Deck 28: The ERA of the Second World War, 1939-1949

Question 1

Define the following terms: "The Great Patriotic War"

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Define the following terms: Yalta Conference

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Define the following terms: Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Define the following terms: Dunkirk

Question 5

Define the following terms: Vichy France

Question 6

Define the following terms: Theresienstadt

Question 7

Define the following terms: Phony War

Question 8

Define the following terms: Battle of the Bulge

Question 9

Define the following terms: D-Day

Question 10

Define the following terms: Stalingrad

Question 11

Define the following terms: Polish Home Army

Question 12

Define the following terms: Lend-Lease Act

Question 13

Define the following terms: Blitzkrieg

Question 14

Define the following terms: Auschwitz-Birkenau

Question 15

Define the following terms: Charles de Gaulle

Question 16

Define the following terms: Winter War

Question 17

Define the following terms: Operation Barbarossa

Question 18

Define the following terms: Winston Churchill

Question 19

Define the following terms: Grand Alliance

Question 20

Define the following terms: Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Question 21

Define the following terms: iron curtain

Question 22

Define the following terms: Hiroshima

Question 23

Explain Japanese war aims and strategy, first in Asia and then in the Pacific. Which battles were turning points for the United States in the war against Japan?

Question 24

Define the following terms: Mao Zedong

Question 25

Define the following terms: Potsdam Conference

Question 26

Define the following terms: Tito

Question 27

Define the following terms: containment

Question 28

Define the following terms: kamikaze

Question 29

Define the following terms: United Nations

Question 30

Define the following terms: Nuremberg trials

Question 31

Define the following terms: Truman Doctrine

Question 32

Define the following terms: Federal Republic of Germany, German Democratic Republic

Question 33

Analyze the main features of the Nazi regime in occupied Europe, and describe the resistance movements. What patterns emerge?

Question 34

Define the following terms: Palestine, Israel

Question 35

Summarize the part played by the Soviet Union in turning the tide of the war in Europe.

Question 36

Define the following terms: Bretton Woods Agreement

Question 37

Discuss World War II in Europe up to the summer of 1942. Where were German armies most successful? Where did they encounter the most resistance? What were the reasons for some of the successes and the failures?

Question 38

Define the following terms: Nagasaki

Question 39

Define the following terms: Dresden

Question 40

Define the following terms: cold war

Question 41

How did the American failure to follow Churchill's advice about where to open a second front affect the future of east-central Europe?

Question 42

Analyze the differences between the Western powers and the Soviet Union over the postwar administration of Germany. What dramatic confrontation occurred? What had happened to Germany by 1949?

Question 43

Hitler's "final solution to the Jewish problem" seemed originally to involve

A) the gassing of all Jews.
B) forced emigration of Jews.
C) forced assimilation; death for those who refused.
D) confiscation of all property not necessary for survival.
E) no evidence of a master plan or why this radical plan was adopted.

Question 44

Summarize the decisions taken at Yalta and Potsdam for postwar Europe, including Germany. What divisions as to means and ends were already apparent among the Allies?

Question 45

Information about the Holocaust caused all of the following reactions except

A) disbelief, in part due to the false stories of German atrocities in the First World War.
B) bombing of the rail line into Auschwitz and other death camps.
C) skepticism, because it was known that in some Jewish camps, the inmates were not killed.
D) appeals for concerted action that never came.
E) Roosevelt refused pleas from Jewish leaders, wishing to concentrate on victory instead.

Question 46

What were some of the results of the war for the countries engaged in it? Consider the various forms of destruction and dislocation discussed in the chapter.

Question 47

Using the remarks of Brigadier General Thomas Farrell, as well as material from the text, discuss the development of the atomic bomb for its time, during the Cold War, and at the present time.

Question 48

After conquering Denmark and Norway in April 1940, Germany

A) invaded and swiftly conquered France.
B) consolidated its gains before a fall campaign in France.
C) attacked France but was repulsed at Dunkirk.
D) invaded France, thus initiating a renewal of trench warfare.
E) attacked the Soviet Union.

Question 49

Describe the Holocaust and its consequences.

Question 50

Summarize the consequences of World War II and compare them with those of World War I.

Question 51

The government of Marshal Pétain was the result of

A) an overwhelming majority vote of the French parlement.
B) a fascist coup d'état.
C) German threats.
D) the actions of Charles de Gaulle.
E) the failure of any French resistance.

Question 52

Describe communist consolidation in east-central Europe and the Balkans, as well as the response of Britain and the United States to the threat of a communist takeover in Greece.

Question 53

Which of the following statements is not true in describing Vichy France?

