Deck 10: The High Middle Ages: Vitality and Renewal

Question 1

The High Middle Ages roughly correspond to the years

A)500-1050.
B)700-1100.
C)1050-1300.
D)900-1300.
E)1100-1300.

Answer 1

1050-1300.

Question 2

By forming partnerships, medieval merchants

A)could acquire sufficient capital for large-scale commercial enterprises.
B)reduced their risks.
C)expanded their knowledge of profit-making opportunities.
D)furthered commerce.
E)all of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

Compared to the ancient world, European agricultural technology at the end of the thirteenth century was

A)still far behind.
B)lagging but improving.
C)roughly on the same level.
D)somewhat more advanced.
E)far superior.

Answer 3

far superior.

Question 4

Which best explains why the church became the largest property owner in the cities?

A)Most cities were built on church lands.
B)The church had always been a predominantly urban institution: pagan originally meant country dwellers.
C)To balance the rising power of townspeople, the nobles often reserved large tracts of land in the town for the clergy.
D)Businessmen made large contributions to the church out of guilt for pursuing wealth.
E)The church actively bought up city plots as a lucrative investment.

Question 5

The majority of townspeople in medieval Europe were

A)the patrician elite.
B)guild members in lucrative trades.
C)guild members in ordinary trades.
D)journeymen and apprentices.
E)the unskilled and the unemployed.

Question 6

All of the following technological innovations increased European agricultural productivity in the Middle Ages EXCEPT

A)a new heavy plow.
B)introduction of the horseshoe and horse collar.
C)the three-field system of sowing.
D)introduction of oxen for pulling plows.
E)the widening use of the water mill and the introduction of the windmill. ​

Question 7

Towns in medieval Europe

A)underpinned the values of the landed classes.
B)supported manorialism.
C)had little connection to intellectual activity.
D)became the first self-governing municipalities since Greco-Roman days.
E)all of the above

Question 8

Royal power accrued to the English king with each of the following EXCEPT

A)establishing common law.
B)gaining control over taxation.
C)the Battle of Hastings.
D)the Domesday Book .
E)a competent financial administration, the Exchequer.

Question 9

A burg refers to

A)a fortified town.
B)an urban serf.
C)a tract of church land.
D)a commercial contract between investors.
E)a political charter.

Question 10

The new outlook developed among the townspeople of the High Middle Ages included a

A)counterforce to Christian otherworldliness.
B)new respect for manual labor and trade.
C)revived civic spirit reminiscent of active citizenship in Greco-Roman times.
D)growing interest in secular education.
E)all of the above

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT identified in the text as one of the urban areas with more than fifty thousand inhabitants during the High Middle Ages?

A)Ghent.
B)Paris.
C)London.
D)Venice.
E)Milan.

Question 12

During the Early Middle Ages, the limited foreign trade of Western Europe was handled mainly by

A)the Dutch and the Italians.
B)Jews and Italians.
C)Jews and Arabs.
D)Arabs and Byzantines.
E)none of the above

Question 13

The medieval idea of a Respublica Christiana involved the rule of Europe by

A)a vast network of bishops.
B)the pope.
C)an emperor guided by the pope.
D)a Christian aristocracy.
E)monastic communities in consultation with feudal lords.

Question 14

Advances in business techniques in the High Middle Ages included all of the following EXCEPT

A)insurance for cargoes.
B)bills of exchange.
C)double-entry bookkeeping.
D)limited-liability corporations.
E)commercial law.

Question 15

Bills of exchange

A)permitted damaged goods to be replaced with other goods of equal value.
B)facilitated currency conversion.
C)were cash payments by insurers to replace damaged goods.
D)created credit.
E)regulated tax collection.

Question 16

The principle export of northern Europe to the Atlantic coast in the High Middle Ages was

A)cheese.
B)lumber.
C)pig iron.
D)wool.
E)glassware.

Question 17

By the end of the eleventh century, Europe's growing might and self-confidence was demonstrated by

A)German conquest and colonization of lands on the northeastern frontier of Latin Christendom.
B)the recovery of formerly Christian lands in North Africa.
C)offensives against the Muslims in Sicily.
D)offensives against the Muslims in the Holy Land.
E)offensives against the Muslims in Spain.

