Deck 8: Emerging and Young Adulthood

Question 1

Spacing births at least three to five years apart

A)improves breastfeeding rates.
B)increases a baby's survival rate.
C)can lead to greater uterus and cervix abnormalities.
D)does little to improve the health and well-being of children and mothers.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In young adulthood, a new stage has emerged known as

A)pre-adulthood.
B)partial adulthood.
C)suspended adulthood.
D)emerging adulthood.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Instrumental communication

A)focuses on identifying goals and finding solutions.
B)is the type of communication that is vital at the beginning of a marriage to decrease conflict.
C)expresses emotions in a sensitive fashion.
D)is a style of communication associated with women and their desire to communicate in great detail.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Having a perspective that is sensitive to how others feel is called _________ communication and in general is more common among ___________.

A)instrumental; women
B)instrumental; men
C)expressive; women
D)expressive; men

Question 5

Which of the following characterizes Levinson's stage for young adulthood (ages 22-28)?

A)Initial choices in love, occupation, friendship, values, life-style
B)Change in life structure, moderate change or stressful crisis
C)Establish a niche in society, progress on a time table in family and career accomplishments
D)Life structure comes into question

Question 6

Discuss the difference in communication styles between men and women. What is the difference between instrumental and expressive communication? How might these differing styles cause conflict in a relationship?

Question 7

Discuss the implications of substance abuse on the population of this country. Include the following topics in your discussion: aggression, domestic violence, child abuse, sexual assault, health care costs, and accidents.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE about premenstrual syndrome?

A)The DSM IV classifies a form of PMS as a psychiatric disorder.
B)Almost all women experience one or more symptoms of PMS.
C)Research indicates that stereotypical ideas of PMS influence a woman's symptoms.
D)PMS is associated with breast tenderness, a bloated feeling, and irritability.

Question 9

The chance of a woman developing breast cancer in her lifetime is

A)1 in 3.
B)20%.
C)1 in 9.
D)35%.

Question 10

Discuss the influence of divorce on modern society. What explanations are there for the divorce rate?  What are the consequences of divorce? Discuss some ideas for preventing divorce.

Question 11

The major difference in the way adolescents and young adults use their cognitive skills to problem-solve is

A)adolescents are able to demonstrate greater objectivity.
B)young adults are able to tolerate the ambiguity of life experiences.
C)adolescents are better able to more effectively access what they have learned in school.
D)young adults are better able to understand the world in terms of themselves.

Question 12

What is rape trauma syndrome? Discuss the symptoms experienced as clustered in the following phases: disorganization, controlled, and reorganization phase. What factors can assist an individual in recovering from a rape?

Question 13

Discuss the factors that contribute to depression in women. Why is depression more prevalent in women than in men? Discuss contributing factors. Discuss how factors such as age, race, sexual orientation, or poverty might also contribute.

Question 14

According to Piaget, young adulthood is a time when a person should attain

A)formal operational thought.
B)concrete operational thought.
C)preoperational thought.
D)sensori-operational thought.

Question 15

Cyndi just met with a client, Sarah, who is struggling with a drug addiction. Sarah insisted that she has been clean for 6 months. Sarah's tone indicated that she was sincere but her facial expression indicated the opposite. Most likely Cyndi will believe that

A)her client is lying because most communication is communicated through facial expression.
B)her client is telling the truth because most communication is communicated through verbal content and vocal expression.
C)her client is lying because she is an addict and addicts always lie.
D)her client is telling the truth because she seems like a nice person who is really trying.

Question 16

The adult is better able to harness formal operational thinking than an adolescent due to the following EXCEPT

A)reduced egocentrism.
B)greater education.
C)more experience.
D)greater subjectivity.

Question 17

The most common cause of cancer death among early adult males is

A)testicular cancer.
B)lung cancer.
C)skin cancer.
D)brain tumors.

Question 18

Which group has the worst health statistics?

A)Women of color
B)Men of color
C)White men
D)White women

Question 19

Define the term internalized homophobia. What factors decrease the risk of internalized homophobia? What are some approaches to take when working with an individual with internalized homophobia?

Question 20

Discuss conflict in a marital relationship. Is conflict inevitable? What factors contribute to poor outcomes in relationships? What are appropriate ways for couples to handle conflict?

Question 21

Gay and lesbian adults

A)are not allowed to legally marry in any US state.
B)can experience internalized homophobia, or negative feelings about their own sexual orientation.
C)are more comfortable sharing their identities when their jobs are more prestigious.
D)are not religious because religious people are homophobic.

