Deck 6: The Muscular System

Question 1

Which muscle extends the hip when walking and climbing?

A)gluteus maximums
B)biceps femoris
C)gastrocnemius
D)sartorius
E)quadriceps femoris

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which muscle is the "calf muscle"?

A)gluteus maximums
B)biceps femoris
C)gastrocnemius
D)sartorius
E)quadriceps femoris

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Reciprocal innveration means that the ____.

A)antagonist muscle groups contract at the same time
B)antagonist muscle groups relax at the same time
C)antagonist muscle groups alternate contraction and relaxation
D)synergistic muscle groups contract at the same time
E)synergistic muscle groups relax at the same time

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which muscle lifts and braces the shoulder?

A)biceps brachii
B)pectoralis major
C)triceps brachii
D)deltoid
E)trapezius

Question 5

Which muscle is involved in shrugging your shoulders?

A)serratus anterior
B)external oblique
C)rectus abdominis
D)latissimus dorsi
E)trapezius

Question 6

Together, all muscle types make up what percentage of the body?

A)20 percent
B)30 percent
C)40 percent
D)50 percent
E)60 percent

Question 7

Which cell characteristic is associated with skeletal muscle?

A)involuntary
B)no striations
C)can contract without neural stimulation
D)multinucleated
E)gap junctions allow coordinated contractions

Question 8

Skeletal muscle fibers are composed of ____.

A)cells
B)nuclei
C)myofibrils
D)epithelial tissue
E)bursa

Question 9

Which muscle makes up the bulk of the shoulder?

A)biceps brachii
B)pectoralis major
C)triceps brachii
D)deltoid
E)trapezius

Question 10

Which muscle is the largest back muscle?

A)serratus anterior
B)external oblique
C)rectus abdominis
D)latissimus dorsi
E)trapezius

Question 11

Which muscle straightens the forearm?

A)biceps brachii
B)pectoralis major
C)triceps brachii
D)deltoid
E)trapezius

Question 12

Which muscle is the antagonist of the quadriceps femoris group?

A)hamstrings
B)gluteus maximus
C)sartorius
D)gastrocnemius
E)tibialis anterior

Question 13

Which muscle produces the action of a sit up?

A)serratus anterior
B)external oblique
C)rectus abdominis
D)latissimus dorsi
E)trapezius

Question 14

Which type of muscle makes up the majority of the body's muscle tissue?

A)smooth
B)cardiac
C)involuntary
D)skeletal
E)neural

Question 15

When the biceps brachii muscle contracts the forearm moves towards the upper arm. Based on this movement, on which bone is the biceps brachii insertion?

A)scapula
B)clavicle
C)humerus
D)femur
E)radius

Question 16

Which muscle assists in pushing movements of the arm?

A)serratus anterior
B)external oblique ​
C)rectus abdominis
D)latissimus dorsi
E)trapezius

Question 17

Which muscles are found in the walls of small blood vessels and airways?

A)cardiac and smooth
B)cardiac and skeletal
C)smooth and skeletal
D)only skeletal
E)only smooth

Question 18

Which structure reduces friction around tendons?

A)ligaments
B)bursae
C)origins
D)insertions
E)myofibrils

Question 19

Which muscle extends the leg at the knee?

A)gluteus maximums
B)biceps femoris
C)gastrocnemius
D)sartorius
E)quadriceps femoris

Question 20

Which muscles are involuntary?

A)cardiac and smooth
B)cardiac and skeletal
C)smooth and skeletal
D)only skeletal
E)only cardiac

Question 21

What is released into the neuromuscular junction to produce a muscle contraction?

A)calcium
B)acetylcholine
C)potassium
D)sodium
E)chloride

Question 22

Rigor mortis occurs when ____.

A)ATP levels fall
B)calcium levels rise
C)potassium levels fall
D)acetylcholine stimulates contraction
E)ADP is produced

Question 23

The theory that describes how skeletal muscles contract is the ____.

