirations
D)Respiratory acidosis

Question 6

A patient with emphysema enters the emergency room with severe dyspnea;O₂ saturation is 74%,pulse is 120,and respirations are 26.After positioning the patient in high Fowler's,the nurse should:

A)attempt to help the patient slow her respirations.
B)coach in pursed-lip breathing.
C)give oxygen at 5 L/min by nasal cannula.
D)reposition patient in orthopneic position.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient with COPD who has been in the hospital for several days.The patient complains of shortness of breath and asks the nurse to turn up his oxygen to compensate for his labored breathing.What is the best nursing response?

A)Turn up the patient's oxygen flow by 1 liter.
B)Call the physician for an order to turn up the oxygen.
C)Assess the patient in an attempt to identify the cause of the shortness of breath.
D)Ask the patient what he usually keeps his oxygen set on at home.

Question 8

The nurse reminds a group of retirees that age may alter the respiratory systems by: (Select all that apply.)

A)weakened cough.
B)kyphosis.
C)increased ciliary movement.
D)decrease in body fluid.
E)muscle weakness.

Question 9

The nurse clarifies that when interstitial edema occurs in the lung tissue,ventilation is inhibited by: (Select all that apply.)

A)thickened alveolar membranes.
B)pus formation.
C)alveoli filling with fluid.
D)surfactant evaporation.
E)failure of gas to diffuse across membrane.

Question 10

After auscultating a coarse low-pitched sonorous rattling in the left lower lobe,the nurse is concerned that the patient may be developing:

A)an accumulation of secretions in the larger air passages.
B)narrowing in the lower lobe of the lung.
C)irritation in the pleurae.
D)crackles in the left lower lobe.

Question 11

Using animation,the nurse demonstrates how most of the inspired oxygen is carried to the tissues by the:

A)plasma.
B)lymphatic system.
C)red blood cells.
D)white blood cells.

Question 12

The nurse uses a visual aid to show the mechanics of inhaling which correctly illustrates:

A)the diaphragm moves down.
B)the negative pressure of the lung converts to positive pressure.
C)muscles contract, pulling the rib cage down.
D)bronchi enlarge.

Question 13

When reviewing risk factors,the nurse correctly identifies which patient as having the greatest risk of throat cancer?

A)The patient who drinks 4 cups of coffee per day.
B)The patient who smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per week.
C)The patient who drinks several carbonated drinks per day.
D)The patient who drinks 4 vodka tonics per day.

Question 14

The nurse performing tracheal suctioning of the patient with a respiratory disorder should suction no longer than _____ seconds.

A)2 to 5
B)5 to 10
C)10 to 15
D)15 to 20

Question 15

The nurse assesses a patient's respirations who was recently admitted with a traumatic head injury.The nurse expects to find which type of breathing during the assessment?

A)Apneustic respiration
B)Cheyne-Stokes
C)Kussmaul's
D)Biot's

Question 16

The nurse explains that the substance that decreases the surface tension of the alveolar walls is:

A)plasma.
B)surfactant.
C)cilia.
D)mucus.

Question 17

The U.S.Public Health Service recommends influenza immunization for: (Select all that apply.)

A)physicians.
B)compromised infants.
C)older adults.
D)chronically ill people.
E)nurses.

Question 18

The nurse is aware that the patient is in respiratory failure when the blood gas findings are a PaO₂ of _____ mm Hg and a PaCO₂ of _____ mm Hg.

A)46; 52
B)50; 45
C)52; 42
D)55; 58

Question 19

The nurse explains that the mechanism that triggers rate and depth of respiration is based on:

A)ease of respiration.
B)alveolar pressure.
C)patency of bronchi.
D)blood pH.

Question 20

The nurse cautions each person prior to giving the influenza immunization that they should not take it if they are allergic to:

A)strawberries.
B)ragweed.
C)penicillin.
D)eggs.

Question 21

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 1

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli

Question 22

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 5

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli

Question 23

Place in the appropriate sequence the steps of auscultation of the chest.

Step: 4

A)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above clavicles.
B)Listen in midaxillary line to level of diaphragm.
C)Move stethoscope from side to side down midline of the chest.
D)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above scapulae.
E)Move stethoscope side to side on either side of the spine.

Question 24

Rapid opening and closing of the glottis combined with movement of the mouth,lips,and tongue is what makes _____________.

Question 25

The nurse describes the ability of the lungs to respond to change in the volume and pressure of inhaled air by expanding as lung __________.

Question 26

Place in the appropriate sequence the steps of auscultation of the chest.

Step: 1

A)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above clavicles.
B)Listen in midaxillary line to level of diaphragm.
C)Move stethoscope from side to side down midline of the chest.
D)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above scapulae.
E)Move stethoscope side to side on either side of the spine.

Question 27

The nurse notes physical signs of labored breathing,which include: (Select all that apply.)

A)grunting on expiration.
B)elevating shoulders and ribs on inspiration.
C)tensing neck and shoulder muscles.
D)substernal retraction.
E)productive cough.

Question 28

Place in the appropriate sequence the steps of auscultation of the chest.

Step: 3

A)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above clavicles.
B)Listen in midaxillary line to level of diaphragm.
C)Move stethoscope from side to side down midline of the chest.
D)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above scapulae.
E)Move stethoscope side to side on either side of the spine.

Question 29

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 2

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli

Question 30

The nurse uses a visual aid to show the "hinged door" that helps prevent aspiration.This "hinged door" is the __________.

Question 31

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 6

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli

Question 32

Place in the appropriate sequence the steps of auscultation of the chest.

Step: 2

A)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above clavicles.
B)Listen in midaxillary line to level of diaphragm.
C)Move stethoscope from side to side down midline of the chest.
D)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above scapulae.
E)Move stethoscope side to side on either side of the spine.

Question 33

The nurse explains that anorexia in the patient with a respiratory disorder may be attributed to: (Select all that apply.)

A)increased sense of taste.
B)bad taste in mouth.
C)fear that eating will exacerbate coughing.
D)fatigue.
E)altered sense of smell.

Question 34

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 3

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli

Question 35

Place in the appropriate sequence the steps of auscultation of the chest.

Step: 5

A)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above clavicles.
B)Listen in midaxillary line to level of diaphragm.
C)Move stethoscope from side to side down midline of the chest.
D)Place diaphragm of stethoscope above scapulae.
E)Move stethoscope side to side on either side of the spine.

Question 36

Matching
Trace the route of a molecule of oxygen inhaled from room air to the point of gas exchange.

Step: 4

A)Larynx
B)Left and right bronchi
C)Trachea
D)Oxygen is inhaled through the nose
E)Bronchioles
F)Alveoli