Question 22

According to new theories of love cited in the text, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Adults who experience anxious-ambivalent relationships may be reliving experiences from infancy.
B)Most romantic love relationships will become companionate love relationships as passion fades.
C)Maintaining a consummate love relationship including intimacy, passion, and commitment is difficult.
D)Passion refers to the warmth and closeness shared in a relationship.

Question 23

Loneliness is the same as the following EXCEPT

A)isolation from peers, family, and colleagues.
B)not obtaining the desired level of personal satisfaction from intimate personal relationships.
C)having fewer interpersonal relationships than desired.
D)a distressed feeling over the quality of one's social relationships.

Question 24

According to the text, one of the most frequently identified issues of couples seeking counseling is

A)sexual problems.
B)child-raising issues.
C)finances.
D)communication.

Question 25

Jack and Katie have been married for 15 years. They are still each other's best friends. Each reports a satisfying sex life together. Though they have two children, they manage to go out on a "date" at least twice a month and to take a romantic weekend away together without the kids once a year. According to Sternberg's triangular love theory, this type of relationship might best be classified as

A)a fantasy.
B)consummate love.
C)romantic love.
D)mature love.

Question 26

Which of the following statements is supported by research?

A)Single women are happier than single men.
B)Single people rate themselves as equally happy as married people.
C)Single men are happier than single women.
D)Single people rarely feel lonely.

Question 27

The majority of mental illnesses become evident in ________ and __________.

A)late adolescence; early adulthood
B)middle childhood; early adolescence
C)early adulthood; middle adulthood
D)late adolescence; middle adulthood

Question 28

The developmental task of identity is initiated in _________, and in _____________ is becoming established.

A)adolescence; early adulthood
B)middle childhood; adolescence
C)young adulthood; middle adulthood
D)adolescence; middle adulthood

Question 29

Studies have related the causes of homosexuality to

A)sexual abuse as a child.
B)dysfunctional family interactions.
C)increased psychopathology among homosexuals.
D)some biologically based factors.

Question 30

The transition to parenthood can be made easier for new parents by

A)giving prospective parents realistic expectations and information about parental responsibilities.
B)encouraging prospective parents to read parenting books that emphasize the positive aspects of parenting.
C)avoiding mentioning any of the negative aspects of parenthood so new parents do not develop negative attitudes before the child is born.
D)not talking about the realities of dealing with a newborn.

Question 31

The following are associated with causes of divorce, EXCEPT

A)financial problems.
B)communication problems.
C)sexual problems.
D)parenting problems.

Question 32

Which of the following statements is TRUE about young adults' expectations of marriage?

A)Most young adults have a realistic view of the adjustments required in a marriage.
B)Most young adults have a realistic view of the adjustments required in a marriage.
C)Many marriages fail due to unrealistic expectations.
D)Most young adults do not have any expectations of marriage.

Question 33

A factor that might be likely to produce a favorable prognosis to schizophrenia is

A)a good social and work environment prior to the onset of the disorder.
B)an onset that occurs at a young age.
C)high dopamine activity in the subcortical area of the brain.
D)all of the above.

Question 34

The following are reasons the percentage of couples who are childless is increasing EXCEPT

A)decrease in fertility.
B)couples marrying at later ages.
C)women seeking career opportunities.
D)economic decline.

Question 35

Strategies that social workers can use to empower African-American families in treatment include all of the following EXCEPT

A)focusing on the treatment of the women and children in the family.
B)capitalizing on the strengths of the African-American community by conducting multi-family therapy sessions.
C)bringing spirituality and religion into practice.
D)working with the people who traditionally hold the power in families to target change.

Question 36

Homophobia

A)exists primarily in the working and middle classes of society.
B)describes an irrationally negative attitude toward homosexual people.
C)and negative stereotypes of homosexual people may have recently begun to increase.
D)does not exist anymore.

Question 37

Which of the following is not a known factor to contribute to depression among women?

A)An unhappy marriage
B)Children
C)Poverty
D)Breastfeeding

Question 38

The institution of marriage and family has changed,

A)as very few American families now match the idealized image of the nuclear family.
B)as people have become more willing to sacrifice for the sake of the marriage.
C)but 30% of families still consist of a married couple with two or more children, the husband as the primary breadwinner and the wife as the homemaker.
D)but most Americans still opt for marriage in their early twenties.

Question 39

According to Erikson, a major psychosocial task of young adulthood is the development of

A)autonomy.
B)intimacy.
C)independence.
D)generativity.

Question 40

The ____________ dimension of non-verbal communication is expressed through one's facial movements, voice-tone, and voice value.

A)potency
B)responsiveness
C)like-dislike
D)None of the above

Question 41

When is alcohol and drug use at its peak?