A)sarcomere shortening theory
B)rigor mortis theory
C)Z-line movement theory
D)spring filament theory
E)sliding filament theory

Question 24

Botox used in cosmetic medicine blocks ____.

A)ATP production
B)ACh release
C)the ability of motor neurons to have electrical impulses
D)oxygen transport
E)ACh receptors

Question 25

Which molecule causes actin and myosin to detach?

A)ATP
B)calcium
C)potassium
D)acetylcholine
E)ADP

Question 26

During a muscle contraction, electrical impulses travel to the interior of the cell through ____.

A)t-tubules
B)endoplasmic reticulum
C)troponin
D)tropomyosin
E)sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

The ion required for skeletal muscle contraction is ____.

A)chloride
B)potassium
C)calcium
D)phosphate
E)ATP

Question 28

Red muscle fibers are red because they contain large amounts of ____.

A)glucose
B)ribosomes
C)ATP
D)myoglobin
E)hemoglobin

Question 29

In a contracted sarcomere, ____.

A)there is little overlap of actin and myosin
B)the Z lines are close together
C)the sarcomere length has increased
D)power strokes are inhibited
E)the overall muscle is relaxed

Question 30

Which description of skeletal muscle is correct?

A)Each cell contains one nucleus.
B)The fibers and filaments are arranged in parallel.
C)Sarcomeres work in opposite directions during contraction.
D)Actin power strokes produce the contraction.
E)The thin filaments are situated in the middle of each sarcomere.

Question 31

During a skeletal muscle contraction ATP energizes ____.

A)myosin
B)actin
C)Z lines
D)sarcomere
E)ADP

Question 32

Calcium is stored and released by the ____.

A)t-tubules
B)sarcomere
C)troponin
D)tropomyosin
E)sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 33

Which structure marks the ends of a sarcomere?

A)cell
B)myofibril
C)Z line
D)actin
E)myosin

Question 34

Which characteristic is NOT associated with red muscle fibers?

A)myoglobin
B)fast fibers
C)many blood vessels
D)make up postural muscles
E)large amounts of oxygen

Question 35

A tennis player suffered an injury after a long match. Her elbow was significantly swollen and irritated. She most likely damaged what structure in her elbow joint?

A)ligaments
B)bursae
C)cartilage
D)synovial membrane
E)myofibrils

Question 36

Which protein blocks the interaction sites that produce skeletal muscle contraction?

A)actin
B)myosin
C)troponin
D)tropomyosin
E)sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 37

Calcium binds directly to which muscle protein?

A)actin
B)myosin
C)troponin
D)tropomyosin
E)sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 38

The basic unit of contraction in a skeletal muscle is ____.

A)the cell
B)the myofibril
C)a sarcomere
D)actin
E)myosin

Question 39

The nerve cell that controls skeletal muscle contraction is the ____.

A)t-tubule
B)troponin neuron
C)spinal neuron
D)motor neuron
E)motor axon

Question 40

The thick filaments of skeletal muscle ____.

A)are composed of proteins with a double head and tail
B)are composed of actin
C)are attached to Z lines
D)make up the light bands of the muscle
E)are bead-like proteins

Question 41

The first metabolic pathway by which ATP is made in an active muscle cell is ____.

A)glycolysis
B)aerobic pathway
C)Krebs cycle
D)creatine phosphate transfer
E)electron transport system

Question 42

The force a contracting muscle exerts to move an object is muscle ____.

A)tone
B)tension
C)power
D)work
E)energy

Question 43

The motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls are known as a ____.

A)myofibril
B)muscle unit
C)sarcomere
D)muscle tetanus
E)motor unit

Question 44

A painful muscle contraction that does immediately release is a(n)____.

A)cramp
B)dystrophy
C)atrophy
D)sarcoma
E)tear

Question 45

To stand upright for a long period of time without moving, the muscles of the back must produce which type of contraction?

A)isotonic
B)isometric
C)isocentric
D)eccentric
E)concentric

Question 46

The state during which muscle cells require more ATP than cellular respiration can provide is known as ____.