Question 18

Increased grain production led to

A)less starvation and disease.
B)more milk, meat, and manure.
C)population increase.
D)the survival of draft animals and livestock during the winter.
E)all of the above

Question 19

Guilds performed all the following functions EXCEPT

A)ensuring just prices.
B)encouraging competition.
C)extending aid to needy guild members and their families.
D)fostering a sense of community among members through joint activities such as religious processions.
E)ensuring the production of products of equal quality.

Question 20

As the result of changing economic conditions, the percentage of French peasants who were serfs fell from 90 percent in 1050 to about what percent in 1350?

A)5
B)10
C)15
D)20
E)25

Question 21

The original impetus to the great increase in papal power during the High Middle Ages was the

A)drive of bishops to increase their wealth.
B)ambition of the Holy Roman Emperors to use the Papacy to recreate the Roman Empire.
C)Concordat of Worms.
D)emergence of a reform movement criticizing Church corruption and moral laxity.
E)revival of trade and the rise of a new class: townspeople.

Question 22

The Magna Carta was forced on which English king?

A)Henry I
B)Henry II
C)John
D)William I
E)Richard I

Question 23

How did the Crusades begin?

A)The Byzantines lost control of the Holy Land in 1071 and appealed for help from their fellow Christians in the West.
B)At the Council of Clermont in France, Pope Urban II appealed for help to defend Eastern Christianity from the Turks.
C)Dissatisfied with their lot in live, masses of peasants decided to seek a better life in the land where Christ lived dies and rose again.
D)The Muslim laid siege to Constantinople and the western powers came to their fellow Christians' aid.
E)Shortly after the final split between Catholics and the Orthodox, the Pope called for a holy war against the heretics.

Question 24

English Parliament during the Middle Ages included representatives from all of the following EXCEPT

A)the nobility.
B)the clergy.
C)the peasantry.
D)the townspeople.
E)the knights.

Question 25

The Magna Carta is historically significant because it

A)reflected the growing literacy in Europe.
B)established the English Parliament.
C)created a democracy in medieval England.
D)contained principles that, over time, would develop privileges for the elite into basic civil rights.
E)ended feudalism and manorialism in England.

Question 26

The medieval Church regarded heretics as all the following EXCEPT

A)traitors against a God.
B)mistaken individuals who required guidance since all error is due to ignorance.
C)dangerous individuals who undermined society.
D)people who deserved death because they were aligned with Satan.
E)rebels against clerical authority.

Question 27

Which best describes the papacy in the tenth century?

A)The papacy had absolute control over European society.
B)The papacy was very worldly, dominated by aristocratic families and exercised very weak authority over European society.
C)The papacy joined the monasteries in separating itself for the world and pursuing spiritual purity.
D)The papacy played a major role in the prosperous Carolingian empire.
E)The pope in Rome had officially broken with Church authorities in Constantinople.

Question 28

Which of the following is among the factors that motivated Crusaders?

A)the promise of cancellation of penalties for sin
B)the hope of gaining land by conquest
C)the desire to rescue holy places from the Muslims
D)the opportunity to secure glory
E)all of the above

Question 29

From the 1200s on, a safe generalization would be that compared to English kings, French kings had

A)fewer legal limitations on their power but more difficulty keeping their realms united.
B)more legal limitations on their power, but fewer difficulties keeping their realms united.
C)fewer legal limitations on their power and less difficulty keeping their realms united.
D)more legal limitations on their power and more difficulty keeping their realms united.
E)roughly the same powers.

Question 30

Which of the following was NOT one of the seven sacraments of the church?

A)pilgrimage
B)ordination
C)confirmation
D)extreme unction
E)penance

Question 31

Which of the following French kings trebled the size of his kingdom and became stronger than any French lord?

A)Hugh Capet
B)Louis VI
C)Louis IX
D)Philip IV
E)Philip Augustus

Question 32

Which generalization about parliaments does NOT correspond to historical reality?

