Deck 8: Oceania

Question 1

High islands are typically more prosperous than low islands because they have richer soils. ​

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Europeans, North Americans, and East Asians capitalized on the natural resources of the Pacific Islands by expanding farms of native island species such as mangoes, sugarcane, coffee, and livestock. ​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Island species are well-adapted to their natural environment and face little threat from outside species. ​

Answer 3

False

Question 4

With the exception of Australian and New Zealand, Oceania is dominated by tropical climates. ​

Question 5

France is the only colonial power that has not relinquished any of its colonies in the South Pacific. ​

Question 6

With the exception of Australia and New Zealand, most island nations have an even division of urban and rural dwellers. ​

Question 7

Micronesians and Polynesians are primarily descendants of the Austronesians. ​

Question 8

The three principal regions of the Pacific Islands are Tunisia, Tasmania, and Melanesia. ​

Question 9

At one time, all of Oceania was a colony of either Spain, the United States, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, or another powerful foreign country. ​

Question 10

In the Oceania region, the lowest population densities are found in the smallest island groups. ​

Question 11

The Oceania/Pacific region is comprised of thousands of islands. These islands are classified as high and low islands based on their latitude. High islands are near the poles and low islands are near the equator. ​

Question 12

Despite being the least populous region, the Oceania/Pacific region covers more of the Earth's surface than any other region. ​

Question 13

With the exception of Australia and New Zealand, the population of the Oceania/Pacific region is predominantly indigenous. ​

Question 14

Several Pacific countries have used the information technology revolution, sometimes in corrupt ways, to generate revenue. ​

Question 15

The highest population densities in Australia are located on the central northern border close to Papua New Guinea. ​

Question 16

Continental islands are called such because they themselves were once large continents that have broken, sunk, and been transformed through metamorphic processes into new islands. ​

Question 17

The countries of Oceania have some of the highest immigration rates in the world, as people move there for seasonable weather and employment. ​

Question 18

Papua New Guinea is the world's most linguistically diverse country, with approximately 850 languages spoken present on the island. ​

Question 19

The three principal regions of the Pacific Islands are Tunisia, Tasmania, and Melanesia. ​

Question 20

The four most populous countries in Oceania are Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Fiji. ​

Question 21

The Maori are the dominant indigenous group of New Zealand.

Question 22

A stationary _____ in the earth's mantle creates volcanic chains of high islands.

A)biodiversity hot spot
B)geologic hot spot
C)subduction zone
D)plate boundary
E)atoll

Question 23

What type of islands are New Zealand, Tasmania, and New Guinea?

A)continental
B)high
C)low
D)atolls
E)hot spots

Question 24

Outside of Australia and New Zealand, the majority of the Pacific Island population is of _____ origin. ​

A)Micronesian
B)European
C)Asian ​
D)aboriginal
E)indigenous

Question 25

Before the intrusion of outsiders, what were the economies of lowislands based on?

A)industry and manufacturing
B)tourism
C)subsistence agriculture
D)mining
E)foreign military

Question 26

Which three countries are the most populous in Oceania?

A)Australia, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands
B)Australia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea
C)Australia, New Zealand, Fiji
D)Australia, New Zealand, Fiji
E)Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea

Question 27

French Polynesians favor continued rule by the French, as the island relies on military revenue from France. ​

Question 28

Which outdated notion insists that certain environmental conditions always result in specific cultural traits?

A)Darwin affect
B)environmental predestination
C)environmental determinism
D)cultural determinism
E)irredentism

Question 29

Australia and New Zealand are former United States colonies and strongly reflect the U.S. heritage in ethnic composition and culture. ​

Question 30

Australia has always maintained an "open-door" policy to immigrants from Asia and the Middle East. ​

Question 31

What is the dominant biome and climate type of Australia? ​

A)humid continental
B)Mediterranean
C)tropical
D)oceanic
E)desert

Question 32

Antarctica is the driest and windiest continent in the world.

Question 33

After Australia, the second-largest country in Oceania in terms of land area is _____.

A)Papua New Guinea
B)New Zealand
C)Vanuatu
D)Fiji
E)New Caledonia

Question 34

Which sea separates Australia from New Zealand? ​

A)Banda Sea
B)Timor Sea
C)Coral Sea
D)Tasman Sea
E)Cook Sea

Question 35

The Antarctic Treaty divides the continent into eight zones, with each of the G-8 countries responsible for one zone. ​

Question 36

Conflicts between the Aborigines and white majority of Australia are most frequently about land rights. ​

Question 37

What is the population of the Oceania/Pacific region?

A)15 million
B)38 million
C)76 million
D)156 million
E)203 million

Question 38

Indigenous people make up a majority of the population in Australia and New Zealand. ​

Question 39

Antarctica's glaciers contain approximately 70% of the world's freshwater. ​

Question 40

Because of their long distance from industrialized nations, the islands of the Pacific are not likely to be affected by global warming and sea level rise. ​

Question 41

Greek for "many islands,"__________ is an area shaped like a large triangle with corners at New Zealand, Hawaii, and Easter Island.

