Deck 4: Errors of Automaticity

Question 1

Under normal circumstances, a wide complex tachycardia would not be cause for concern.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Dysrhythmia that is a rhythm with a rapid rate is called a(n) ____.

A) bradydysrhythmia
B) tachydysrhythmia
C) error in automaticity
D) focal atrial tachyycardia

Answer 2

tachydysrhythmia

Question 3

Myocardial ischemia can cause decreases in cellular automaticity.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A direct current (DC) countershock, or cardioversion, should be used for sinus tachycardia in the field.

Question 5

____ is the result of an enhanced automaticity in the atrium, usually near the pulmonary veins proximal to the atrial septum, that creates very fast heart rates.

A) Focal ventrial tachycardia
B) Focal ectopic tachycardia
C) Focal tachycardia
D) Focal atrial tachycardia

Question 6

Dysrhythmia can alter the hemodynamics of the heart and may lead to a significant decline in cerebral blood flow, even in otherwise healthy individuals.

Question 7

When the sinus rhythm exceeds 100 beats per minute, it is called a ____.

A) complex tachycardia
B) sinus bradycardia
C) sinus tachycardia
D) syndrome of inappropriate sinus tachycardia

Question 8

A premature junctional complex (PJC) arises from either just above, within, or just below the junctional tissue.

Question 9

____ is a common ECG dysrhythmia affecting some two million Americans, a far greater percentage than any other dysrhythmia.

A) Septal fibrillation
B) Atrial fibrillation
C) Ventricular fibrillation
D) Localized fibrillation

Question 10

____ are the result of enhanced automaticity of the bundle of His-Purkinje fibers, which occur under certain metabolic conditions.

A) Accelerated dysrhythmia rhythms
B) Accelerated ectopic rhythms
C) Accelerated idioventricular rhythms
D) Accelerated self-limiting rhythms

Question 11

____ is a disorder of the autonomic nervous system that enhances sinus automaticity.

A) Dysautonomia
B) Sinusautonomia
C) Inappropriate sinusautonomia
D) Hypoxiautonomia

Question 12

____ is where the fastest pacemaker assumes control of the rate of depolarization of the atrium and ventricles.

A) Syncytium
B) Accelerated automaticity
C) Sinoatrial node
D) Dominance

Question 13

Dysrhythmia, whether tachydysrhythmia or bradydysrhythmia, due to errors of automaticity represent a separate class of dysrhythmia and require a different approach to treatment both in the field and in the hospital.

Question 14

Stimulation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system will cause an increase in the slope of phase four, effectively increasing the spontaneous conduction of the myocardium, which is called ____.

A) increased automaticity
B) cellular automaticity
C) accelerated automaticity
D) junctional automaticity

Question 15

A(n) ____ is thought to be akin to a multifocal atrial tachycardia, without the tachycardia.

A) wandering atrial pacemaker
B) accelerated junctional rhythm
C) wandering pacemaker
D) wandering ventricular pacemaker

Question 16

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm is seldom seen in successful cardiac resuscitations.

Question 17

The ectopic foci fires at rates typically around 120 bpm with a range of 100 to 220 bpm.

Question 18

While AIVR is a ventricular rhythm, the usual treatments for ventricular dysrhythmia are not used.

Question 19

During atrial fibrillation, the atria are never depolarized as a unit, since multiple impulses depolarize small areas.

Question 20

Dysrhythmia that is a rhythm with a slower rate is called a(n) ____.

A) bradydysrhythmia
B) tachydysrhythmia
C) error in automaticity
D) error in conduction

Question 21

After completing an initial survey and treating any life threats, the Paramedic should try to obtain a succinct history of the present illness, using a(n) ____ mnemonic.

A) OPQRST
B) SOPQRT
C) POQRST
D) OPQRTS

Question 22

A ____ is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness, without warning, while seated or standing, which may be followed by a convulsion.

A) PAC
B) run of ventricular tachycardia
C) Stokes-Adams attack
D) PVC

Question 23

A ____ is identifiable not only by the loss of rhythm in a sinus rhythm, as manifest by a single irregular R to R ratio, but sometimes by the escape beat that tends to intercede between the sinus rhythm.

A) sinus arrest
B) sinus complex
C) sinus rhythm
D) sinus pause

Question 24

In accelerated junctional rhythm, junctional tissue initiates impulses at a rate greater than its intrinsic rate of ____.

A) 40 to 60 bpm
B) 60 to 80 bpm
C) 60 to 100 bpm
D) 80 to 100 bpm

Question 25

A(n) ____________________ is an irregular cardiac rhythm, occurs whenever the rhythm is not a sinus rhythm.

Question 26

____________________'s phenomenon occurs because the ventricles are not completely repolarized, thus allowing one branch of the bundle branches to be depolarized.

Question 27

____________________ is a rare dysrhythmia thought to be due to increased automaticity of an ectopic focus, probably outside of the AV node and near the bundle of His.

Question 28

When the atria are in ____________________, blood flow in portions of the atria-particularly near the valves-slows.

Question 29

Unifocal PVCs sometimes appear two in a row and are called ____________________.

Question 30

The signs and symptoms of atrial fibrillation revolve around the subtle loss of ____.

A) central pulse
B) peripheral pulse
C) pulse deficit
D) cardiac output

Question 31

The primary cause of decreased automaticity is increased ____ stimulation.

A) atrial
B) parasympathetic
C) sympathetic
D) sinus

Question 32

The relationship of the premature complex to the preceding complex is called its ____.

A) noncompensatory pause
B) coupling interval
C) compensatory pause
D) multifocal interval

Question 33

A ____ is a beat initiated in ectopic atrial tissue that occurs before an expected complex.

A) premature junctional complex
B) premature ventricular complex
C) premature atrial complex
D) premature rhythmic complex

Question 34

A ____ is the result of an early depolarization of an irritable ectopic foci in the atria.

A) nonconducted PAC
B) premature junctional complex
C) ventricular premature beat
D) premature atrial complex

Question 35

Any time there is a pulse deficit of greater than ____ bpm, it is considered significant and should be treated.

A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
D) 30