A)summation
B)tetanus
C)paralysis
D)lactic acid debt
E)oxygen debt

Question 47

The benefits of aerobic exercise include all of the following EXCEPT an ____.

A)increased number of mitochondria
B)increased blood supply
C)increased supply of myoglobin
D)increased number of fibers in a motor unit
E)increased activity of lipoprotein lipase

Question 48

Which of the following produces muscle tetanus?

A)low levels of acetylcholine
B)high levels of creatine phosphate
C)anaerobic metabolism
D)repeated stimulations over short periods of times
E)decreased levels of calcium

Question 49

Motor units containing only a few hundred muscles are found where?

A)arm
B)eye
C)back
D)thigh
E)neck

Question 50

Myotonic muscular dystrophy ____.

A)occurs from overuse
B)is usually seen in adults
C)is the most common form in children
D)is life-threatening
E)usually affects muscles of the chest and back

Question 51

Strength training involves ____.

A)activities like jogging and swimming
B)intense, short duration activity
C)decreased number of myofibrils
D)involving more enzymes in aerobic activity
E)producing muscles with higher endurance

Question 52

The infectious disease that produces spastic paralysis is ____.

A)botulism
B)scaroma
C)duchenne muscular dystrophy
D)tetanus
E)myotonic muscular dystrophy

Question 53

A single contraction of all the muscle fibers in a motor unit is known as ____.

A)a muscle twitch
B)tetanus
C)summation
D)relaxation coupling
E)isometric contraction

Question 54

Which system relies on the activity of both skeletal and smooth muscle?

A)skeletal
B)sensory
C)respiratory
D)nervous
E)endocrine

Question 55

The general medical term that describes a muscle disorder is ____.

A)cramp
B)dystrophy
C)atrophy
D)myopathy
E)spasm

Question 56

In which type of muscle contraction does the load exceed the muscle's peak capacity?

A)isotonic
B)isometric
C)isocentric
D)eccentric
E)concentric

Question 57

Which of the following is an inherited disorder in which skeletal muscle fibers break down?

A)sclerosis
B)dystrophy
C)atrophy
D)sarcoma
E)sarcodosis

Question 58

Contraction of leg muscles aid in the function of which system?

A)digestive
B)cardiovascular
C)respiratory
D)nervous
E)endocrine

Question 59

Active muscle cells produce ATP by four of the following means. Which is the exception?

A)lactic acid fermentation
B)creatine phosphate system
C)anaerobic metabolism
D)aerobic metabolism
E)glycolysis

Question 60

Which system relies on the contraction of smooth muscle to propel luminal contents?

A)digestive
B)sensory
C)respiratory
D)nervous
E)endocrine

Question 62

A sustained muscle contraction resulting from increased stimulation frequency is ____________________.

Question 63

A muscle ____________________ is a sudden, isolated involuntary contraction.

Question 65

The protein ____________________ binds calcium during muscle contractions.

Question 66

A group of muscles that perform similar movements are known as ____________________ muscles.

Question 67

The protein ____________________ produces power strokes that lead to sarcomere shortening.

Question 69

The ____________________ convey electrical impulses towards the interior of skeletal muscles cells.

Question 70

The term that describes the banding pattern in skeletal and cardiac muscle is ____________________.

Question 71

A(n)____________________ contraction occurs when a muscle shortens as it moves a load.

Question 72

The cancer ____________________ affects skeletal muscle.

Question 73

Summarize the major steps involved in producing a muscle contraction beginning with motor neuron activity and ending with sarcomere shortening.

Question 74

The ____________________ takes up and releases calcium during muscle contraction and relaxation.

Question 75

The constant state of contraction in a resting muscle is known as muscle ____________________.

Question 76

The ____________________ theory describes how interactions between actin and myosin produce skeletal muscle contractions.

Question 77

The skeletal muscle attachment site that moves during a contraction is the ____________________.

Question 78

In a relaxed muscle the protein ____________________ is blocking binding sites between the contractile proteins.

Question 79

The motor neuron releases acetylcholine into the ____________________ to initiate a muscle contraction.