Question 42

The islands of __________, Greek for "black islands,"are relatively large islands lying northeast of Australia. ​

Question 43

Pacific Island nations are threatened by sea level rise.What is the term for a country that has been drowned by the sea? ​

A)inundated state
B)deterritorialized state
C)flooded state
D)atlantis state
E)tropical depression state

Question 44

The _____ in the earth's stratosphere is seasonally centered over Antarctica, but thanks to the Montreal Protocol it is currently shrinking. ​

A)greenhouse effect
B)ozone hole
C)ice cap
D)aurora borealis
E)magnetic pole

Question 45

What is the largest industry in the Pacific region?

A)textiles
B)exports of fish
C)exports of plantation crops
D)tourism
E)information technology

Question 46

Thousands of scattered and small islands in the central and western Pacific, mostly north of the equator make up the region of __________.

Question 47

Exotic species, population growth, and development have had irreversible impacts on indigenous wildlife in __________, known as the "extinction capital of the world." ​

Question 48

Why is Australia called the "lucky country"? ​

A)Its population is particularly fertile and has high birth rates.
B)It has little to no ethnic conflict.
C)It has abundant natural resources.
D)It was colonized by Great Britain.
E)It is not a target of terrorists.

Question 49

What is the primary faith practiced by Pacific peoples? ​

A)Hinduism
B)Judaism
C)Islam
D)Christianity
E)Buddhism

Question 50

Which island is strategically important to the U.S. due to its status as apower projection hub that can be used as a forward base that is five days' sailing time closer to Asia than Hawaii? ​

A)Guam
B)Samoa
C)Fiji
D)Tuvalu
E)Nauru

Question 51

What is Papua New Guinea's most valuable export? ​

A)clothing
B)workers
C)minerals
D)cassava
E)sugar

Question 52

The residents of __________ __________ erected at least 900 Moai statues between 1200 and 1500, but deforestation of their land contributed to the demise of their civilization.

Question 53

Domesticated animals that have abandoned their dependence on people to resume life in the wild are called __________ animals. ​

Question 54

The official language of Papua New Guinea is _____, a mixture of English and other foreign words with indigenous vocabulary and grammar.

A)pidgin
B)papuan
C)indonesian
D)austronesian
E)Laua

Question 55

Aboriginal boys about to enter adulthood take a ritual journey called __________ that follows the path of his creator-ancestors. ​

Question 56

The remote locations and small human populations of some Pacific Islands have made them attractive sites for __________ weapons testing by the U.S. and France.

Question 57

About half of the world's languages are expected to disappear this century in what linguists call __________ __________, when a tongue's last speaker dies. ​

Question 58

Which migrant population likely originated in Taiwan and depended on fishing, farming, and domesticated animals for their livelihood?

A)Aborigines
B)Papuans
C)Austronesians
D)Torres Strait Islanders
E)Maori

Question 59

The diversion of Afghanistan's war refuges to Nauru to be held in detention centers in return for money from Australia is called the _____.

A)Australian Gitmo
B)Pacific Solution
C)Asylum Protection Policy
D)Asian Immigration Crisis
E)Stateless Dilemma

Question 60

The exposure of Melanesians to material goods from colonizing powers prompted the rise of __________ __________, millenarian movements that believe performing certain religious or mystical rituals will result in material wealth.

Question 62

The Oceania/Pacific region is comprised of many countries and thousands of islands. What are four characteristics of a typical island nation? ​

Question 64

How has environmental change from human activities affected the islands of Oceania?Why are they particularly vulnerable to change? ​

Question 65

List four of the seven major economic enterprises in Oceania.

Question 67

European exploration decimated the Pacific islanders and disrupted their culture in numerous ways.What did the explorers seek to gain from the islands, and what negative impacts did they introduce? ​

Question 68

Although there has never been permanent human habitation on Antarctica, it is still subject to environmental pressures.How have the waters around Antarctica been mismanaged, and what action has been taken to protect Antarctica's natural resources until 2048? ​

Question 69

Explain how continental islands, high islands, and low islands form. ​

Question 70

Despite their idyllic island appearances, atolls pose many natural hazards to human habitation.What are three factors that make human habitation on atolls difficult? ​

Question 71

One of the largest issues of contention between Australia's indigenous people and the white majority is land rights.Describe how the Native Title Bill and Wik Case expanded aboriginal rights to land. ​

Question 72

Colonization has resulted in ethnicstrife in the former British colony of the Solomon Islands.Explain how the actions of 1942 led to ethnic violence in 1999, and how the violence was settled in 2003. ​

Question 75

The coconut is of such vital importance to many low-island countries that they have been called "coconut civilizations." List three ways that islanders utilize coconuts.