A)Parliaments became a common institution throughout medieval Europe.
B)Medieval parliaments were the ancestors of today's representative, constitutional governments.
C)Representative parliaments are unique to Western Civilization.
D)Medieval parliaments demonstrate that medieval king did not have the absolute power of a Roman emperor.
E)As clerical leaders, archbishops, bishops, and abbots were prohibited from parliamentary participation.

Question 33

Gregorian Reform included

A)the effort to assert the preeminence of the papacy.
B)the attempt to improve the moral quality of the clergy.
C)the desire to liberate the church from all control by secular authorities.
D)the removal of clergy who had bought their offices.
E)all of the above

Question 34

An issue in the Investiture Controversy was the

A)rule of the Holy Roman Emperor in Sicily.
B)right of secular rulers to appoint and confirm bishops in their offices.
C)debate between medieval scholars about nominalism and realism.
D)Franciscan brothers' preaching of poverty.
E)role of the Church in the new commercial revolution.

Question 35

The Crusades resulted in

A)an intellectual revolution sparked by contact with Muslim scholars.
B)literature based on crusading.
C)a strengthening of feudalism and the weakening of monarchical power.
D)dramatic reductions in trade between Latin Christendom and the East.
E)all of the above

Question 36

Each of the following statements about France's Estates General is true EXCEPT

A)the Estates General was a national assembly.
B)members represented three estates (classes)in society: clergy, nobility, and townspeople.
C)the Estates General was initially called as a demonstration of support for the king in his struggle with the pope.
D)the institution voted funds for the king.
E)the Estates General developed into a check on royal power in the Middle Ages.

Question 37

The most important reason why Germany was not unified in the Middle Ages under a strong government was

A)German intervention in Italy and the papacy.
B)the bishops' resistance to expanded royal powers.
C)the opposition of dukes who did want to lose their own independence.
D)strong pressure from France in the west.
E)German colonization in the east.

Question 38

Which of the following was NOT part of Europe's successful territorial expansion in the Middle Ages?

A)Most of Spain was regained from the Muslims.
B)Permanent Crusader states were established in the Holy Land.
C)Normans seized Sicily and Sardinia from the Muslims.
D)Germans conquered pagan Balts and Slavs along the Baltic Sea.
E)Normans seized southern Italy from the Byzantines.

Question 39

The career of Saladin demonstrates

A)the retreat of Muslim forces from Palestine.
B)moderation towards a defeated, cruel enemy.
C)the ferocity when Seljuk Turks met the Muslim leader.
D)the advances that could be achieved when the papal legate had an audience with him.
E)boundless religious fanaticism.

Question 40

During the High Middle Ages, the church

A)enjoyed growing devotion from the common people.
B)experienced reform movements attacking clerical abuses.
C)attempted to shape secular institution and culture in general.
D)stirred passion for the Crusades that drew the Christian community closer together.
E)all of the above

Question 41

Which of the following statement about the Middle Ages is NOT accurate?

A)Lords and kings periodically expelled Jews in order to confiscate their property.
B)The Church taught that Jews should not be harmed.
C)Many Christians believed it a duty to wage war against non-Christians.
D)Organized attacks against Jews ended during the First Crusade when thousands of Jews were killed by Crusaders on their way to the Holy Land.
E)Some blamed the Black Death on the Jews.

Question 42

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
cardinals

Question 43

Which of the following groups believed that there was an eternal struggle between the evil God of the Old Testament and the good God of the New Testament, that the soul was trapped in a corrupt world, and that all products of sexual activity (cheese, meat, etc)should be avoided?

A)Waldensians
B)Cathari
C)Franciscans
D)Dominicans
E)Adamites

Question 44

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
parlement

Question 45

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Concordat of Worms

Question 46

Little Brothers were individuals who

A)closely obeyed the dictates of Innocent III.
B)were followers of Saint Francis.
C)tried to protect the children on the Children's Crusade.
D)spread the message of Cluny during the Investiture Controversy.
E)assisted parish priests; they are sometime known as deacons.

Question 47

The Fourth Lateran Council

A)allowed Jews to hold public office.
B)ordered Jews to remain off the streets during Christian festivals.
C)allowed Jews to remove an identifying badge from their clothing.
D)protected Jews' property from seizure by Christians.
E)none of the above

Question 48

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Investiture Controversy

Question 49

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Parliament

Question 50

Which of the following were known as "hounds of the Lord"?