A) At first, Marshal Petain enjoyed widespread support.
B) The Vichy government had a goal to carry out a "national revolution."
C) Jews were protected and given full rights by the Vichy government.
D) After the war, Petain and other Vichy officials were tried on treason charges
E) The Vichy regime rounded up workers for forced shipment to German factories, hunted down members of the anti-German resistance, and picked up Jews to be sent to the Nazi extermination camps.

Question 54

Which of the following is not true in regard to the death camps?

A) Himmler was personally in charge of the camps.
B) Germans involved in this were sworn to keep all information secret.
C) Extermination was to be done as quickly as possible.
D) Only very young children were spared as they would not have a memory of the camps.
E) The process took resources needed for the war effort.

Question 55

German invasion of the Soviet Union in mid-1941

A) was delayed by German invasions of North Africa and the Balkans.
B) was initially a spectacular success.
C) stalled on the outskirts of Moscow as winter descended and Soviet resistance stiffened.
D) met with strong resistance from a surprisingly strong Soviet military.
E) All of these

Question 56

In September 1939

A) Germany invaded Poland unprovoked.
B) France and Britain declared war but failed to effectively aid Poland.
C) in agreement with Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east.
D) the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and Finland fell to Germany and the Soviet Union.
E) All of these

Question 57

Which of the following best describes the German occupation of Europe?

A) Germany showed a greater ruthlessness in exploiting the more industrialized region of Western Europe.
B) Germany worked quickly to restore prosperity and harmony throughout the continent.
C) Germany sought collaborators in the west but waged a brutal campaign of exploitation and ethnic cleansing in the east.
D) Germany was exclusively concerned with eliminating the Jews.
E) Germany was more concerned with America's Lend Lease aid to the Soviet Union and Britain.

Question 58

Hitler's plan for his new eastern European territory was to

A) create a wilderness zone around Germany.
B) divide it into a large number of small autonomous states.
C) resettle millions of Germans on land from which Poles and other Slavs had been removed by murder or expulsion.
D) create a Jewish colony in the most remote area.
E) create youth camps for interrogation and military training.

Question 59

Collaboration in Nazi Europe in regard to the Jews involved which of the following?

A) The Nazis excused nations from the Jewish roundup if rebellions might result.
B) Croatia sent their Jews to France rather than to German camps.
C) Nations collaborated with the Germans to achieve their own national interests.
D) The Scandinavian nations, feeling a strong kinship to Germany, rounded up their Jews.
E) As fascist nations, both Italy and Bulgaria were strongly in favor of the final solution.

Question 60

The Battle of Britain was

A) a massive German invasion from occupied France.
B) a two-month German aerial bombardment of Britain.
C) submarine attacks on all British ports.
D) a German and Italian naval campaign against Britain.
E) a British naval attack on German controlled French areas.

Question 61

Under Soviet occupation, the states of east-central Europe

A) established communist governments in free elections.
B) restored their prewar governments.
C) were forced to accept communist governments supported by the Soviet Union.
D) were defended against Soviet domination by the West.
E) Yugoslavia and Albania were attacked by the Soviet Union for refusing to become part of the Soviet bloc of nations.

Question 62

Which country was the first to initiate an atomic weapons program?

A) Great Britain
B) The United States
C) Japan
D) Germany
E) The Soviet Union

Question 63

Which of the following is not true concerning the effects of World War II?

A) World War II caused 60 million deaths and made another 60 million homeless or refugees.
B) Britain, France, and Italy suffered fewer casualties in 1939-1945 than they did in the First World War.
C) the highest casualty figures were in the Soviet Union, Poland, and Germany.
D) Japanese military casualties were roughly equal to those suffered by the United States.
E) A wave of anti-German feelings developed.

Question 64

Anticolonialism in Asia was aided by all of the following except

A) the sudden ending of the war in the Pacific.
B) Japanese encouragement during the war.
C) the Japanese helped local nationalists create patriotic militias.
D) Dutch influence on the Indonesian nationalist movement.
E) successful reassertion of European control.

Question 65

British and American bombing raids in Germany

A) significantly disrupted Germany's weapons production.
B) began in 1945.
C) destroyed Dresden and 60,000 of its civilian residents.
D) destroyed German morale and will to fight.
E) were primarily in retaliation for the Battle of Britain phase of the war.

Question 66

In the final years of the war, Germany suffered

A) shortages of oil and military personnel but not armaments.
B) the same widespread shortages it did during World War I.
C) mutiny of important high German military officers.
D) from widespread disease, which undermined the military effort.
E) rebellions by German citizenry.