A)Adolescence
B)Emerging adulthood
C)Middle adulthood
D)Late adulthood

Question 42

Which of the following statements is FALSE about families of divorce?

A)Families of divorce have higher rates of psychiatric disturbances.
B)Families of divorce suffer higher rates of depression, anxiety, and drug use.
C)Families of divorce may be more susceptible to infection and disease.
D)Families of divorce feel less in control of their lives.

Question 43

Men and women grieve a fetal loss in different ways. Fathers report that intense grieving lasts less than ___________, and mothers report that intense grieving lasts up to ____________.

A)2 weeks; 6 months
B)1 month; 1 year
C)2 days; 2 months
D)6 months; 6 years

Question 44

In the early 20s and mid- to late-20s age groups, the percentage of men and women who remain single has ____________.

A)stayed the same
B)declined
C)more than doubled
D)increased slightly

Question 45

According to Newman and Newman (1985), which of the following components is NOT essential in successful adjustment to the workplace?

A)Development of interpersonal relationships with peers
B)The use of technical skills
C)Application of knowledge obtained at the collegiate and/or graduate level
D)Development of authority relations

Question 46

Duckworth and colleagues (2007)described the importance of both passion and ________ in adult achievement.

A)grit
B)discipline
C)promptness
D)organization

Question 47

The text explains that women may be less happy as housewives because

A)they are socially isolated.
B)they are not respected by their husbands for the work they do.
C)the role carries a negative connotation.
D)they are socially isolated and the role carries a negative connotation.

Question 48

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning families with disabled members?

A)These families may face financial difficulties.
B)In order to function smoothly, families should put the needs of the disabled member before the needs of the individual members.
C)These families face increased stress.
D)Respite services for parents are not always available.

Question 49

This/these sexually transmitted disease(s)(STD)can be transmitted primarily through genital, oral-genital, and genital-anal contact and develop(s)as bumps on the affected areas.

A)Genital warts
B)Gonorrhea
C)Herpes
D)Genital warts and herpes

Question 50

The following statement about love is TRUE:

A)Love can conquer all problems.
B)True love will last forever.
C)Passion often decreases, but intimacy keeps increasing.
D)You have no control over love.

Question 51

Which of the following is/are a type/types of sexual harassment from a legal viewpoint?

A)Passive aggressive harassment
B)Quid pro quo
C)Environmental harassment
D)Quid pro quo and environmental harassment

Question 52

Which of the following statements is FALSE about women in the workforce?

A)Discrimination and inadequate opportunities remain significant obstacles for women.
B)Women experience job segregation on the basis of gender.
C)Female-dominated professions earn less than male-dominated professions even when skill levels and responsibilities are similar.
D)Less than half of women work outside the home.

Question 53

Which mandate(s)occupy/occupies the traditional female role?

A)Marriage mandate
B)Career mandate
C)Motherhood mandate
D)Marriage and motherhood mandates

Question 54

It is more difficult for low-income families in the US to keep up with living costs than it was 30 years ago because they currently spend ____ of their income on rent and utilities, as opposed to ____.

A)35%; 50%
B)75%; 35%
C)50%; 35%
D)75%; 50%

Question 55

Which of the following is TRUE regarding violence against women?

A)Approximately one of every 15 women has been raped in her lifetime.
B)Women are 10 times more likely to be physically abused by an intimate partner than a stranger.
C)Low-income African-American married women are more likely to be victims of assault and rape.
D)Women experience rape trauma syndrome less often than men because they are more fearful of becoming a rape victim in their daily lives.

Question 56

Research has shown that gay and lesbian parents

A)are as committed to and as effective with children as are heterosexual parents.
B)have children who are more likely to be gay or lesbian.
C)are more likely to abuse their children.
D)are more likely to live in poverty.

Question 57

The text specifically states that unemployment rates are critical for

A)African Americans and Hispanics.
B)Asians and Native Americans.
C)Caucasian males.
D)African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans.

Question 58

The reason infertility is increasing is due to a(n)

A)increase in sexually transmitted diseases.
B)delay in childbearing until later years.
C)increase in the percentage of interracial marriages.
D)increase in sexually transmitted diseases and a delay in childbearing until later years.

Question 59

According to the text, what is NOT a factor in the increase in divorce rates?

A)Greater acceptance of divorce by society
B)Greater independence of women
C)Decline of family values
D)People seek their own self-fulfillment and do not make sacrifices for each other.

Question 60

Married people who come from different religious backgrounds

A)expose their children to both religions if they do not have conflicting ideologies.
B)are less common now than 30 years ago.
C)do not hold devout religious beliefs.
D)must figure out how to integrate their religious beliefs into an agreeable plan for the family.