A)the Franciscans
B)the Waldensians
C)the Dominicans
D)the Cathari
E)the Jews

Question 51

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
sacraments

Question 52

Attitudes toward the Jewish community in medieval Europe were predicated upon the belief that

A)all Jews for all time were guilty of deicide.
B)Jews practiced ritual killing of Christian children.
C)Jews deserved punishment for their recalcitrance in resisting conversion to Christianity.
D)Jews were a visibly alien group that practiced moneylending, which was a sin.
E)all of the above

Question 53

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Domesday Book

Question 54

Pope Innocent III claimed that

A)papal authority is like the moon, and royal authority is like the sun.
B)God created all authorities to be equal.
C)papal authority should be subordinated to the power of kings.
D)God established a single authority ruled over souls and bodies.
E)royal power derives its dignity from the power of the papacy.

Question 55

Which of the following statements is FALSE? The Fourth Lateran Council in 1215

A)established the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception (Mary, the Mother of God, was conceived without sin).
B)declared that the Orthodox Church is subordinate to the Catholic Church and that any law detrimental to the Church is null and void.
C)decreed that the body and blood of Christ are present in communion (bread and wine in the Mass).
D)required that each person confess and do penance at least once a year.
E)declared that the clergy cannot be taxed.

Question 56

Saint Francis of Assisi and his followers avoided being condemned as heretics because they

A)did not practice radical poverty.
B)respected clerical authority and acknowledged the sacraments.
C)isolated themselves from the general population.
D)did not teach about Christ.
E)became the chief force behind the Inquisition.

Question 57

Which of the following is true of the procedures of the Inquisition?

A)The accused were not told the names of their accusers.
B)The accused were tortured.
C)The accused were prohibited from examining evidence of witnesses.
D)The accused were not permitted to have legal defense.
E)all of the above

Question 58

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
shire, sheriff

Question 59

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
excommunication

Question 60

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Respublica Christiana

Question 61

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
deicide

Question 62

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cathari

Question 63

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Explain the agricultural advances of the High Middle Ages and their consequences.

Question 64

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Compare and contrast the development of medieval England and medieval France. To what degree were the monarchs of each able to centralize power, and what factors supported or inhibited the process of centralization?

Question 65

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
crusade

Question 66

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Waldensians

Question 67

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What major social changes were underway in Europe after 1000?

Question 68

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Locate and label three of the following: the home of St. Francis of Assisi, the home of Peter Waldo, the site of the crusade against the Cathari (1208-1229), and the site of Cluny.

Question 69

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Locate and label the following centers of trade in the High Middle Ages: Champagne, Constantinople, Flanders, and Italy.

Question 70

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Locate and label the site of the Council of Clermont. Mark the approximate route of the Crusades to the Near East. Indicate at least two other areas subject to crusades.

Question 71

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Draw in the approximate borders of the Holy Roman Empire in 1200. On the same map, locate and label the Holy Roman Empire's neighbors: the Kingdoms of Denmark, France, Hungary, and Poland.

Question 72

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Explain the commercial revolution of the High Middle Ages and its consequences.

Question 73

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cluny

Question 74

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Explain the evolution of the Catholic Church as an institution in the High Middle Ages.

Question 75

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Inquisition

Question 76

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Discuss the nature of the quarrel between Pope Gregory VII and the Emperor Henry IV. What did their conflict demonstrate about the nature of power - both temporal and spiritual - during the High Middle Ages? What was the legacy of the dispute?

Question 77

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. The Roman Empire thrived and fell as an autocracy. Medieval Europe followed a different political path. Compare and contrast both the nature of power and the concept of empire during both periods.

Question 78

Key Terms Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
heresy

Question 79

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why did Latin Christians fight for control of the Holy Land during the High Middle Ages? What do the Crusades reveal about the ideals and realities of medieval Europe and the legacy of the Crusades?

Question 80

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).
Draw in the approximate borders of the Holy Roman Empire in 1200. On the same map, draw in the borders of Charlemagne's empire and the Roman Empire at its height. Clearly label all three.