Question 67

Like Wilson in Paris, FDR made concessions at Yalta in order to

A) keep American troops in Europe for five years.
B) avoid territorial concessions to the Soviet Union in Asia.
C) obtain British and Soviet commitment to an international organization.
D) win the goodwill of France.
E) recreate the League of Nations to be housed in the United States.

Question 68

The Soviet victory over Germany was the result of all of the following except

A) Stalin was able to rally the support of the Soviet people.
B) recalling past great heroic victories created a sense of Soviet invincibility.
C) American and Britain air power decimated Germany military positions.
D) after purging the armed forces, Stalin had young and talented officers to lead the Soviet military.
E) important Soviet industries had been dismantled and moved to safer locations.

Question 69

All of the following are true of the Nuremberg trials and the question of their legitimacy except that

A) "crimes against humanity" was a vague concept.
B) the accused were judged by laws made after the fact.
C) the Allies could not agree that Nazi leaders should be treated differently than other former adversaries.
D) international law was generally binding only on states.
E) several high German officials found guilty were executed.

Question 70

World War II resulted in all of the following except

A) decolonization.
B) long-term disarmament.
C) a division of Europe.
D) the cold war.
E) the creation of Israel.

Question 71

According to the chapter feature, "The Global Record: Japan's 'Pan-Asian Mission,'" how did its author, Nagayo Yoshio not describe Japan's claim that it only wished to free Asians from Western powers?

A) The Sino-Japanese War really did not arouse the Japanese yamato damashi .
B) Asians should not see the Japanese in the same spirit as Western powers.
C) The Japanese culture requires it to be constantly in some kind of military challenge.
D) Orientals have built a sense of awe for the West, and Japan has a duty to reverse this feeling.
E) Japan promises not to impose hakko ichiu on its Eastern neighbors.

Question 72

The Truman Doctrine was a policy aimed at

A) checking the spread of communism throughout the world, beginning with Greece.
B) economic reconstruction of Europe.
C) broadening the powers of the United Nations.
D) dismantling communism in east-central Europe.
E) the destruction of all atomic weapons.

Question 73

The Japanese invasion of French Indochina resulted in

A) no foreign action against Japan.
B) the British declaration of war on Japan.
C) Japanese control of rich oil fields.
D) total export embargoes by the Americans, British, and Dutch.
E) the eventual defeat of France and Britain, leaving Americans without important allies in the region.

Question 74

Which of the following is not true of the resistance movements in occupied Europe?

A) The largest, best organized resistance was in Poland, Yugoslavia, and the Soviet Union.
B) Communists played important roles in Italy and France.
C) The most effective resistance movement was the Free French.
D) The resistance movements in Western Europe had a major influence on postwar politics.
E) Resistance movements were involved in guerrilla war against the Germans and their collaborators.

Question 75

At Potsdam, the Allies agreed to all of the following except

A) Polish control of German territory east of the Oder-Neisse Line as compensation for Soviet annexation of eastern Poland.
B) zones of occupation in Germany.
C) "pastoralization" of Germany.
D) de-Nazification.
E) demilitarization.

Question 76

After Pearl Harbor and the U.S. declaration of war on Japan

A) the Japanese developed plans to carry out their long-standing aim of conquering the American Pacific coast.
B) the Japanese offered to negotiate peace with the United States.
C) Germany declared war on the United States.
D) the Soviet Union immediately attacked Japan.
E) Roosevelt ordered the atomic bomb attack on Japan.

Question 77

The main cause of Japanese expansionism seems to have been

A) economic; Japan did not have the natural resources to sustain its industrialization and modernization.
B) ideological; the Japanese believed they were racially superior.
C) political; the Japanese needed foreign success to avert a revolution.
D) personal; the emperor was solely responsible.
E) the ultimate defeat of both China and the Soviet Union.

Question 78

The controversy over the Yalta Conference lay in the issue of

A) whether it betrayed east-central Europe by ensuring Soviet domination.
B) its location in the Soviet Union.
C) establishing the United Nations.
D) economic reconstruction of postwar Europe.
E) military resistance to the Soviet Union's claim to all of Germany.

Question 79

Factors that contributed to the Soviet victory over the Axis included all of the following except

A) German miscalculation.
B) an industrial base east of the Ural Mountains and the effective evacuation of significant industry before the German advance.
C) American aid that accounted for 45 to 50 percent of all Soviet supplies.
D) popular support for the "Great Patriotic War."
E) Hitler's refusal to order a strategic retreat.

Question 80

Because of disputes with the Western powers on the issue of German economic recovery versus reparations, the Soviet Union

A) blockaded Berlin in 1948.
B) withdrew from Germany.
C) invaded the Western zones.
D) agreed to stop plundering Germany.
E) created the Federal Republic of Germany in their zone.