Deck 36: the Endocrine System

Question 1

The nurse clarifies that the actual structural unit that secretes insulin is the:

A)pancreas.
B)islets of Langerhans.
C)beta cell.
D)alpha cell.

Answer 1

beta cell.

Question 2

The patient who has a glucose tolerance test scheduled for next week is instructed not to take which medication because it will adversely affect the test result?

A)Vitamin C
B)Antihypertensive agent
C)Birth control pills
D)Calcium supplement

Answer 2

Birth control pills

Question 3

The nurse is preparing a patient to undergo a test that will employ contrast media.Which finding in the patient's health history should be reported to the physician before the examination?

A)The patient was not NPO for at least 6 hours.
B)The patient takes prescribed potassium supplements.
C)The patient's food allergies include shrimp.
D)The patient did not take his morning dose of antihypertensive medication.

Answer 3

The patient's food allergies include shrimp.

Question 4

The nurse is aware that thyroid hormone production is dependent on the intake of:

A)protein and iodine.
B)fats and vitamins.
C)carbohydrates and minerals.
D)sodium and potassium.

Question 5

The nurse explains that the function of aldosterone is to:

A)conserve water.
B)excrete sodium.
C)constrict blood vessels.
D)excrete phosphorus.

Question 6

The long-term diabetic has had a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA?c)test done to evaluate the effectiveness of his glucose control.The nurse evaluates the laboratory report of 5% to indicate that the effectiveness of the glucose control is:

A)excellent.
B)good.
C)fair.
D)poor.

Question 7

The nurse clarifies that endocrine glands,as opposed to exocrine glands:

A)can put their secretions directly into the bloodstream.
B)must use a duct to put their secretions into the bloodstream.
C)must hold their secretions in a reservoir until they are needed by the body.
D)can produce constantly for body needs.

Question 8

The nurse is aware that because of the reduced levels of cortisol,the older adult finds it difficult to deal with:

A)illness.
B)stress.
C)fatigue.
D)heat.

Question 9

When caring for a patient who is having a 17-ketosteroid (17-KS)test done,the nurse will need to provide:

A)a low-purine diet for the day of the test.
B)a method to keep the urine container chilled for 24 hours.
C)frequent high-calorie drinks during the test.
D)antacids to reduce the acidity of the urine.

Question 10

The nurse explains that when an endocrine gland begins to hypersecrete,the usual cause is:

A)hyperplasia.
B)inflammatory process.
C)allergic response.
D)autoimmune response.

Question 11

Mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids are the products of the:

A)adrenal cortex.
B)adrenal medulla.
C)pancreas.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 12

The nurse explains that,although thyroid hormone levels decrease with advancing age,the reduction in output of the gland is offset by the:

A)decreased rate of thyroid hormone breakdown.
B)increased level of calcium.
C)increased level of phosphorus.
D)decreased mineralocorticoids.

Question 13

The androgenic hormones are secreted by the:

A)adrenal cortex.
B)adrenal medulla.
C)pancreas.
D)pituitary.

Question 14

The nurse explains that the hormone that acts on bone to release calcium into the blood is:

A)thyroxine (T4).
B)thyrocalcitonin.
C)triiodothyronine (T3).
D)parathormone.

Question 15

The nurse instructs the patient that,before having a thyroid panel done,the patient should omit taking ______ for two days before the test.

A)aspirin
B)antacids
C)diuretics
D)multivitamins

Question 16

The gland that secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine is:

A)thyroid.
B)pituitary.
C)pancreas.
D)adrenal medulla.

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been experiencing infertility.Inadequate levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)have been identified.The patient correctly verbalizes what outcome of the reduced hormone level?

A)"This hormone is responsible for maintaining my secondary sex characteristics."
B)"The swelling I experience during my menstrual cycle is the result of this hormone."
C)"This hormone is responsible for the irregularity of my menstrual cycle."
D)"Luteinizing hormone works to stimulate ovulation and the production of progesterone."

Question 18

An 80-year-old diabetic is to be tested with the fructosamine assay instead of the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA?c)test because the fructosamine assay:

A)can evaluate level of ketoacidosis.
B)is less influenced by age.
C)determines the amount of circulating glucose.
D)is more accurate for type 2 diabetes.

Question 19

The corticoid that counteracts the inflammatory response is:

A)thyroxine.
B)cortisol.
C)insulin.
D)norepinephrine.

Question 20

The only gland that is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland is the:

A)thyroid.
B)hypothalamus.
C)pancreas.
D)parathyroid.

Question 21

The nurse lists the various body processes in which the endocrine system is involved,which include: (Select all that apply.)

A)regulation of metabolism.
B)growth rate.
C)physical development.
D)sexual function.
E)reproductive process.
F)None of the above.

Question 22

The nurse explains that,when the target tissue signals that the need for a specific hormone is satisfied,the endocrine gland inhibits the secretion.This process is called _____________.

Question 23

The nurse is aware that endocrine disorders are caused by: (Select all that apply.)

A)overproduction of hormone.
B)long periods of limited mobility.
C)underproduction of hormone.
D)severe viral infections.
E)effects of certain drugs.

Question 24

The nurse lists the age-related changes to the endocrine function as: (Select all that apply.)

A)the pituitary gland becoming larger.
B)metabolism declining.
C)blood glucose levels rising.
D)decreasing level of epinephrine.
E)decreasing level of thyroxine.

Question 25

The nurse is caring for a patient undergoing the fluid deprivation test.The nurse correctly recognizes that this test is used to assess for which condition?

A)Diabetes insipidus
B)Diabetes mellitus
C)Hypothyroidism
D)Hyperparathyroidism

Question 26

The physician has ordered cortisol level testing for a patient.When planning the test,what information should be provided to the patient?

A)The patient will need to be NPO for 6 hours before the procedure.
B)Increases in activity levels during the testing period will increase the reliability of results.
C)Blood samples will be collected periodically during both the day and night.
D)Sodium intake should be limited during the day before the test.

Question 27

The nurse uses a visual aid to show the hormones the anterior pituitary secretes,including: (Select all that apply.)

A)growth hormone (GH).
B)thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
C)antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
D)follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
E)luteinizing hormone (LH).